Platanthera psycodes (L.) Lindl. 1835
Plant and Flowers in situ Minnesota
Photos by © David Tidaback
LATE 
Common Name Small Purple Fringed Orchid - The Lesser Purple Fringed Orchid - The Butterfly Platanthera
Flower Size 5/8" [1.7 cm]
Found as a medium to large sized, cold growing terrestrial in wet thickets, meadows, swamps and bogs from Minnesota, Wisconson, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, West Virginia, Pennsyvania, Virginia, New Jersey, New York, Massachusetts, Conneticutt, Rhode Island, Vermont, New Hampshire and Maine USA and adjoining Canada with numerous fleshy roots and 2 to 5 basal, elliptic to lanceolate, acute, keeled on the back, dark green, basally clasping leaves becoming bracts above that blooms in the late spring and summer on an long, erect, stout, leafy, 8 to 32" [20 to 80 cm] many [20 to 50] flowered, racemose inflorescence with lanceolate, acuminate, green often edged in purple, as long as the ovary floral bracts and carrying fragrant flowers.
Synonyms Blephariglottis fissa (Muhl. ex Willd.) G.Keller & Soó 1935; Blephariglottis psycodes (L.) Rydb. 1901; Blephariglottis psycodes f. albiflora (Ralph Hoffm.) Baumbach & P.M.Br. 2009; Blephariglottis psycodes f. albispicata House 1923; Blephariglottis psycodes f. ecalcarata (M.M.Bryan) Baumbach & P.M.Br. 2009; Blephariglottis psycodes f. fernaldii (J.Rousseau & Rouleau) Baumbach & P.M.Br. 2009; Blephariglottis psycodes f. rosea (P.M.Br.) Baumbach & P.M.Br. 2009; Blephariglottis psycodes f. varians (M.M.Bryan) Baumbach & P.M.Br. 2009; Fimbriella psycodes (L.) Butzin 1981; Habenaria fissa (Muhl. ex Willd.) Spreng. 1826; Habenaria psycodes (L.) Spreng. 1826; Habenaria psycodes f. albiflora R.Hoffm. 1922; Habenaria psycodes f. ecalcarata (M.M.Bryan) Dole 1937; Habenaria psycodes f. varians (M.M.Bryan) Fernald 1946; Habenaria psycodes var. ecalcarata M.M.Bryan 1917; Habenaria psycodes var. varians M.M.Bryan 1917; Habenaria racemosa Raf. 1820; Orchis fissa Muhl. ex Willd. 1805; Orchis incisa Muhl. ex Willd. 1805; *Orchis psycodes L. 1753; Platanthera fissa (Muhl. ex Willd.) Lindl. 1835; Platanthera psycodes f. albiflora (R.Hoffm.) R.E.Whiting & Catling 1982; Platanthera psycodes f. ecalcarata (M.M.Bryan) P.M.Br. 1988; Platanthera psycodes f. rosea P.M.Br. 1995; Platanthera psycodes f. varians (M.M.Bryan) P.M.Br. 1988
References W3 Tropicos, Kew Monocot list , IPNI ; Studies in the Family Orchidaceae Vol 4 Ames 1910 as Habenaria psycodes drawing fide; Die Orchideen Schlechter 1915; Native Orchids of North America Correll 1950 as Habenaria psycodes drawing fide; Native Orchids of North America Correll 1950 as Habenaria psycodes var grandiflora drawing fide; Encyclopedia of Cultivated Orchids Hawkes 1965; AOS Bulletin Vol 35 No 6 1966 as Habenaria psycodes photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 37 No 4 1968 as Habenaria psychodes photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 39 No 9 1970 as Habenaria psycodes photo fide; The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada Luer 1975 drawing/photos fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 48 No 11 1979 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 56 No 5 1987 photo fide; The Manual Of Cultivated Orchid Species Bechtel, Cribb & Launert 1992 photo fide; Schlechteriana Vol 4 No 4 1993; AOS Bulletin Vol 62 No 4 1993 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 63 No 4 1994; AOS Bulletin Vol 66 No 5 1997 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 68 No 8 1999 photo fide; Rudolf Schlechter Die Orchideen Band 1C lieferung 40 pg 2492 - 2564 Brieger 2000 as Fimbriella psycodes drawing fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 72 No 1 2003 drawing fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 72 No 10 2003 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 78 No 5 2009 photo fide; AOS Bulletin vol 78 No 8 2009 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 80 #6 2011 photo fide; Orchid Digest Vol 76 #1 2012 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 81 #1 2012 photo fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 81 #2 2012 photo fide;
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