Cymbidium ensifolium [L]Swartz 1799 SECTION Jensoa [Raf.] Schlechter 1924

Photo courtesy of Oak Hill Gardens.

Common Name Cymbidium With The Sword Shaped Leaves - In Thailand - Chulan - In Japan Suruga-ran - Shiiran - In China Jian Lan

Flower Size 2 3/4" [6.5 cm]

Found in Japan, China, Vietnam , Cambodia, Laos, Hong Kong to Sumatra and Java in evergreen broadleafed plateau forests in soils dampened by mists and splash along steep watercourses or on mossy limestone rocks as a lithophyte at elevations of sea level to 1500 meters as a medium sized, hot to cool growing terrestrial species with small pseudobulbs enveloped completely by imbricating leaf-bearing sheaths each carrying 3 to 4, strap-shaped, thin, acute, sometimes variegated leaves and blooms in the summer and fall on a basal, erect, 12" [30 cm] long, racemose scape that has a few to many [3 to 9], long-lasting, fragrantnarcissus scented flowers.

Synonyms Cymbidium albomarginatum Makino 1912; Cymbidium arrogans Hayata 1914; Cymbidium ensifolium f. arcuatum T.C.Yen 1964; Cymbidium ensifolium f. falcatum T.C.Yen 1964; Cymbidium ensifolium f. flaccidior Makino in Y.Iinuma 1912; Cymbidium ensifolium subsp. acuminatum (M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones) P.J.Cribb & Du Puy 2007; Cymbidium ensifolium var. misericors (Hayata) T.P.Lin 1977; Cymbidium ensifolium var. rubrigemmum (Hayata) T.S.Liu & H.J.Su 1978; Cymbidium ensifolium var. striatum Lindl. 1837; Cymbidium ensifolium var. susin T.C.Yen 1964; Cymbidium ensifolium var. xiphiifolium (Lindl.) S.S.Ying 1990; Cymbidium ensifolium var. yakibaran (Makino) Y.S.Wu & S.C.Chen 1980; Cymbidium gonzalesii Quisumb. 1940; Cymbidium gyokuchin Makar. 1912; Cymbidium gyokuchin var. arrogans (Hayata) S.S.Ying 1977; Cymbidium gyokuchin var. soshin Makino 1912; Cymbidium kanran var. misericors (Hayata) S.S.Ying 1977; Cymbidium koran Makino 1912; Cymbidium micans Schau. 1843; Cymbidium misericors Hayata 1914; Cymbidium misericors var. oreophilum Hayata 1914; Cymbidium niveomarginatum Makino 1912; Cymbidium prompovenium Z.J.Liu & J.N.Zhang 1998; Cymbidium rubrigemmum Hayata 1916; Cymbidium shimaran Makino 1912; Cymbidium xiphiifolium Lindl. 1821; Cymbidium yakibaran Makino, Iiinuma 1912; Cymbidium yongfuense Z.J.Liu & J.N.Zhang 1998; *Epidendrum ensifolium L. 1753; Jensoa ensata Raf. 1836; Limodorum ensatum Thunb. 1784

