Epidendrum holochilum (Schltr.) Mansf. ex Hágsater 2019 GROUP Amblostoma SUBGROUP Amblostomoides

Drawing

TYPE Photo by © A. G. Díaz H/TYPE Drawing by © R Jimenez M and The AMO Herbario Website

LATE EARLY

Common Name The Small Flowered Scaphyglottis

Flower Size 1/6" [4 mm]

Found only in northern Peru in montane forests on the eastern slopes of the Andes, in the canyons of the Huallaga, Tarma and Chanchamayo rivers as a medium sized, cool growing epiphyte at elevations of 1050 to 1900 meters with simple, produced from the base of the previous stem, cane-like, terete, thin, slightly thickened-fusiform, the basal half covered by 2 to 3 sheaths, appressed, papyraceous, obtuse, the last with a small foliose blade to .4" [1 cm] long and carrying 2 to 5, aggregate towards the apex of the stem, alternate, erect-spreading; foliar sheaths to 1.2" [3 cm] long, tubular; blade articulate, narrowly linear-lanceolate, acuminate, sub-coriaceous, margin entire leaves that blooms in the summer, fall and early winter on a terminal, without a spathe, peduncle .36 to .52" [0.9 to 1.3 cm] long, short, terete; rachis terete, straight, 3.2 to 8" [8 to 20 cm] long, apical, racemose to paniculate with up to 6 branches, sub-erect, slightly longer than the longest leaf, flowering only once, simultaneously 20 to 46 flowered inflorescence with somewhat shorter than the ovary, triangular-lanceolate, acuminate embracing floral bracts and carrying very small, resupinate, pale yellow flowers with the fragrance not registered.

"Epidendrum holochilum belongs to the 2019 GROUP Amblostoma SUBGROUP Amblostomoides which is recognized by the slightly fusiform thickened stems and branching inflorescence bearing small flower with an entire lip. The species is recognized by acuminate leaves 2 to 8" x .2 to .52" [5 to 20 x 0.5 to 1.3 cm], small pale yellow flowers, sepals .11" to .12" x .048" [2.75 to 3.0 x 1.2 mm], and a cordiform, entire lip with 3 parallel calli continued into 3 low ribs. Epidendrum appendiculatum T.Hashim. also from the Chanchamayo valley has proportionately narrower leaves to 9.6" x .38" [24 x 0.95 cm], flowers lemon-yellow, sepals .14 x .04 to .06" [3.5 x 1.0 to 1.5 mm], lip 3-lobed, lateral lobes erect, dolabriform and mid-lobe semi-ovate, apically rounded, with a large quadrate callus on the lower half of the mid-lobe. Epidendrum septumspinae D.E.Benn. & Christenson, also from the Chanchamayo Valley, has smaller plants, leaves 4 to 4.8" x .32" [10 to 12 x 0.8 cm], golden yellow-orange sepals with a pale green carinate apex, and yellow petals and lip, sepals .1 x .056 to .06" [2.5 x 1.4 to 1.5 mm], and lip 3-lobed, lateral lobes small, triangular, and mid-lobe hemi-orbicular, acuminate." Hagsater etal 2019

CAUTION!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! All references below that do not occur in Peru represent another Epidendrum species which we don't have information on at this time. [Pers Comm Hagsater 6 2020]

Synonyms *Amblostoma holochilum Schltr. 1912; Amblostoma micranthum Benth. 1881; Epidendrum micranthum Lindl. 1841; Hexadesmia micrantha Lindl. 1844; Pseudohexadesmia micrantha 1976; Scaphyglottis micrantha (Lindl.) Ames & Correll 1942

References W3 Tropicos, Kew Monocot list , IPNI ; Edwards's Bot. Reg. 30: Misc. 2. 1844 as Hexadesmia micarantha; Xenia Orchidaceae Rchb.f 1854 as Hexadesmia micrantha drawing; Die Orchideen Schlechter 1915 as Hexidesmia micrantha; Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni. Veg. Beih. 19: 24. Costa Rica Schlechter 1923 as Hexadesmia micrantha; Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni. Veg. Beih. 19: 206. Costa Rica Schlechter 1923 as Hexadesmia micrantha; Bot. Mus. Leafl. 10(4): 85. 1942 as Epidendrum micranthum; The Orchids of Panama L.O. Williams & P Allen 1946 as Epidendrum micranthum; Iconografia de Orchidaceae Do Brasil Hoehne 1949 as Hexadesmia micrantha drawing fide; Orchids of Peru Vol 2 Fieldiana Schweinfurth 1959 as Epidendrum micranthum; AOS Bulletin Vol 32 No 3 1963 as Hexadesmia micrantha photo ok; Las Orquedias De El Salvador Vol 1 Hamer 1974 as Hexidesmia micrantha drawing/photo fide; Die Orchideen 3 Auflage Bd 1 Sonderabdruck aus Schlechter Lieferung 8 449 - 512 Brieger, Maatsch and Senghas 1976 as Pseudohexadesmia micrantha photo/drawing fide; Las Orquedias de El Salvador Vol 3 Hamer 1981 as Hexadesmia micrantha drawing fide; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 776 Dodson 1982 as Hexadesmia micrantha drawing fide; Selbyana Vol 10 Orchids of Central America Hamer 1988 as Hexadesmia micrantha drawing fide; Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica Vol 3 Hammel, Grayum, Herrera and Zamora 2003 as Epidendrum micranthum; Orchids of Bolivia Vol II Laelinae Vasquez & Ibisch 2004 as E micranthoides; * Icones Orchidacearum 17(1) Plate 1727 Hagsater & Jimenez 2019 drawing/photo fide; Icones Orchidacearum 18(1) plate 1820 2020 see recognition section

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------