!Pollardia livida [Lindl.] Withner & Harding 2004
Photo by © Timothy Choltco
Photo by © Jay Pfahl
Photo by © Weyman Bussey
Drawing By © Dunsterville & Garay
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Common Name The Bluish Pollardia
Flower Size .72" [1.8 cm]
Found in Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela and Ecuador on cacti, trees and rocks in sunny locations within humid, seasonally dry forests from at elevations from sealevel to 1600 meters as a smaller sized, hot to cool growing, mat forming epiphytic species with ellipsoid, lightly complanate, bifoliate pseudobulbs partially enveloped basally in youth by scarious sheaths and carrying 1 or 2 apical, oblong-elliptic, attenuate to conduplicate into the petiolate base, acute to minutely bilobed apically, thin leaves that flowers throughout the year but mostly in the late fall and winter, on an apical, arising on a mature pseudobulb as a new growth arises, shorter than the leaves, 1.5 to 4.4" [4 to 11 cm] long, few [3 to 7] flowered inflorescence ovate to lanceolate, acuminate, much shorter than the pedicel floral bracts and carrying flowers that do not open very well.
This species is distinguished from others by it’s slightly swollen pseudobulb at the mid-point and the strongly undulate margins of the lip.
Synonyms Anacheilium lividum (Lindl.) C. Pabst, Moutinho & A.V. Pinto 1981; Encyclia deamii [Schlecter]Hoechne 1952; Encyclia livida [Lindley] Dressler 1961; Encyclia tessaelata Schlechter 1918; Encyclia tessellata Schlechter 1918; Epidendrum articulatum Klotsch 1838; Epidendrum condylochilum Lehm. & Kraenzel 1899; Epidendrum dasytainia Schlecter 1921; Epidendrum deamii Schlechter 1918; Epidendrum henricii Schlechter 1906; *Epidendrum lividum Lindl. 1838; Epidendrum tesselatum Batem ex Lindley 1838; Prosthechea livida (Lindl.) W. E. Higgins 1997; Pseudencyclia livida (Lindl.) V.P.Castro & Chiron 2003
References W3 Tropicos, Kew Monocot list , IPNI ; Lankester's Epidendra Website CR as Protheschea livida;
Edwards's Bot. Reg. 24(Misc.): 51 Lindley 1838 as Epidendrum lividum;
Edwards's Bot. Reg. 24(Misc.): 7 Bateman ex Lindley 1838 as Epidendrum tessellatum nom. illeg.;
Allg. Gartenzeitung 6: 297 Klotsch 1838 as Epidendrum articulatum nom. illeg.
Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 26: 459 F.Lehm. & Kraenzl. 1899 as Epidendrum condylochilum;
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 3: 108 Schlechter 1906 as Epidendrum henrici;
Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 36(2): 474 Schlechter 1918 as Encyclia tesselata;
Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 36(2): 402 Schlechter 1918 as Epidendrum deamii;
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 6: 75 Schlechter 1919 as E tessalata;
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 8: 71 Ecuador Schlechter 1920 as Epidendrum dasytainia;
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 245 Schlechter 1920 as Epidedrum condylochilum;
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 254 Schlechter 1920 as Encyclia tesselata; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 8: 71 Schlechetr1921 as Epidendrum dasytainia;
Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni. Veg. Beih. 17: 47. Panama Schlechter 1922 as E tessalata;
Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni. Veg. Beih. 19: 131. Costa Rica Schlechter 1923 as Encyclia tessalata;
Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni. Veg. Beih. 19: 213. Costa Rica Schlechter 1923 as Epidendrum henrici;
