Tainia Blume SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Arethuseae, SUBTRIBE Bletiinae.

There are 25 to 50 species in this deciduous terrestrial genus found from India through China and S.E. Asia and south to Indonesia.

~*Tainia cordifolia Hook. f. - See Mischobulbum cordifolium (Hook. f.) Schltr.

~Tankervillia Link - See Phaius Loureiro SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Arethuseae, SUBTRIBE Bletinae

~Tankervillia cantoniensis Link - See Phaius tankervilleae [Ait.]Blume

~Taurostalix Rchb.f. - See Bulbophylum Thouars SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Dendrobieae, SUBTRIBE Bulbophyllinae.

Telipogon H.B.K. SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Maxillarieae, SUBTRIBE Telipogoninae

There are at least fifty species in this epiphytic, cloud forest, cool growing genus found from Costa Rica to Peru with the highest concentration in the high Andes of Colombia. They prove to be one of the most difficult orchids to maintain for any length of time. They are delicate, dwarf epiphytes without psuedobulbs, made up of clustered or distant, speedily deciduous, leaves ,which, from the axils arise slender few flowered inflorescence. They need damp cloud-forest conditions with deep shade, cool temperatures and ample air circulation. The cloud forest areas not only are damp but a permanent fog blankets the ground and light is rarely high, as it is difficult to even see 10' on a 'clear day'. They are one of the wettest orchids that you can grow and as such need to be misted constantly and watered regularly.

  1. Telipogon vampyrus Braas & Horich
    2. Photo courtesy of Dale and Deni Borders

    A Costa Rican species found at 1500 meters.

~Telopogon Mutis ex Spreng - See Telipogon H.B.K. SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Maxillarieae, SUBTRIBE Telipogoninae

Tetramicra Lindley SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Epidendreae, SUBTRIBE Laeliinae.

This genus has twelve terrestrial or lithophytic warm growing species that all hail from the Caribbean. They have small or no psuedobulbs apaced far apart onlong branched rhizomes that bear fleshy often terete, rigid leaves, sometimes in loose fans that give rise to a wiry, tall inflorescence that have successive opening flowers that are well spaced on the stalk. I grow mine on a large hollowed-out tree fern slab that has finely chopped wood chips and charcoal just barely covering the roots, to accomodate the rangy growth habit of this attractive genus.

    ~Tetramicra bicolor [Lindley] Benth. - See Leptotes bicolor Lindley

  1. Tetramicra canaliculata [Aubl]Urban

    2. A warm growing lithophytic or terrestrial Florida and Caribbean native with sticklike psuedobulbs, blooms in late spring and summer.

    Synonyms Bletia rigida Rchb.f; Cymbidium rigidum Willd.; Cyrtopodium elegans Hamilton; Limodorum canaliculatum Aubl.; Tetramicara elegans [Hamilton] Cogn.; Tetramicra rigida [Wilde] Lindley;

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    ~Tetramicara elegans [Hamilton] Cogn. - See T. canaliculata [Aublet] Urban

    ~Tetramicra rigida [Wilde] Lindley - See T. canaliculata [Aublet] Urban

    ~Tetramicra serrulata Nichols - See Leptotes bicolor Lindley

~Thelychiton Endl. - See Dendrobium Sw. SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Dendrobieae, SUBTRIBE Dendrobiinae.

Thelymitra J.&G.Forst SUBFAMILY Orchidoideae, TRIBE Diurideae, SUBTRIBE Diuridinae

There are 45 species in this genus that as a whole are from Australia, 2 from New Zealand and 1 is from the Philippines , New Guinea and Java. They are terrestrial colony forming herbs with subterranean tubers and are commonly called 'Sun Orchids'. Many of the species in this genus are blue which is one of the rarer colors in the orchids.

    ~Thelymitra longifolia J.R. Forst. - See Thelymitra nuda R. Br.

  1. Thelymitra nuda R. Br.
    2. Photo courtesy ofGreg and Kerri Steenbeeke and their Orkology Kreations Website

    Synonyms Thelymitra longifolia J.R. Forst.

~Thelypogon Spreng - See Telipogon H.B.K. SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Maxillarieae, SUBTRIBE Telipogoninae

~Thicuania Raf. - See Dendrobium Sw. SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Dendrobieae, SUBTRIBE Dendrobiinae.

~Thiebautia Colla - See Bletia Ruiz & Pavon SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Arethuseae, SUBTRIBE Bletinae.

~Thiebautia nervosa Colla - See Bletia purpurea (Lam.) DC.

