Habenaria trifida Kunth 1816 SECTION Pentadactylae Urban
Plant and Flowers in situ Bahia Brazil
Photos by © A. V. Popovkin, Bahia, Brazil. and His 'Orchids of the Restinga area of Bahia, Brazil', Website
What was H flexa and H kuhlmannii
What was H biflora and H allemanii
What was H setifera and H pickellii
Drawings by © Hoehne and The Swiss Orchid Foundation at the Jany Renz Herbaria Website
Common Name The Three Pointed Habenaria
Flower Size .8" [2 cm]
Found in Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Trinidad & Tobago, Fr Guiana, Surinam, Guyana, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil and Argentina in mangrove swamps, grassy areas and in lowland savannas at elevations of 800 to 1625 meters as a small to medium sized, warm to cool growing terrestrial orchid with an erect stem completely enveloped by leaf bearing sheaths carrying 4 to 8, narrow, acuminate, erect to patent, basally clasping leaves that blooms in the summer and fall on a terminal, 2 to 6" [5 to 15 cm] long, 1 to 3 flowered inflorescence with shorter than the ovary floral bracts.
A variable species in both plant and flower structure so I have put forward some drawings of some of the species that are considered to be synonyms of this species.
Synonyms Bonatea pauciflora Lindl. 1835; Habenaria allemanii Barb.Rodr. 1881; Habenaria angustifolia Kunth 1816; Habenaria caracasana Schltr 1919; Habenaria curti-bradei Hoehne 1937; Habenaria dentirostris Pabst 1955; Habenaria duckeana Schltr. 1925; Habenaria endresiana Schltr. 1923; Habenaria flexa Rchb.f. ex Kraenzl. 1893; Habenaria flexa var. rodriguesii Cogn. 1893; Habenaria flexuosa Rchb.f. 1965; Habenaria gehrtii Hoehne & Schltr. 1921; Habenaria hoehnei Schltr. 1921; Habenaria kuhlmannii Schltr. 1925; Habenaria pauciflora (Lindl.) Rchb.f. 1854; Habenaria pauciflora var. pluriflora Cogn. 1907; Habenaria pickelii Hoehne 1937; Habenaria setifera Lindl. 1839; Habenaria spathacea A.Rich. & Galeotti 1845; Orchis longicornu Salzm. ex Lindl 1835; Rhinorchis kuhlmannii (Schltr.) Szlach. 2012; Rhinorchis pauciflora (Lindl.) Szlach 2012; Rhinorchis pickelii (Hoehne) Szlach. 2012; Rhinorchis trifida (Kunth) Szlach. 2012;
References W3 Tropicos, Kew Monocot list , IPNI ;
* Nov. Gen. Sp. 1: 330 HBK 1816
Nov. Gen. Sp. 1: 330 HBK 1816 as H angustifolia;
Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 328 Lindley 1835 as Bonatea flexuosa
Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 329 Lindley 1835 as Bonatea pauciflora
Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 329 Salzm. ex Lindley 1835 as Orchis longicornu pro syn.;
Ann. Nat. Hist. 4: 381 Lindley 1839 as H setifera
Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 3: 29 A.Rich. & Galeotti 1845 as H spathacea;
Bonplandia (Hannover) 2: 10 Rchb.f 1854 as H spathacea;
Bonplandia (Hannover) 2: 10 Rchb.f 1854 as H pauciflora;
Flora 48: 180 Rchb.f 1865 as H flexuosa nom. illeg.
Flora 48: 180 Rchb.f 1865 as H pauciflora
Gen. Spec. Orchid. 1: 151 Barb Rodr 1877 as H biflora;
Gen. Spec. Orchid. 2: 254 Lindley 1882 as H allemanii
Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 16: 97 Rchb.f ex Kraenzlin 1892 as H flexa;
Fl. Bras. 3(4): 38 Cogniaux 1893 as H flexa var rodriguezii;
Fl. Bras. 3(4): tab3 fig 2 Cogniaux 1893 as H flexa var rodriguezii drawing fide;
Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 43: 270 Cogniaux 1907 as H pauciflora var pluriflora;
Symbolae Antillanae Vol VI: 303 Orchidaceae Urban 1909 as H setifera;
Studies in the Family Orchidaceae Vol 4: 209 Ames 1910 as H setifera
Studies in the Family Orchidaceae Vol 4: Plate 69 Ames 1910 as H setifera drawing good;
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 6: 26 Venezuela Schlechter 1919 as H caracasana;
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 209 Colombia Schlechter 1920 as H setifera;
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 209 Colombia Schlechter 1920;
Anexos Mem. Inst. Butantan, Secç. Bot. 1(2): 17 Schlechter 1921 as H hoehnei;
Anexos Mem. Inst. Butantan, Secç. Bot. 1(2): 17 Schlechter 1921 as H gehrtii
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 9: 120 Peru Schlechter 1921as H setifera;
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 19: 272 Costa Rica Schlechter 1923 as H endresiana;
Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 42(2): 71 Schlechter 1925 as H duckeana;
Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 12(2): 72 Schlechetr 1925 as H kuhlmannii
Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 68: 130 Hoehne 1937 as H curti-bradei
Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 68: 129 Hoehne 1937 as H pickelii;
