Epidendrum ciliare L. 1759 GROUP Coilostylis
Photo by © Jay Pfahl
Photo by © Peter Szabo
TYPE Drawing by © Jimenez, Hágsater & E.Santiago and The AMO Herbario Website
and EARLY
Common Name The Hairy-Lip Epidendrum
Flower Size 3 to 7" [8 to 17 cm]
Native to Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Leewards, Puerto Rico, Windwards, Trinidad & Tobago, French Guiana, Surinam, Guyana, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil in wet montane forests high in trees at elevations of 500 to 1000 meters, as a medium to large sized, warm growing epiphyte and sometimes as a lithophyte with one or 2, elliptic, obtuse, coriaceous leaves on a clavate, compressed above, subterete below, 5 to 6 nodes covered by close distichous, imbricating sheaths pseudobulb that blooms in the fall, winter and early spring on a terminal, to 12" [30 cm] long, racemose, few to several [5 to 6] flowered inflorescence arising on a newly maturing pseudobulb and carrying fragrant grapefruit to floral scented flowers.
"Epidendrum ciliare belongs to the GROUP Coilostylis which is characterized by the sympodial, caespitose plants, the stems forming a fusiform, homoblastic pseudobulb, with an apical, racemose, distichous inflorescence, the peduncle covered by large bracts (but not spathaceous bracts), and flowers large, starshaped, with long, narrow sepals and petals. The species is recognized by the fusiform pseudobulbs with 1 to 2 apical leaves, the inflorescence generally originates from the immature stem, rarely from the mature pseudobulb, the lip is deeply 3-lobed, and the outer margin of the lateral lobes deeply fimbriate to laciniate; the species is widespread from southern Mexico to Peru and Brazil. Epidendrum megalemnum Carnevali & G.A.Romero flowers from the mature stem and the base of the inflorescence is enveloped in 5 to 10 imbricating bracts, this species is sympatric with E. ciliare, and ranges from the lesser Antilles and northern South America. Epidendrum cilioccidentale Hágsater & L.Sánchez, from western Mexico (Sinaloa to Chiapas) is very similar to the latter, with numerous imbricating bracts, but the petals are narrow, as in E. ciliare. Epidendrum x doroteae P.H. Allen, apparently a natural hybrid between Epidendrum nocturnum Jacq. and E. ciliare produces the inflorescence from an immature stem, has larger flowers with sepals 2.8 to 3.6" [ 70 to 90 mm] long and ovary 3 to 3.6" [75 to 90 mm] long, and the lateral lobes of the lip have a serrulate to slightly fimbriate margin. Epidendrum oerstedii Rchb.f. has shorter, thicker pseudobulbs, the inflorescence is produced from the young, immature stem, the outer margin of the lip is entire, and the mid-lobe is widened at the middle." Hagsater etal 2010
Synonyms Auliza cilaris [L.] Salisb. 1812; Aulizeum cilare Lindley ex Stein ?; Coilostylis ciliaris [L.] Withner & Harding 2004; Coilostylis cuspidata (Lodd.) Withner & P.A.Harding 2004; Coilostylis emarginata Raf. 1836; Encyclia ciliaris (L.) Lemée 1955; Epidendrum ciliare var. brachysepalum Rchb.f 1847; Epidendrum ciliare var. cuspidatum (Lodd.) Lindl. 1853; Epidendrum ciliare var. minor hort. ex Stein 1892; Epidendrum ciliare var. oerstedii (Rchb. f.) L.O. Williams; Epidendrum ciliare var. squamatum Schnee 1953; Epidendrum ciliare var. typicum Stehlé 1939; Epidendrum ciliare var. viscidum (Lindl.) Lindl. 1853; Epidendrum cuspidatum Lodd. 1817; Epidendrum luteum hort. ex Planch. 1858; Epidendrum sanctalucianum H.G. Jones 1975; Epidendrum santalucianum H.G. Jones 1975; Epidendrum viscidium Lindley 1840; Phaedrosanthus ciliaris (L.) Kuntze 1904