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. Figuren -Atlas 57: 341 Schlechter 1929 as Epidendrum dasytainia drawing fide;
The Genus Epidendrum Ames 1936 as Epidendrum deamii;
The Genus Epidendrum Ames 1936 as Epidendrum lividum;
The Orchids of Panama L.O. Williams & P Allen 1946 as Epidendrum condylochilum;
Arq. Bot. Estado São Paulo, n.s., f.m., 2: 151 Hoehne 1952 as Encyclia deamii;
Ceiba Vol 5 No 1 L O Williams 1956 as Epidendrum condylochilum;
Ceiba Vol 5 No 1 L O Williams 1956 as Epidendrum lividum;
Venezuelan Orchids Illustrated Vol 1 Dunsterville & Garay 1959 as Epidenrum lividum drawing fide;
Brittonia 13: 265 Dressler 1961 as Encyclia livida;
Encyclopedia of Cultivated Orchids Hawkes 1965 as Epidendrum condylochilum;
AOS Bulletin Vol 38 No 6 1969 as Epidendrum lividum;
Flora de Venezuela Foldats Volumen XV Part 3 1970 as Epidendrum lividum drawing fide;
Las Orquedias De El Salvador Vol 1 Hamer 1974 as Epidendrum lividum drawing/photo fide;
Die Orchideen 3 Auflage Bd 1 Sonderabdruck aus Schlechter Lieferung 9 513 - 576 Brieger, Maatsch and Senghas 1977 as Hormidium lividum drawing fide;
AOS Bulletin Vol 48 No 5 1979 as Encyclia livida;
Orquídea (Mexico City), n.s., 7[3]: 1979 as Encyclia livida;
Orchids of Venezuela, An Illustrated Field Guide Vol 1 Dunsterville & Garay 1979 as Epidendrum lividum drawing fide;
Bradea 3: 184 Pabst, Moutinho & A.V.Pinto 1981 as Anacheilium lividum;
Las Orquideas de El Salvador Vol 3 Hamer 1981 as Epidendrum lividum drawing fide;
Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 068 Dodson 1980 as Encyclia livida drawing fide;
Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 1017 Dodson 1984 as Encyclia livida drawing fide;
Selbyana Vol 10 Orchids of Central America Hamer 1988 as Encyclia livida drawing fide;
Manual of Cultivated Orchid Species Bechtel, Cribb, & Launert 1992 as Encyclia livida drawing fide;
Icones Orchidacearum Peruviarum Plate 036 Bennett & Christenson 1993 as Encyclia livida drawing fide;
Phytologia 82: 379 W E Higgins 1997 publ. 1998 as Prosthechea livida
Guatemala Y Sus Orquideas Behar & Tinschert 1998 as Encyclia livida photo fide;
Orchids of Venezuela [An illustrated field guide] Vol. 3 Ramiro and Carnevali 2000 as Prosthechea livida drawing fide;
Harvard Pap. Bot. 5 #2: Carnevali etal. 2001 as Prosthechea livida;
Native Ecuadorian Orchids Vol 4 Dodson 2003 as Prosthechea livida drawing/photo fide;
Richardiana 4: 32 V P Castro & Chiron 2003 as Pseudencylia livida;
Orquideas Nativas del Tachira Cesar Fernandez 2003 as Prosthechea Livida photo fide;
Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica Vol 3 Hammel, Grayum, Herrera and Zamora 2003 as Prosthechea livida;
*Cattleya and Their Relatives Vol 7 Withner & Harding 2004 photo fide;
Mille et Une Mini Orchideees Roguenant 2009 as Prosthechea livida photo fide;
Orchids of the Department of Valle de Cauca Colombia Vol 2 Kolanowska, Hagsater etal 2014 as Prosthechea livida drawing/photo fide;
Guia de Orquideas de Chiapas Carlos Rommel Beutelspacher Baigts 2013 as Prosthechea livida photo fide;
AOS Bulletin Vol 86 #6 2017 as Prosthechea livida photo fide;
Orchid Genera and Species in Guatemala Archila, Szlachchetko, Chiron, Lipinska, Mystkowska and Bertolini 2018 as Pseudencyclia livida;
Vanishing Beauty, Native Costa Rican Orchids Vol 2 Lacaena to Pteroglossa Pupulin 2020 as Prosthechea livida photo fide;
Materials to the Orchid Flora of Colombia Vol IV:418 Szlatchetko & Kolanowska 2023 as Pseudencylia livida drawing/photo fide
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