Epidendrum bangii Rolfe 1907GROUP Macrostachyum SUBGROUP Macrostachyum
Photo /Drawing by by © I Jimenez and The AMO Herbaria Website
Photos by © Roberto Angulo
Common Name The Large Inflorescence Epidendrum
Flower Size .6" [1.5 cm]
Found from Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia at elevations of 1400 to 3800 meters as a medium sized, cool to cold growing epiphyte or terrestrial in very damp, mossy cloud forests with a short rhizome giving rise to erect cane-like stems completely enveloped by lightly scabrous sheaths that are evanescent below and become leaf-bearing above and carrying several, distichous, somewhat rugose above, smooth below, linear, acute, clasping below leaves that blooms in the winter and spring on a terminal, racemose, erect, many flowered, slightly compressed inflorescence carrying fleshy flowers.
These three GROUP Macrostachyum SUBGROUP Macrostachyum orchids were found in Colombia in the department of Cauca on el Vulcan de Purace at elevations of 1800 to 3600 meters as a medium sized, cool to cold growing epiphyte that bloomed in the spring on a many successively single flowered inflorescence.
" Epidendrum bangii belongs to the GROUP Macrostachyum SUBGROUP Macrostachyum, which is characterized by the monopodial plants with sub-apical branching, rugose leaf sheaths, large leaves generally spreading, racemose, erect inflorescence, and fleshy flowers generally green to black (ripe olive colored), as well as yellow to pink to purple, with an entire, conduplicate, generally ecallose and pubescent lip embracing the column, and the nectary pubescent to papillose in front of the stigmatic cavity and at least at the base of the lip. The species is recognized by the narrowly lanceolate leaves 2 to 5.6" x .52 to .96" [5 to 14 x 1.3 to 2.4 cm], short inflorescence 2 to 5.6" [5 to 14 cm] long with the rachis straight to slightly flexuous, basically distichous, the flowers secund, the 6 to 15 flowers generally greenish purple or greenish yellow, with the lip sometimes reddish towards the base, large lateral sepals .64 to 32" x .72 to .32" [16 to 18 x 6 to 8 mm], the apex of the floral segments acuminate, petals linear, single veined, oblique, and the lip narrowly triangular with the base cordate. Epidendrum dermatanthum Kraenzl., has linear-oblong leaves 3.4 to 7.2" x .6 to 1.6" [8.5 to 18 x 1.5 to 4 cm], flowers of similar size but reddish brown, petals linear-lanceolate, 3-veined. Epidendrum rostrigerum Rchb.f. has oblong elliptic leaves 1.6 to 3.6 x .8 to 1.2" [4 to 9 x 2 to 3 cm], the inflorescence with a straight rachis has up to 22 flowers similar in color but smaller, sepals .36 to .44" [9 to 1 mm] long, the apex of the anther surpassing the apex of the column, and the lip lunate, nearly semi-orbicular. Epidendrum macrostachyum Lindl. has elongate, pyramidal inflorescences ca. 6.4 to 12" [16 to 30 cm] long, flower the color of ripe olives, black-brown, sepals .44 to .46" x .2 to .24" 11.0-11.5 x 5-6 mm, the apices of the floral segments obtuse, petals oblong, and the lip widely cordiform." Hagsater etal 2015
Synonyms
References W3 Tropicos, Kew Monocot list , IPNI ;
CAUTION All references below to E macrostachyum may be wrong, they could be E chondrochilum as this is the name of the real E macrostachyum. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 248 Schlechter 1920; Venezuelan Orchids illustrated Vol 5 Dunsterville & Garay 1972 as E macrostachyum drawing fide; Orchids of Venezuela, An Illustrated Field Guide Vol 1 Dunsterville & Garay 1979 as E macrostachyum drawing fide; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 532 Dodson & Vasquez 1982 as E macrostachyum drawing fide; Native Colombian Orchids Vol 2 COS 1991 as E macrostachyum photo fide; Field Guide to the Orchids of Costa Rica and Panama Dressler 1993; Icones Orchidacearum 2 Plate 147 Hagsater 1993 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 2 Plate 163 Hagsater 1993 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 2 Plate 168 Hagsater 1993 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 2 Plate 169 Hagsater 1993 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 2 Plate 171 Hagsater 1993 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 3 Plate 317 Hagsater & Sanchez 1999 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 3 Plate 335 Hagsater 1999 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 3 Plate 389 Hagsater 1999 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 4 Plate 458 Hagsater 1999 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 4 Plate 491 Hagsater 1999 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Orchids of Venezuela [An illustrated field guide] Vol. 1 Ramiro and Carnevali 2000 as E macrostachyum drawing fide; Native Ecuadorian Orchids Vol 2 Dodson 2001 as E macrostachyum drawing ok; Orquideas Nativas del Tachira Cesar Fernandez 2003 as E macrostachyum photo fide; Machu Picchu Orchids Christenson 2003 as E macrostachyum photo fide; Icones Orchidacearum 7 Plate 707 Hagsater 2004 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 7 Plate 776 Hagsater 2004 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 7 Plate 790 Hagsater 2004 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 7 Plate 798 Hagsater 2004 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Orchids of Bolivia Vol 2 Laelinae Vasquez and Ibisch 2004 as E macrostachyum; Orquideologia 24: 3 Ortiz & Hagsater 2005 as E macrostachyum; Icones Orchidacearum 8 Plate 853 Hagsater 2006 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 11 Plate 1174 Hagsater 2008 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 13 Plate 1378 Hagsater 2010 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 14 Plate 1433 Hagsater & Santiago 2013 See recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 14 Plate 1454 Hagsater etal 2013as E macrostachyum Hagsater 2013; Icones Orchidacearum 14 Plate 1471 Hagsater & Sanchez 2013 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Orchids of the Department of Valle De Cauca Colombia Vol 2 Kolanowska, Hagsater etal. 2014 as E macrostachyum drawing/photo fide; Orchids of Tropical America Meisel 2014 photo fide; Icones Orchidacearum 15 Plate 1503 Hagsater & Santiago 2015 drawing/photo fide; Icones Orchidacearum 15 [1] Plate 1505 Hagsater & Sanchez 2015 as E macrostachyumsee recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 15 [1] Plate 1509 Hagsater & Sanchez 2015 as E macrastacyum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 15 [1] Plate 1510 Hagsater & Sanchez 2015 as E macrostachyumsee recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 15 [1] Plate 1514 Hagsater & Sanchez 2015 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 15 [1] Plate 1519 Hagsater & Sanchez 2015 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 15 [1] Plate 1521 Hagsater & Sanchez 2015 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 15 [1] Plate 1538 Hagsater & Sanchez 2015 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 15 [1] Plate 1544 Hagsater & Sanchez 2015 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 15 [1] Plate 1545 Hagsater & Sanchez 2015 as E macrostachyum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 15 [1] Plate 1550 Hagsater & Sanchez 2015 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 15 [1] Plate 1560 Hagsater & Sanchez 2015 see recognition section; AOS Bulletin Vol 85 #10 2016 as E humeadorense photo fide;
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