References W3 Tropicos, Kew Monocot list , IPNI ; Bonplandia Rchb.f 1854; Bonplandia Rchb.f 1856; Symbolae Antillanae Vol VI Orchidaceae Urban 1909; Flora of Jamaica Fawcett & Rendle 1910; Die Orchideen Schlechter 1915; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 6: 68 Schlechter 1919; Atlas des Orchidees Cultivees Constantin 1920 drawing fide; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 245 Schlechter 1920; Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni. Veg. Beih. 17: 31. Panama Schlechter 1922; Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni. Veg. Beih. 19: 36. Costa Rica Schlechter 1923; Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni. Veg. Beih. 19: 211. Costa Rica Schlechter 1923; Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni. Veg. Beih. 27:169 Colombia Schlechter 1924; The Genus Epidendrum Ames 1936; Flore Descriptive des Antilles Francaises H. Stehle 1939; Flore Descriptive des Antilles Francaises H. Stehle 1939 as Epidendrum ciliare var cuspidatum; AOS Bulletin Vol 14 #3 1946 photo fide; The Orchids of Panama L.O. Williams & P Allen 1946 drawing fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 26 No 2 1957 drawing fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 27 No 6 1958 ; Orchids of Peru Vol 2 Fieldiana Schweinfurth 1959 drawing fide; Native Orchids of Trinidad Schultes 1960 ; AOS Bulletin Vol 30 No 9 1961; AOS Bulletin Vol 31 No 3 1962 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 33 No 3 1964 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 33 #4 1964 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 33 No 5 1964; Encyclopedia of Cultivated Orchids Hawkes 1965 ; Venezuelan Orchids Vol 3 Dunsterville & Garay 1965 drawing fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 35 No 10 1966 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 36 #9 1967 ; AOS Bulletin Vol 38 #4 1969 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 38 NO 6 1969; AOS Bulletin Vol 39 No 1 1970 photo; Flora de Venezuela Foldats Volumen XV Part 3 1970 drawing fide; Flora of the Lesser Antilles Garay & Sweet 1974 drawing fide; Las Orquedias De El Salvador Vol 1 Hamer 1974 drawing/photo fide; Orchidaceae Brasilense Band 1 Pabst & Dungs 1975 drawing fide; Orquideologia Vol 12 No 3/4 1977/8 photo fide; Rudolf Schlechter Die Orchideen 3 Auflage Bd 1 Sonderabdruck aus Schlechter Lieferung 9 513 - 576 Brieger, Maatsch and Senghas 1977 photo ok; Rudolf Schlechter Die Orchideen 3 Auflage Bd 1 Sonderabdruck aus Schlechter Lieferung 9 513 - 576 Brieger, Maatsch and Senghas 1977 as Auliza ciliaris photo fide; Rudolf Schlechter Die Orchideen 3 Auflage Bd 1 Sonderabdruck aus Schlechter Lieferung 9 513 - 576 Brieger, Maatsch and Senghas 1977 as Auliza ciliaris var cuspidatum photo fide; Orquideologia Vol 12 No 2/3 1977/8 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 48 No 5 1979; Orquídea (Mexico City), n.s., 7[3]: 1979; Orchids of Venezuela, An Illustrated Field Guide Vol 1 Dunsterville & Garay 1979 drawing fide; Las Orquedias de El Salvador Vol 3 Hamer 1981 drawing fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 56 #3 1987 as Epidendrum cilare photo fide; An Introdution to the Orchids of Mexico Wiard 1987 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 57 #1 1988 photo fide; Selbyana Vol 10 Orchids of Central America Hamer 1988 drawing fide; Orchids Travel By Air A Pictoral Safari Mulder, Mulder-Roelfsema and Schuiteman 1990 photo fide; A Guide to Orchids of the World Hodgson, Paine and Anderson 1991 ciliare photo fide; Inventaire Taxominique des Plantes de la Guyane Francaise Vol II Les Orchidaceaes Cremers and Hoff 1992; The Manual Of Cultivated Orchid Species Bechtel, Cribb & Launert 1992 photo fide; The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Orchids Pridgeon 1992 photo fide; The Orchids of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands Ackerman 1992 drawing fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 62 No 10 1993 postage stamp fide; Field Guide to the Orchids of Costa Rica and Panama Dressler 1993 photo fide; Manual Of Orchids Stewart 1995 drawing fide; Venezuela, Paraiso de Orquideas Romero 1997 photo fide; Guatemala Y Sus Orquideas Behar & Tinschert 1998 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 72 No 4 2003 photo; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 711 Dodson 1982 drawing fide; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum plate 918 Dodson 1984 drawing fide; Flora Novo-Galaciana Vol 16 McVaugh 1985; The Orchids of Surinam Werkhoven 1986 as Aulizia ciliaris photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 56 No 3 1987 photo; AOS Bulletin Vol 57 No 1 1988 photo; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum plate 1431 Atwood 1992 drawing fide; Icones Orchidacearum Peruviarum plate 041 Bennett