Epidendrum rugulosum Schltr. 1920 GROUP Aquaticum
Photo by J S Moreno/ Drawing by © R Jimenez M and The AMO Herbaria Website
Photo by © Ecuagenera
Original Drawing by © Padre Pedro Ortiz Conserved at the Herbario de la Universidad Javeriana, Bogota Colombia
Common Name The Wrinkled Epidendrum
Flower Size 1/2" [1.25 cm]
Found in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru on the Cordillera Central and the Cordillera Occidental of the Andes at elevations around 900 to 2760 meters as a small to medium sized, warm to cold growing epiphyte with an erect, cane-like, branching and rebranching, terete, erect, straight stem enveloped completely by imbricating, leaf bearing sheaths and carrying all along the primary stem, larger on the branches, 3 to 9 on the branches, leaf-sheath tubular, minutely striated, rugoseerect-spreading, alternate, coriaceous, linear, lanceolate, obtuse, dorsally rugose, ventrally glaucous, with a dorsal keel, minutely apiculate, margin apically crenulate, articulate to the sheaths below leaves that blooms at most any time of the year on a terminal, without a spathe, occurring only once, occasionally producing a new short raceme from the base of the peduncle and thus paniculate, erect, distichous, peduncle .4" [1 cm] long, rachis 1.8 to 4" [4.5 to 10 cm] long, zigzag, 2 to 4.8" [5 to 12 cm] long overall, somewhat laxly, simultaneously 7 to 13 flowered inflorescence with distichous, sub-spatheaceous, patent, elliptic, acuminate, much longer than the ovary floral bracts and carrying fleshy, non-resupinate flowers with the lip always facing the rachis.
"Epidendrum rugulosum belongs to the GROUP Aquaticum which is characterized by the monopodial, branching habit, the distichous, erect inflorescence carrying fleshy flowers, and the disc of the lip and/or nectary often pilose. The species is recognized by the lanceolate leaves 1.4 to 6.8" x .4 to -76" [3.5 to 17 x 1 to 1.8 cm], rugose above, glaucous beneath, inflorescences erect, distichous, usually racemose, sepals partly spreading, .36 to .48" [9 to 12 mm] long, petals linear and reflexed, lip 3-lobed, lateral lobes hemi-elliptic, mid-lobe triangular-lanceolate. Epidendrum lindae Hágsater has oblong-elliptic leaves .4 to 1.2" [1 to 3 cm] wide, generally paniculate inflorescences, the floral bracts recurved, sepals .24 to .28" [6 to 7 mm] long, lateral lobes of the lip obliquely sub-quadrate. Epidendrum lindamazonicum Hágsater & G.Calatayud has much shorter leaves, narrowly lanceolate-elliptic, .6 to 1.4" x .16 to .28" [1.5 to 3.5 x 0.4 to 0.7 cm], racemose, laxly few-flowered inflorescences, spreading sepals .32 " [8 mm] long, lateral lobes of the lip sub-quadrate and much larger than the mid-lobe. Epidendrum stenocalymmum Hágsater & G.Calatayud has ovate to narrowly lanceolate leaves .48 to 1.24" x .36 to .48" 1.2-3.1 x 0.9 to 1.2 cm}, inflorescences shorter, to 2 to 3" [5 to 7.5 cm] long, sepals obliquely ovate, .36 to .4" [9 to 10 mm] long, petals partly spreading, oblanceolate, and the lip entire, cuneate with the apex rounded and minutely apiculate." Hagsaer 2015
Synonyms Epidendrum carnosiflorum C.Schweinf. 1943
References W3 Tropicos, Kew Monocot list , IPNI ; *Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 147 Schlechter 1920; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 251 Schlechter 1920; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. Figuren-Atlas 57: 199 Schlechter 1929 drawing fide; Orchids of Peru Vol 2 Fieldiana Schweinfurth 1959 as E carnosiflorum drawing fide; Bot Notiser 130 Lojtnant 1977 as E carnosiflorum ; Native Colombian Orchids Vol 5 COS 1994 as E carnosiflorum photo fide; Icones Orchidacearum 3 Plate 345 Hagsater & Sanchez 1999 see recognition section; Native Ecuadorian Orchids Vol 2 Dodson 2001 photo fide; Icones Orchidacearum 7 Plate 717 Hagsater and Sanchez 2004 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 13 Plate 1311 Hagsater & Sanchez 2010 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 13 Plate 1348 Hagsater 2010 ascarnosiflorum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 13 Plate 1340 Hagsater & Sanchez 2010 see recognition section ?; Orchids of the Department of Valle De Cauca Colombia Vol 2 Kolanowska, Hagsater etal. 2014; Icones Orchidacearum 15(1) Plate 1557 Hagsater & Santiago 2015 drawing/photo fide; Orquideas, Tesoro de Colombia Vol 2 Ortiz & Uribe 2017 drawing/photo fide; Icones Orchidacearum 17(1) Plate 1785 Hagsater & Jimenez 2019 see recognition section;
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