~Thorvaldsenia Leibm. ex Hartman - See Chysis Lindley SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Arethuseae, SUBTRIBE Bletiinae

~Thorwaldsenia speciosa Liebm.- See Chysis bractescens Lindley

~Thorvaldsenia speciosa Liebm. - See Chysis bractescens Lindley

Thrixspermum Lour. SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Vandeae, SUBTRIBE Sarcanthinae.

There are about sixty species in this monopodial, epiphytic, wide ranging genus that is found from Ceylon to Samoa, but with the major concentration in Malaysia, the Philippines and Indonesia. There are 2 sections of this genus and it is dependant on the form of the inflorescence. Group #1 is the Orsidice, which has the flowers side by side, and the #2 group, Dendrocolla, has flowers that face all directions. This genus is best grown as any Vanda might, basically warm growing, high light and ample water and fertilizer year round.

  1. Thrixspermum acuminatissimum (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f.
    2. Photo courtesy of Dale and Deni Borders

    Synonyms Dendrocolla acuminatissima Blume; *Sarcochilus acuminatissimus Rchb. f.

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    ~Thrixspermum ceciliae Rchb.f - See Sarcochilus ceciliae FvM

  2. Thrixspermum elongatum Ames
    3. Photo courtesy of Dale and Deni Borders

    This species is found in the Philippines.

    ~Thrixspemum falcatum Rchb.f - See Sarcochilus falcatus R. Br.

    ~Thrixspemum hillii Rchb.f - See Sarcochilus hillii [FvM]FvM

    ~Thrixspermum lunifera Rchb.f - See Chiloschlsta lunifera [Rchb.f]J.J.Smith

  3. Thrixspermum platystachys (F.M. Bailey) Schltr.
    4. Photo courtesy ofGreg and Kerri Steenbeeke and their Orkology Kreations Website

    Synonyms *Sarcochilus platystachys F.M. Bailey

Tolumnia Raf. SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Oncidieae

~Tolumnia henekenii (R.H. Schomb. ex Lindl.) Nir - See Hispaniella henekenii (Schomb ex Lindley) Braem

Traunsteinera Rchb. SUBFAMILY Orchidoideae, TRIBE Orchideae, SUBTRIBE Orchidinae.

  1. Traunsteinera globosa (Linne) Rchb.
    2. Photo courtesy of Th. Pain and the Orchids of France and Europe

    Found From Spain to the Ukraine in the west and south to but excluding Greece as a cool growing terrestrial orchid that blooms in the late spring through mid summer.

    Synonyms Orchis broberoana Rivas Goday & Bellot; *Orchis globosa Linne; Orchis halleri Crantz

Trevoria F. C. Lehm. SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Gongoreae, SUBTRIBE Stanhopeinae.

There are 5 little seldom seen species in this epiphytic cool growing genus found from Nicaraugua to Bolivia.

  1. Trevoria chloris F. Lehm.
    2.  Photo courtesy of Gerd Seeger

    Found in Colombia at elevations of 1000 to 1700 meters.

~Triaristella (Rchb. f.) Brieger ex Luer - See Trisetella Luer SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Epidendreae, SUBTRIBE Pleurothallidinae.

There are 20 species found from Mexico to Brazil in this dwarf epiphytic genus that is related to Masdevallia but differs in it's distinctive lip structure and it's column foot.

~Triaristella huebneri (Schltr.) Luer - See Trisetella huebneri (Schltr.) Luer

~Triaristella trichaete (Rchb. f.) Luer - See Trisetella triglochin (Rchb. f.) Luer

~Triaristella tridactylites (Rchb. f.) Luer - See Trisetella triglochin (Rchb. f.) Luer

~Triaristella triglochin (Rchb. f.) Luer - See Trisetella triglochin (Rchb. f.) Luer

~Triaristellina Rauschert - See Trisetella Luer SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Epidendreae, SUBTRIBE Pleurothallidinae.

There are 20 species found from Mexico to Brazil in this dwarf epiphytic genus that is related to Masdevallia but differs in it's distinctive lip structure and it's column foot.

~Triaristellina huebneri (Schltr.) Rauschert - See Trisetella huebneri (Schltr.) Luer

~Triaristellina trichaete (Rchb. f.) Rauschert - See Trisetella triglochin (Rchb. f.) Luer

~Triaristellina tridactylites (Rchb. f.) Rauschert - See Trisetella triglochin (Rchb. f.) Luer

~Triaristellina triglochin (Rchb. f.) Rauschert - See Trisetella triglochin (Rchb. f.) Luer

Trias LindleySUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Epidendreae SUBTRIBE Bulbophyllinae.

