Malaxis excavata Kuntze 1891 SECTION Umbellatae SERIES Umbellatae
Photos by © Americo Docha Neto
Inflorescence Comparison between M parthonii and M excavata
Flower Comparison between M parthonii and M excavata
Photos by © Luiz Felipe Varella and his Flickr Orchid Photo Website
Drawing by © Dunsterville & Garay
Common Name or Meaning The Hollowed Malaxis
Flower Size 5/8" [1.5 cm ]
Found in Mexico, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Fr Guiana, Guyana, Surinam, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil and Argentina at elevations around 1000 to 3400 meters as a small sized, cool to cold growing terrestrial orchid with ovate-conical pseudobulbs that are concealed by a few leafless sheathing bracts below and above carry 2, subopposite, ovate, amplexicaule, acuminate leaves that blooms in the summer and fall in situ on a terminal, slender, 4 winged, to 4" [10 cm] long, peduculate umbellate inflorescence with a short rachis that elongates with subsequent flushes of numerous, non-resupinate flowers .
Synonyms Cheiropterocephalus sertuliferus Barb.Rodr. 1877; Epidendrum umbellatum Vell. 1827; Malaxis carpinterae (Schltr.) Ames 1922; Malaxis maguirei C.Schweinf. 1948; Malaxis ottonis (Schltr.) Carnevali & I.Ramírez 1998; Malaxis sertulifera (Barb.Rodr.) Pabst 1967; Microstylis carpinterae Schltr. 1918; *Microstylis excavata Lindl. 1838; Microstylis muelleri Schltr. 1921; Microstylis ottonis Schltr. 1922; Microstylis paranaensis Schltr. 1920; Microstylis quadrangularis Cogn. 1906; Microstylis sertulifera (Barb.Rodr.) Schltr. 1925; Microstylis spiralipetala Cogn. 1906 publ. 1907; Pycnantha orchioides Ravenna 2011
References W3 Tropicos, Kew Monocot list , IPNI
Fl. Flumin. 9: t. 23 Vel 1831 as Epidendrum umbellatum;
Edwards's Bot. Reg. 24(Misc.): 51 Lindl. 1838 as Microstylis excavata;
Beitr. Orchid.-K. C. Amer.: 101 Rchb.f 1866 as Microstylis hastilabia;
Gen. Spec. Orchid. 1: 29 Barb Rodr. 1877 as Cheiropterocephalus sertuliferus
J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 24: 225 Klotsch ex Ridl. 1888 as Microstylis caracasana;
* Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 673 Kuntze 1891;
* Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 673 Kuntze 1891 as M caracasana
* Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 673 Kuntze 1891 as M hastilabia;
Fl. Bras. 3(6): 551 Cogn. 1906 as Microstylis quadrangularis;
Fl. Bras. 3(6): tab114 Cogn. 1906 as Microstylis quadrangularis; drawing fide;
Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 43: 302 Cogn 1906 publ. 1907 as Microstylis spiralipetala
Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 79(1): 102 Porsch 1908 as Microstylis hastilabia var major;
Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 36(2): 381 Schlechter 1918 as Microstylis carpinterae;
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 16: 330 Schlechter 1920 as Microstylis paranaensis;
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 12 Schlechter 1921 as Microstylis muelleri;
Orchidaceae 7: 157 Ames 1922 as M carpinterae;
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 10: 39 Die Orchideen der Sudamerikanischen Kordillerenstaaten V Bolivia Schlechter 1922 as Microstylis ottonis;
Orchidaceae 7: 157 Ames 1922 as M carpinterae
Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni. Veg. Beih. 19: 90. Costa Rica Schlechter 1923 as Microstylis hastilabia; epert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 85: 46 Schlechetr 1925 as Microstylis sertulifera;
Schedul. Orchid. 10: 15 Ames & C Schweinfurth 1930 as M uncinata;
The Orchids of Panama L.O. Williams & P Allen 1946;
Iconografia de Orchidaceae Do Brasil Hoehne 1949 as Microstylis sertulifera drawing fide;
Venezuelan Orchids Illustrated Vol 1 Dunsterville & Garay 1959 as M caracasana drawing ok;
Venezuelan Orchids Illustrated Vol 2 Dunsterville & Garay 1961 as M caracasana drawing ok;
Orquídea (Rio de Janeiro) 29: 112 (1967 as M sertulifera;
AOS Bulletin Vol 36 #9 1967 as M caracasana;
AOS Bulletin Vol 38 No 6 1969 as M caracasana;
Flora de Venezuela Volumen XV Primera Parte Foldats 1969 drawing fide;
Orchidaceae Brasilenses Band 1 Pabst & Dungs 1975 drawing fide;
Orchidaceae Brasilenses Band 1 Pabst & Dungs 1975 as M sertulifera drawing ok;
Orchids of Venezuela, An Illustrated Field Guide Dunsterville & Garay 1979 as M caracasana drawing ok;
Orchids of Venezuela An Illustrated Field Guide Dunsterville & Garay 1979 drawing fide;
Die Orchideen Band 3 Sonderabdruck aus Schlechter Brieger, Maatsch and Senghas Liferung #13 753 - 819 Liparinae 1983 photo ok;
Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Series II Orchids of Ecuador Plate 516 Dodson as M caracasana drawing fide;
Orchids of the High Mountain Atlantic Rainforest in SE Brazil Warren & Miller 1994;
Flora de Venezuela Foldats Volumen XV Part 1 1969 drawing fide;
Icones Planetarum Tropicarum plate 521 Dodson 1989 drawing ok;
Icones Planetarum Tropicarum plate 1035 Dodson 1984 drawing ok;
The Orchids of Surinam Werkhoven 1986;
Icones Planetarum Tropicarum plate 1543 Atwood 1993 as Malaxis cf hastilabia;
Harvard Pap. Bot. 3: 246 Carnevali & I.Ramírez 1998 as M ottonis;
Icones Orchidacearum Peruviarum Plate 494 Bennett & Christenson 1998 drawing maybe;
Native Colombian Orchids Vol 6 COS 1998 photo ok;
Orchids of Venezuela [An illustrated field guide] Vol. 1 Ramiro and Carnevali 2000 as M caracasana drawing ok;
Orchids of Venezuela [An illustrated field guide] Vol. 1 Ramiro and Carnevali 2000 as M carpinterae drawing fide;
Native Ecuadorian Orchids Vol 3 COS 2002 as M caracasana drawing/photo ok;
Native Ecuadorian Orchids Vol 3 Dodson 2002 as M uncinata drawing ok;
Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica Vol 3 Hammel, Grayum, Herrera and Zamora 2003 as M carpinterae;
Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica Vol 3 Hammel, Grayum, Herrera and Zamora 2003 as M hastilabia drawing good;
Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana Vol 7 Steyermark, Berry, Yatskievych and Holst 2003 as M maguirei drawing ok;
Orchids of The Brazilian Central Plateau Menezes 2004 as M sertulifera photo fide;
Onira 12: 31 Ravenna 2011 as Pycnantha orchiodes;
Taxon. Red. Subtribe Malaxidinae: 373 Marg. 2012 as M hastilabia subsp carpinterae;
Taxon. Red. Subtribe Malaxidinae: 373 Marg. 2012 as M hastilabia var major;
Orchid Genera and Species in Guatemala Archila, Szlachchetko, Chiron, Lipinska, Mystkowska and Bertolini 2018;
Vanishing Beauty, Native Costa Rican Orchids Vol 2 Lacaena to Pteroglossa Pupulin 2020 as M uncinata photo fide;
Materials to the Orchid Flora of Colombia Vol IV:131 Szlatchetko & Kolanowska 2023 as M carpinterae drawing fide
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