Hapalorchis lineatus (Lindl.) Schltr. 1920
Photos by © Marcos Aurelio
Photo by © Andres Gonzales and his Fotos de Flora Nativa y Adventicaias de Uruguay Website
Drawing, notice petiolate base leaves
Drawing by © Fritz Hamer
Drawing, notice sessile leaves
Drawing of Spiranthes tenuis by © Dunsterville and Garay
LATE
Common Name The Linear Hapalorchis
Flower Size .2" [5 mm]
Found in Guatemala, Nicaragua, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Fr Guiana, Surinam, Guyana, Venezuela, Colombia, Bolivia and Brazil at elevations around 550 to 1800 meters as a miniature to small sized, warm to cool growing terrestrial with fleshy, thickened, pubescent roots on a 3,2" to 6.4" [8 to 16 cm] long rhizome giving rise to 2 to 10, gatered in a basal rosette, thin, delicate, ovate-sagittate, acute to subacute, basally truncate into the petiolaate base leaves that blooms in the late winter and early spring on an erect, terminal, peduncle 3 to 15.6" [7.5 to 39 cm] long, sparsely glandular, provided with 3 to5, tubular, lanceolate, acuminate, hyaline, very thin, delicate, glabreous, single veined sheathing bracts, rachis .6 to 2.8" [1.5 to 7 cm] long, laxly 1 to 7 flowered inflorescence with lanceolate, long-acuminate, oblique, thin, glabrous, single veined floral bracts and carrying small, resupinate, tubular, white flowers with green lines on the lip.
"Similar to Hapalorchis cheirostyloides
CAUTION Kew and others place Spiranthes tenuis as a synonym of this species. I follow Szlachetko & Kolanowska 2019 etal in keeping them separate for the reasons cited here. It has sessile leaves and more relaxed apically sepals while Hapalorchis lineatus has petiolate based leaves and apically reflexed sepals giving it an antelope look.
Synonyms Cyclopogon amabilis (Ames) Acuña 1939; Cyclopogon candidus (Kraenzl.) Pabst 1974; Cyclopogon lineatus (Lindl.) Pabst 1974; Cyclopogon micranthus (Barb.Rodr.) Barb.Rodr. 1877; Cyclopogon pauciflorus (Porto & Brade) Pabst 1974; Gyrostachys lineata (Lindl.) Kuntze 1891; Gyrostachys tenuis (Lindl.) Kuntze 1891; Hapalorchis candidus (Kraenzl.) Schltr. 1920; Hapalorchis lineatus (Lindl.) Schltr. 1920; Hapalorchis lineatus var. brevicaulis Hoehne 1945; Hapalorchis micranthus (Barb.Rodr.) Hoehne 1945; Hapalorchis pauciflorus Porto & Brade 1937; Hapalorchis tenuis (Lindl.) Schltr. 1919; Sauroglossum candidum Kraenzl. 1911; Sauroglossum tenue Lindl. 1858; Spiranthes amabilis Ames 1923; Spiranthes fawcettii Cogn. 1909; *Spiranthes lineata Lindl. 1840; Spiranthes micrantha Barb.Rodr. 1877;
References W3 Tropicos, Kew Monocot list , IPNI ;
Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 471 Lindley 1840 as Spiranthes lineata
Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 466 Lindley 1840 as Spiranthes tenuis
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 3, 1: 334 Lindley 1858 as Sauroglossum tenue
Gen. Spec. Orchid. 1: 183 Barb Rodr. 1877 as Spiranthes micranthus
Gen. Spec. Orchid. 1(Index): iii Barb Rodr. 1877 as Cyclopogon micranthus
Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 664 Kuntze 1891 as Gyrostachys lineata
Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 664 Kuntze 1891 as Gyrostachys tenuis
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 123 Cogniaux 1909 as Spiranthes fawcettii
Symbolae Antillanae Vol VI: 339 Orchidaceae Urban 1909 as S fawcettii;
Flora of Jamaica: 27 Fawcett & Rendle 1910 as S fawcettii
Flora of Jamaica: pL 3 fig 6-9 Fawcett & Rendle 1910 as S fawcettii drawing hmm;
Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., n.f., 46(10): 38 Kraenzlin 1911 as Sauroglossum candidum