Similar to the genus Bulbophyllum but with floral differences, this genus has 4 rarely seen epiphytic species, that have similar cultural requirements to Bulbophyllum. The flowers in this genus always have a triangular appearance and are on a short basal inflorescence.

  1. Trias nasuta [Rchb.f]Stapf.
    2.

    Synonyms *Bulbophyllum nasutum Rchb. f.; Phyllorchis nasuta (Rchb. f.) Kuntze

  2. Trias oblonga Lindley
    3. This intermediate growing epiphytic species is from Burma and Thailand and blooms in the spring.

    Synonyms *Bulbophyllum oblongum Rchb.f; Dendrobium tripterum Wall.

  3. Trias picta [Par. & Rchb.f]Hemsl.
    4. This intermediate growing species is from Burma and Thailand and flowers in the spring.

    Synonyms *Bulbophyllum pictum Parrish & Rchb.f

~Tribrachia Lindley - See Bulbophylum Thouars SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Dendrobieae, SUBTRIBE Bulbophyllinae.

~Tribrachia odoratissima (Sm.) Lindl. - See Bulbophyllum odoratissimum (Sm.) Lindl.

Trichocentrum Poeppig & Endl. SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Oncidieae.

Eighteen epiphytic species ranging from Mexico to Southern Brazil, with the majority in the later country, make up this showy genus. It's major distinction from other oncidinae is the floral spur which is part of the lip and not an extension of the column as in other Oncidinae. The flowers are large and showy for the size of this compact growing plant which is best mounted on cork or treefern and given ample light, high humidity and ample water and fertilizer while in growth and a little less after maturation. They are warm to intermediate plants that appreciate good air circulation.

  1. Trichocentrum albo-coccineum Linden
    2. Photo courtesy of Dale and Deni Borders.

    An intermediate to warm gowing epiphyte fom Peru and Brazil that blooms in the summer and fall.

    Synonyms Trichocentrum albopurpureum Linden & Rchb.f ; Trichocentrum amazonicum Barb. Rodr.; Trichocentrum atropurpureum Linden ex regal; Trichocentrum atro-violaceum Rchb.f ex Schlecter;

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    ~Trichocentrum albopurpureum Linden & Rchb.f - See T. albococcineum Linden

    ~Trichocentrum amazonicum Barb. Rodr.- See T. albococcineum Linden

    ~Trichocentrum atropurpureum Linden ex regal - See T. albo-coccineum

    ~Trichocentrum atro-violaceum Rchb.f ex Schlecter- See T. albo-coccineum

  2. Trichocentrum sp.
    3. Photo courtesy of Dale and Deni Borders.

    This is a species from Bolivia, anyone have any guesses as to the species name?

  3. Trichocentrum tigrinum Linden & Rchb.f

    4. A warm to intermediate grower, from Ecuador and northern Peru, that requires a wet spring and dryer winter rest to set the buds, which occur in the spring. It also likes to have bright light if not some direct sun.

    Synonyms Trichocentrum tigrinum var. splendens Linden & Barb. Rodr.

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    ~Trichocentrum tigrinum var. splendens Linden & Barb. Rodr. - See Synonyms of Trichocentrum tigrinum Linden & Rchb. f.

    ~*Trichocentrum triquetrum Rolfe - See Plectrophora triquetra (Rolfe) Cogn.

Trichoceros H.B.K. SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Maxillarieae, SUBTRIBE Telipogoninae.

This genus is composed of 5 species found in Andean South America, from Colombia south to Bolivia and are best grown in shallow pans with a open mix with moderate shade and humidity and watered evenly throughout the year.

  1. Trichoceros antennifer [Humb. & Bonpl.] Kunth
    2. Photo courtesy of Dale and Deni Borders.

    Found in Ecuador and Peru at altitudes of 2000-4100 meters.

    Synonyms *Epidendrum antenniferum Humb. & Bonpl; Trichoceros armillatus Rchb.f ; Trichoceros muscifera Kraenzel

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    ~Trichoceros armillatus Rchb.f - See T. antennifer [Humb. & Bonpl.] Kunth

    ~Trichoceros muscifera Kraenzel- See T. antennifer [Humb. & Bonpl.] Kunth

  2. ~?Trichoceros parviflorus H.B.K.
    3. Photo courtesy of Allen Black.