References W3 Tropicos, Kew Monocot list , IPNI ; Bonplandia Rchb.f 1855; Bonplandia Rchb.f 1855 as C xiphiifolium; Otia Botanica Hamburgensia Rchb.f 1878; Die Orchideen Von Java J.J.Sm. 1905; Die Orchideen Von Java Figuren Atlas J.J.Sm. 1908 drawing fide; Die Orchideen Schlechter 1915; Flora of Malaya Vol 1 Holttum 1957 drawing ok; AOS Bulletin Vol 29 No 11 1960 as C niveo-marginatum photo fide; The Orchids of Thailand Seidenfaden & Smitinand 1961 drawing ok; The Orchids of Thailand Seidenfaden & Smitinand 1965 corrections drawing ok; Encyclopedia of Cultivated Orchids Hawkes 1965 photo fide; Encyclopedia of Cultivated Orchids Hawkes 1965 as C gonzalesii; AOS Bulletin Vol 38 #11 1969; Orchids of Southern Ryukyu Islands Garay & Sweet 1974; Beautiful Thai Orchid Species Kamemoto & Sagarik 1975 photo fide; Indian Orchids Guide to Identification and Culture Vol 2 Pradhan 1979 drawing fide; Orchid Digest Vol 44 No 5 1980 photo fide; The Complete Writings on Philippine Orchids Vol 1 Quisumbing 1981 drawing/photo fide; Opera Botanica #72 Orchid Genera in Thailand XI Cymbidiaeae Seidenfaden 1983 drawing fide; Orchid Digest Vol 48 No 3 1984 photo fide; Orchid Digest Vol 48 No 3 1984 as C sundaicum photo fide; Orchidiana Philipiniana Vol 1 Valmayor 1984; AOS Bulletin Vol 56 No 2 1987 photo fide; Orchids of Java Comber 1990 photo ok; Orchid Digest Vol 55 No 2 1991 photo fide; Rudolf Schlechter Die Orchideen Band 1B lieferung 25 1520 - 1584 Brieger 1991 drawing fide; The Orchids of Penninsular Malaysia and Singapore Seidenfaden & Wood 1992 drawing/photo fide; The Manual of Cultivated Orchids Bechtel, Cribb, Launert 1992 drawing ok?; The Plants of Mount Kinabalu Vol 2 Orchids Wood Beaman & Beaman 1993; Orchid Digest Vol 58 No 2 1994 photo fide; A Checklist of the Orchids of Borneo Wood & Cribb 1994 drawing hmm; Identification of the Orchids [Orchidaceae Juss.] Vietnam Averyanov 1994; AOS Bulletin Vol 65 No 9 1996 photo fide; Orchid Digest Vol 60 #3 1996 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 66 No 5 1997 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 66 No 11 1997 photo fide; Wild Orchids of China Tsi, Chen Mori 1997; Orchids Australia Vol 10 No 5 1998; Orchids Australia Vol 10 No 5 1998 as C arrogans; Orchids Australia Vol 10 No 5 1998 as C gyokuchin; Orchids Australia Vol 10 No 5 1998 as C rubrigemmum; AOS Bulletin Vol 68 No 7 1999 photo; Lindleyana Vol 15 No 4 2000; AOS Bulletin Vol 69 No 4 2000 photo fide; Orchids of Sumatra Comber 2001; A to Z of South East Asian Orchid Species Vol 1 O'Byrne 2001 photo fide; A field Guide to the Wild Orchids of Thailand Vaddhanaphuti 2001 photo fide; Orchid Digest Vol 66 #3 2002 photo fide; Orchid Digest Vol 66 #3 2002 as C ensifolim fma albumphoto fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 73 No 10 2004 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 74 No 1 2005 photo fide; A field Guide to the Wild Orchids of Thailand Vaddhanaphuti 2005 photo fide; The Genus Cymbidium Du Puy & Cribb 2007 photo/drawing fide; Orchids of India A Glimpse Misra 2007; A Field Guide to the Orchids of China Singchi, Zhongjian, Yibo, Xiaohua and Zhanhuo 2009 photo fide; Wild Orchids of the Cameron Highlands REACH 2009 photo fide; Flora of China Vol 25 Zhengyi, Raven & Deyuan 2009; Flora of China Vol 25 Illustrations Zhengyi, Raven & Deyuan 2010 drawing fide; The Atlas of Wild Orchids in Hainan Island, China Shenyan and Junmei 2010 photo hmm; The Wild Orchids in Yunnan Xu Xiang Ye & Liu 2010 photos fide; Orchid Digest Vol 76 #3 2012 photo fide; The Orchids of Mount Kinabalu Vol 2 Wood, Beaman, Lamb, Chu Lun and Beaman 2011; Wild Orchids of Penninsular Malaysia Ong, O'Byrne, Yong & Saw 2011 photo fide; The Wild Orchids of Hong Kong Barretto, Cribb and Gale 2011 drawing/photo fide; Orchid Digest Vol 80 #2 2016; AOS Bulletin Vol 85 #1 2016 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 85 #5 2016 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 85 #11 2016 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 86 # 7 2017 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Supplement Cymbidiums Vol 87 #10 2018 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 88 #11 2019 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 89 #11 2020 drawing fide; Atlas of Native Orchids of China Vol 2 Jin Xiaohua, Li Jianwu and Ye Deping 2019 photo fide;

Cymbidium ensifolium var album [L]Swartz 1799

Photo by Tan Eng Tiek

An albino form of the previous species.

Cymbidium ensifolium var Kuan Yin Susin [L]Swartz 1799

Photo courtesy of First Ray Orchids

to LATE

A variety of the previous species

References W3 Tropicos, Kew Monocot list , IPNI ; AOS Bulletin Vol 69 No 4 2000 photo;

Cymbidium ensifolium var. Si Ji Lan [L]Swartz 1799

Photo courtesy of First Ray Orchids

to LATE

A variety of the previous species.

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