Flora Brasilica Vol XII I Hoehne 1940 drawing fide;
Flora Brasilica Vol XII I Hoehne 1940 as H curti-bradei drawing ok;
Flora Brasilica Vol XII I Hoehne 1940 as H flexa drawing ok;
Flora Brasilica Vol XII I Hoehne 1940 as H kuhlmannii drawing ok;
Flora Brasilica Vol XII I Hoehne 1940 as H pauciflora drawing ok;
Flora Brasilica Vol XII I Hoehne 1940 as H allemanii drawing ok;
Flora Brasilica Vol XII I Hoehne 1940 as H duckeana drawing ok;
Flora Brasilica Vol XII I Hoehne 1940 as H setifera drawing ok;
Flora Brasilica Vol XII I Hoehne 1940 as H pickelii drawing ok;
Flora Brasilica Vol XII I Hoehne 1940 as H gehrtii drawing ok;
The Orchids of Panama: 14 L.O. Williams & P Allen 1946 as H pauciflora;
Orchids of Guatemala: 39 Ames & Correl 1952 as H pauciflora;
Arq. Bot. Estado São Paulo, n.s., f.m., 3: 118 Pabst 1955 as H dentirostris
Orchids of Peru Vol 1: 32 Schweinfurth 1958 as H pauciflora;
Drawings of Florida Orchids Blanche Ames 1959 as H setitifera drawing fide;
Native Orchids of Trinidad Schultes 1960 as H pauciflora;
Venezuelan Orchids Illustrated Vol 2 Dunsterville & Garay 1966 drawing fide;
AOS Bulletin Vol 38 No 6 1969;
Flora de Venezuela Volumen 15 Parte 1 Foldats 1969 as H angustifolia;
Flora de Venezuela Volumen 15 Parte 1 Foldats 1969 as H pauciflora Rchb.f drawing fide;
Flora de Venezuela Volumen XV Parte 1 Lasser/Foldats 1969;
Fieldiana, Orchids of Peru 1st Supplement: 1 to Schweinfurth 1970;
Die Orchideen 3 Auflage Bd 1 Sonderabdruck aus Schlechter Lieferung 4 193 to 256 Brieger, Maatsch and Senghas 1973;
Las Orquedias De El Salvador Vol 1 Hamer 1974 drawing ok;
Orchidaceae Brasilenses Band 1 Pabst and Dungs 1975 as H allemanii drawing good;
Orchidaceae Brasilenses Band 1 Pabst and Dungs 1975 as H biflora;
Orchidaceae Brasilenses Band 1 Pabst and Dungs 1975 as H curtiibradei drawing good;
Orchidaceae Brasilenses Band 1 Pabst and Dungs 1975 as H kuhlmannii drawing ok;
Orchidaceae Brasilenses Band 1 Pabst and Dungs 1975 as H pickelii drawing good;
Orchidaceae Brasilenses Band 2 Pabst & Dungs 1977 as H biflora drawing fide;
Flora of Ecuador No 9 225[1] Garay 1978;
Orchids of Venezuela, An Illustrated Field Guide Vol 2 Dunsterville & Garay 1979 drawing fide;
Las Orquedias de El Salvador Vol 3 Hamer 1981 drawing fide;
Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 771 Hamer 1982 drawing ok;
Flora Novo Galaciana McVaugh 1985;
The Orchids of Surinam Werkhoven 1986;
Native Orchids of the Eastern Caribbean Kenny 1988 as H pauciflora photo fide;
Orchids from The Coast Of Ecuador Arosemana, Jurado, Estrada and Konanz 1988;
Selbyana Vol 10: 317 Orchids of Central America Hamer 1988 drawing fide;
Inventaire Taxonomique des Plantas de la Guyane Francaise II Les Orquidacees Cremers & Hoff 1992;
Field Guide to the Orchids of Panama and Costa Rica Dressler 1993;
Orchids of Venezuela [An illustrated field guide] Vol. 2 Ramiro and Carnevali 2000 drawing fide;
Ecuadorian Native Orchids Vol 2 Dodson 2001 photo ok;
Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana Vol 7 Steyermark, Berry, Yatskievych and Holst 2003;
Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica Vol III Hammel, Grayum, Herrera and Zamora 2003;
Orchids of Mexico Hagsater, Soto, Salazar, Jimenez, Lopez & Dressler 2005;
The Organ Mountain Range, its History and its Orchids Miller, Warren, Miller & Seehawer 2008 drawing hmm/photo good;
Orchid Species of Peru Zelenko Bermudez 2009 photo fide;
Las Orquideas del Occidente de Mexico Vol 1: 227 Jorge Roberto González Tamayo y Lizbeth Hernández Hernández 2010 drawing fide;
Richardiana 13: 77 Szlach 2012 as Rhinorchis trifida
Richardiana 13: 76 Szlach 2012 as Rhinorchis kuhlmannii;
Richardiana 13: 77 Szlach 2012 as Rhinorchis pauciflora;
Richardiana 13: 77 Szlach 2012 as Rhinorchis pickelii;
Guia de Orquideas de Chiapas Carlos Rommel Beutelspacher Baigts 2013;
Orchids of French Guiana Szlachetko, Veyret, Mytnik-ejsmont, Sawicka, Rutkowski and Baranov 2012 as Rhinorchis pauciflora;
Orchids of French Guiana Szlachetko, Veyret, Mytnik-ejsmont, Sawicka, Rutkowski and Baranov 2012 as Rhinorchis trifida drawing fide;
Orquidees du Bresil As Orquideas sa Serra do Castelo Vol 1 Chiron & Bolsanello 2015 photo/drawing fide;
Orquideas Tesoro de Colombia Vol 2 Ortiz & Uribe 2017 Drawing/photo fide;
Materials to the Orchid Flora of Colombia Vol 1: 212 Szlachetko & Kolanowska 2017 as Rhinorchis trifida drawing/photo fide;
Orchid Genera and Species in Guatemala Archila, Szlachchetko, Chiron, Lipinska, Mystkowska and Bertolini 2018 as Rhinorchis trifida;
Lankesteriana 19(3): 233-4 2019 as Habenaria kuhlmannii drawing fide
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