and Christenson 1993 drawing fide; Orchids of Brazil McQueen 1993 photo fide; Native Colombian Orchids Vol 5 COS 1994 photo fide; An Orchid Flora Of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands Ackerman 1995 drawing fide; Venezuela Paraiso de Orquideas Romero 1997 photo fide; Guatemala Y Sus Orquideas Behar & Tinschert 1998 photo fide; Orchids of Venezuela [An illustrated field guide] Vol. 1 Ramiro and Carnevali 2000 ciliare drawing fide; Native Ecuadorian Orchids Vol 2 Dodson 2001 photo fide; Rudolf Schlechter Die Orchideen Band 1C lieferung 42 - 43 pg 2626 - 2762 Brieger 2001; Harvard Pap. Bot. 5 #2: Carnevali etal. 2001; Orquideas del Estado de Morelos ORQUÍDEA (MÉX.) VOLUMEN 16 NÚMERO ÚNICO enero 2002 drawing/photo fide; Botanica's Orchids Laurel Glen 2002 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 72 No 3 2003 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 72 No 4 2003 photo; Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica Hammel, Grayum, Herrera and Zamora 2003 ; Orquideas Nativas del Tachira Cesar Fernandez 2003 photo fide; Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana Vol 7 Steyermark, Berry, Yatskievych and Holst 2003; Machu Picchu Orchids Christenson 2003; Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana Vol 7 Steyermark, Berry, Yatskievych and Holst 2003 as Epidendrum ciliare var squamatum; Australian Orchid Review Vol 69 No 4 2004; Australian Orchid Review Vol 69 No 4 2004 as C cuspidata; Orchids of Bolivia Vol 2 Laelinae Vasquez and Ibisch 2004; The Cattleyas and Their Relatives, the Debateable Epidendrum Withner and Harding 2004 as Coilostylis ciliaris photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 74 No 10 2005 photo fide; Orchids of Mexico Hagsater, Soto, Salazar, Jimenez, Lopez and Dressler 2005 photo fide; Flora's Orchids Nash & La Croix 2005 photo fide; Vanishing Beauty, Native Costa Rican Orchids Vol 1 Pupulin 2005 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 77 No 6 2008 photo fide; Icones Orchidacearum Vol 11 Plate 1110 Hagsater & Sanchez 2008 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 11 Plate 1119 Hagsater 2008 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 11 Plate 1151 Hagsater 2008 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 11 Plate 1168 Hagsater 2008 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 11 Plate 1198 Hagsater 2008 see recognition section; AOS Bulletin Vol 78 #6 2009 photo fide; Orchid Species of Peru Zelenko Bermudez 2009 photo fide; Orchids of Costa Rica Vol 1 Morales 2009 photo fide; Orchid Digest Vol 74 #2 2010 photo fide; Icones Orchidacearum 13 Plate 1317 Hagsater 2010 drawing fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 80 #4 2011 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 81 #6 2012 photo fide; Orchids of French Guiana Szlachetko, Veyret, etal 2012 drawing/photo fide; Guia de Orquideas de Chiapas Carlos Rommel Beutelspacher Baigts 2013 photo fide; Le Petit Larousse des Orquidees Lecoufle, Barthelemy and Schmidt 2013; Icones Orchidacearum 14 Plate 1483 Hagsater & Sanchez 2013 see recognition section; Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles Ackerman 2014; Orchid Digest Vol 80 #2 2016 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 86 #2 2017 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 86 #8 2017 photo fide; Orquideas, Tesoro de Colombia Vol 2 Ortiz & Uribe 2017 photo fide; Icones Orchidacearum 16[1] Plate 1617 Hagsater & Santiago 2018 See Recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 16[1] Plate 1641 Hagsater & Sanchez 2018 see recognition section; Orchid Genera and Species in Guatemala Archila, Szlachchetko, Chiron, Lipinska, Mystkowska and Bertolini 2018; AOS Bulletin Vol 88 #5 2019 ciliare photo fide;
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Coilostylis ciliaris [L.] var Saba Withner & Harding 2004
Found on the island of Saba in the Caribbean and differs from the norm with the bronze colored flowers and in the amount of flowers, 9 to 12 instead of the normal 5 to 7 flowers.
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![Coilostylis ciliaris [L.] var Saba Withner & Harding 2004](orphotdir/coilciliarissaba.jpg){kind=link}