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 6: 30 Schlechter 1919 as Hapalorchis tenuis
* Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 37(2): 363 Schlechter 1920
Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 37(2): 363 Schlechter 1920 as Hapalorchis candida
Schedul. Orchid. 2: 8 Ames 1923 as Spiranthes amabilis
Arq. Inst. Biol. Veg. 3: 131 Porto & Brade 1937 as Hapalorchis pauciflorus
Bol. Estaçión Exp. Agron. Santiago de las Vegas 60: 35 Acuna 1939 as Cyclopogon amabilis
Flora Brasilica Vol XII II: 291 Hoehne 1945 as Hapalorchis micranthus
Flora Brasilica Vol XII II: tab 159 Hoehne 1945 as Hapalorchis micranthus drawing ok to the second photo;
Flora Brasilica Vol XII II: 293 Hoehne 1945
Flora Brasilica Vol XII II: tab 160 fig 1 Hoehne 1945drawing ok to the first photo;
Flora Brasilica Vol XII II: 294 Hoehne 1945
Flora Fl. Brasílica 12(2): 294 Hoehne 1945 as Hapalorchis lineatus var brevicaulis
Flora Fl. Brasílica 12(2): tab `160 fig 2 Hoehne 1945 as Hapalorchis lineatus var brevicaulis drawing fide;
Fl. Brasílica 12(2): 291 Hoehne 1945 as Hapalorchis lineatus var micrantha drawing fide;
Iconografia de Orchidaceae Do Brasil Hoehne 1949 drawing ok to the first photo;
Iconografia de Orchidaceae Do Brasil Hoehne 1949 as Hapalorchis lineatus var brevicaulis drawing fide;
AOS Bulletin Vol 38 No 6 1969 as Spiranthes lineatum, AOS Bulletin Vol 38 No 6 1969
Flora de Venezuela Foldats Volumen XV Part 1 1969 as Spiranthes lineatus drawing good;
Flora de Venezuela Foldats Volumen XV Part 1 1969 as Spiranthes tenuis drawing good;
Bradea 1: 466 Pabst 1974 as Cyclopogon lineatus Bradea 1: 466 Pabst 1974 as Cyclopogon candidus
Bradea 1: 467 Pabst 1974 as Cyclopogon pauciflorus
Orchidaceae Brasilenses Band 1 Pabst & Dungs 1975 as Cyclopogon candidus drawing ok;
Orchidaceae Brasilenses Band 1 Pabst & Dungs 1975 as Cyclopogon lineatus drawing ok;
Orchidaceae Brasilenses Band 1 Pabst & Dungs 1975 as Cyclopogon micranthus drawing ok;
Orchids of Venezuela, An Illustrated Field Guide Vol 3 Dunsterville & Garay 1979 as Spiranthes tenuis drawing fide to second photo;
Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 533 Dodson Vasquez 1982 drawing fide;
Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 773 Hamer 1982 as Spiranthes tenuis drawing fide;
Selbyana Vol 10 Orchids of Central America: 319 Hamer 1988 drawing fide;
Orchids of the High Mountains of the Mata Atlantica in southern Brazil Miller and Warren 1994 as Cyclopogon candidus drawing fide;
An Orchid Flora Of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands Ackerman 1995 drawing ok;
Orchids of Venezuela [An illustrated field guide] Vol. 2 Ramiro and Carnevali 2000 as Hapalorchis cheirostyloides drawing good;
Orchids of Venezuela [An illustrated field guide] Vol. 3 Ramiro and Carnevali 2000 as Spiranthes tenuis drawing good;
Rudolf Schlechter Die Orchideen Band 1C lieferung 40 pg 2492 - 2564 Brieger 2000 as Hapalorchis cheirostyloides;
The Orchids of Cuba Llamacho & Larramendi 2005 photo good;
The Organ Mountain Range, its History and its Orchids Miller, Warren, Miller and Seehawer 2008 as Cyclopogon candidus drawing ok/photo ok;
Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles Ackerman 2014 drawing fide;
Orchids A Colombian Treasure Vol 3 Ortiz & Uribe 2019 photo ok;
Materials to the Orchid Flora of Colombia: 130 Szlachetko & Kolanowska 2019 as Spiranthes tenuis drawing fide;
Materials to the Orchid Flora of Colombia: 134 Szlachetko & Kolanowska 2019 drawing fide;
Orchid Genera and Species in Guatemala Archila, Szlachchetko, Chiron, Lipinska, Mystkowska and Bertolini 2018
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
