Myoxanthus exasperatus (Lindl.) Luer 1982 SUBGENUS Myoxanthus SECTION Myoxanthus Luer 1992
Photos by © Jay Pfahl
Photo by © Jean Marc Palandre and his Flickr Orchid Photo Website
Drawing by Carl Luer
Common Name The Covered with Hard Sharp Points Myoxanthus [refers to the pubescence of the sheaths and sepals]
Flower Size .4" [1 cm]
Found in Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panama, Venezuela, Colombia and Ecuador in cloud forests at elevations of 2000 to 2900 meters as a medium to large sized, cold growing epiphyte with erect, stout, purplish ramicauls enveloped by 4 to 8, tubular, hispidulous sheaths and carrying a single, apical, erect, thickly coriaceous, dark green, suffused with purple, narrowly ovate, acute, cuneate below into the petiolate base leaf that blooms in the winter on a congested fascile of several, .2 to .4" [.5 to 1 cm] long, single, simultaneous flowered inflorescence arising often through a dense mass of old nodes at the apex of the ramicaul with infundibular, minutely spiculate enveloping the stout, minutely pubescent pedicel.
CAUTION !!! Karremans & Rojas-Alvarado 2020 have found that the type specimen of M exasperatus has been misinterpreted in literature and actually represents what has been known as M speciosa. All orchids that have many white flowers called M exasperatus have been moved to M parahybunensis.
Synonyms Humboldtia exasperata (Lindl.) Kuntze 1891; Humboltia exasperata (Lindl.) Kuntze 1891; Myoxanthus speciosus (Luer) Luer 1982; Pleurothallis exasperata Lindl. 1859; *Pleurothallis speciosa Luer 1977; Specklinia peduncularis (Kuntze) F.Barros 1983 publ. 1984
References W3 Tropicos, Kew Monocot list , IPNI ; Flora of Venezuela Vol XV Part 2 Foldats 1970 as Pleuorthallis exasperata drawing fide; Las Orquedias de El Salvador Vol 3 Hamer 1981 drawing not = Myoxanthus parahybunensis; Icones Pleurothallidinarum Vol IX Systematics of Myoxanthus Luer 1992 drawing not = M parahybunensis; Icones Pleurothallidinarum Vol IX Systematics of Myoxanthus Luer 1992 as M speciosa drawing fide; Guatemala Y Sus Orquideas Behar & Tinschert 1998 as M octomeriaea photo fide; Orchids of Venezuela [An illustrated field guide] Vol. 2 Ramiro and Carnevali 2000 drawing = Myoxanthus parahybunensis ; Native Ecuadorian Orchids Vol 3 Dodson 2002 drawing/photo = Myoxanthus parahybunensis ; Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica Vol 3 Hammel, Grayum, Herrera and Zamora 2003; Orquideas Nativas del Tachira Cesar Fernandez 2003 photo as Myoxanthus parahybunensis ; Orquideas Da Chapada Diamantina Brito & Cribb 2005 = M parahybunensis; Orchid Species of Peru Zelenko Bermudez 2009 photo = Myoxanthus parahybunensis ; Orchid Genera and Species in Guatemala Archila, Szlachchetko, Chiron, Lipinska, Mystkowska and Bertolini 2018; Pleurothallids Neotropical Jewels Vol 1 Karremans & Viera 2020 photo fide; Vanishing Beauty, Native Costa Rican Orchids Vol 2 Lacaena to Pteroglossa Pupulin 2020 photo not = Myoxanthus parahybunensis; A taxonomic synopsis and morphological characterization of Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) Gustavo Rojas-Alvarado, Mario A. Blanco, A. P. Karremans 2021 photo fide
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