Cephalanthera damasonianum (Mill.) Druce 1906
Photo by Emilio Esteban-Infantes and his Flickr Orchid Photo Website
Photo by Orchid Photo Website
LATE 
TO EARLY 
Common Name Damason's Cephalanthera - In China Da Hua Tou Rui Lan
Flower Size Almost 1" [almost 2.5 cm]
Found in the Balearic Islands, Corsica, Sardinia, Spain, France, Great Britain, Sweden, Denmark, Belgium, Netherlands, Germany, Czachloslavakia, Austria, Switzerland, Poland, Italy, Albania, Yugoslavia, Greece, Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, western Russia, Algeria, Cyprus, Turkey, Leabanon, Israel, Jordan, Iran, China, Bhutan and the eastern Himalayas in forests of chalky beechwoods, pine forets and rarely grasslands at elevations up to 1800 meters as a medium to just large sized, cold growing terrestrial with erect stems with 2 to 3 basal sheaths carrying ovate-lanceolate leaves narrowing towards the inflorescence that blooms in the late spring and early summer on an axillary, 4 to 8" [10 to 20 cm] long, loosely few to several [16] flowered inflorescence arising from the leaf axils.
Synonyms Cephalanthera acuminata Ledeb. 1852; Cephalanthera alba Fritsch 1888; Cephalanthera alba (Crantz) Simonkai 1886; Cephalanthera alba var. adenophora R.Keller in H.Schinz & R.Keller 1914; Cephalanthera alpicola var. shizuoi (F.Maek.) T.Hashim. 1987; Cephalanthera damasonium f. collina (Zapal.) Soó 1969; Cephalanthera damasonium f. gracilis (Zapal.) Soó 1969; Cephalanthera damasonium f. spicata (W.Zimm.) Soó 1969; Cephalanthera damasonium lus ochroleuca (Baumg.) Soó 1970 publ. 1971; Cephalanthera elegans Schltr. 1919; Cephalanthera ensifolia Rich. 1817; Cephalanthera grandiflora Gray Bab.; Cephalanthera lancifolia (F.W.Schmidt) Dumort. 1827; Cephalanthera latifolia Druce 1907; Cephalanthera latifolia (Miller) Janchen 1907; Cephalanthera latifolia f. adenophora (R.Keller) Soó 1928; Cephalanthera latifolia f. collina (Zapal.) Soó 1928; Cephalanthera latifolia f. gracilis (Zapal.) Soó 1928; Cephalanthera latifolia f. pienena (Zapal.) Soó 1928; Cephalanthera latifolia f. spicata (W.Zimm.) Soó 1928; Cephalanthera lonchophyllum (L. f.) Rchb. f. 1851; Cephalanthera ochroleuca Rchb. f. 1833; Cephalanthera pallens var. collina Zapal. 1906; Cephalanthera pallens var. gracilis Zapal. 1906; Cephalanthera pallens subsp. ochroleuca (Baumg.) Nyman 1882; Cephalanthera shizuoi Maek. 1936; Cephalanthera yunnanensis Hand.-Mazz. 1936; *Cymbidium pallens Sw. 1799; Epipactis alba Crantz 1769; Epipactis alba f. spicata W.Zimm. 1917; Epipactis lancifolia F.W.Schmidt 1795; Epipactis ochroleuca Baumg. 1817; Epipactis pallens Sw. 1805; Epipactis pallens Willd.; Serapias alba (Crantz) Salisb. 1796; Serapias damasonium Mill. 1768; Serapias grandiflora Oeder 1770; Serapias lancifolia (F.W.Schmidt) Roth 1799; Serapias latifolia Mill. 1768; Serapias lonchophyllum L. f. 1782; Serapias ochroleuca (Baumg.) Steud. 1821; Serapias pallens (Sw.) S.B.Jundz. 1830; Serapias tota-alba Gilib. 1792
References W3 Tropicos, Kew Monocot list , IPNI ; Die Orchideen 3 Auflage Bd 1 Sonderabdruck aus Schlechter Lieferung 5 257- 320 Brieger, Maatsch and Senghas 1974 photo ok; AOS Bulletin Vol 54 No 6 1985 photo fide; Manual of Orchids Stewart 1995; Encyclopedia of Cultivated Orchdis Hawkes 1987; Botanica's Orchids Laurel Glen 2003; An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Orchids Pridgeon 1982; Flora's Orchids Nash & La Croix 2005; Wild Orchids of Britain Summerhayes 1951; Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle east Delforge 2005; Orchids of Bhutan Pearce & Cribb 2002; Orchids of India A Glimpse Misra 2007; AOS Bulletin Vol 77 No 6 2008 photo fide; Flora of China Vol 25 Zhengyi, Raven & Deyuan 2009; Flora of China Vol 25 Zhengyi, Raven & Deyuan 2010 drawing fide; Orchideen Series C Band 74 Thiv & Worz 2012 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 83 #7 2014 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 86 #5 2017 photo fide;
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