    Found from Colombia to Bolivia at elevations of 1800 to 3000 meters on steep mossy slopes in misty cloud forests and is said to be synomonous with T. antennifera. It is an intermediate growing epiphyte that blooms in the fall.

Trichoglottis Blume SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Vandeae, SUBTRIBE Sarcanthinae.

There are 65 mostly epiphytic species spread throughout Eastern Asia and out through all the Pacific Islands with the highest concentration in the Philippines that need moderate shade with ample water, fertilizer and good humidity year round.

  1. Trichoglottis brachiata Ames
    2.  Photo courtesy of Dale and Deni Borders.

    This warm growing epiphytic species is from the Philippines and blooms in the spring and summer.

    Synonyms Staurochilus philippinensis (Lindl.) Backer; Trichoglottis philippinensis Lindley var brachiata Ames

  2. Trichoglottis fasciata (Benth. & Hook. f.) Rchb. f.
    3. An intermediate to warm growing epiphyte from the Philippines, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, the Malaysian peninsula and Sumatra that blooms in the spring and summer.

    Synonyms Staurochilus fasciatus Ridley; *Stauropsis fasciata Benth. & Hook. f.; Stauropsis fasciata Ridley

    ~Trichoglottis philippinensis Lindley var brachiata Ames - See T. brachiata Ames

    ~Trichoglottis flexuosa Rolfe - See T. rosea [Lindley]Ames

  3. Trichoglottis rosea (Lindl.) Ames
    4. Photo courtesy of Dale and Deni Borders.

    This species is from the Philippines and was known as Cleisostoma rosea Lindley. It is an intermediate to warm growing epiphytic species that blooms almost constantly year round.

    Synonyms *Cleisostoma roseum Lindley; Pomatocalpa roseum J.J.Sm.; Trichoglottis flexuosa Rolfe

  4. Trichoglottis triflora [Guillaumin]Garay & Seidenfadden
    5. Photo courtesy ofGreg and Kerri Steenbeeke and their Orkology Kreations Website

    Synonyms *Saccolabium triflorum Guillaumin

  5. Trichoglottis wenzelii Ames
    6. Photo courtesy of Dale and Deni Borders.

    This epiphytic species is found in the Philippines on the island of Leyte and is a warm growing monopodial orchid.

    Synonyms Stauropsis wenzelii (Ames) Ames & Quisumb.

Trichopilia Lindley SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Oncidieae.

Around 30 species of small to medium sized epiphytes, and occasionally lithophytes or terrestrials beneath orchid bearing trees, from Central and South America which require shady intermediate to cool conditions and careful watering while growing, less when not. They are best potted in a mound with the plant in the center on the highest point so as to show off the short basal few flowered racemes.

    ~Trichopilia kienastiana Rchb.f - See T. suavis Lindley & Paxton

  1. Trichopilia suavis Lindley & Paxton
    2. Photo courtesy of Dale Borders.

    This species occurs from Costa Rica to Colombia as an intermediate growing epiphyte from low mossy woods between 1199 and 1700 meters in elevation, it is a medium sized intermediate plant that has fairly round compressed psuedobulbs and a single apical, elliptic-lanceolate, pointed, coriaceous yet flexible, erect or curved, and up to 8" long. They have a basal inflorescence that is pendulous or curved, short, with 2-5 longlasting, fragrant flowers that occur in the early spring. Yearly repotting, regular water while in growth and a month long cooler well ventilated rest insure a healthy blooming plant.

    Synonyms Trichopilia kienastiana Rchb.f

    ~Trichopilia sanguinolenta [Lindley] Rchb.f - See Helcia sanguinolenta Lindley

  2. Trichopilia tortilis Lindley
    3. Photo courtesy of Dale and Deni Borders

    An intermediate to warm growing epiphytic species found in damp tropical forests at elevations up to 1500-1400 meters that flowers in the winter and comes from Mexico to Honduras.

Trichosalpinx Luer SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Epidendreae, SUBTRIBE Pleurothallidinae.

  1. Trichosalpinx dependens [Luer]Luer
    2. Photo courtesy of James E. Zablotny and his Pleurothallid Page

    Found in Ecuador and Bolivia at elevations of 500 to 2500 meters..

    Synonyms *Pleurothallis dependens Luer; Pleurothallis flexibilis Luer & R. Vásquez; Trichosalpinx flexibilis (Luer & R. Vásquez) Luer

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    ~Trichosalpinx flexibilis (Luer & R. Vásquez) Luer - See Trichosalpinx dependens [Luer]Luer

  2. Trichosalpinx sp.
    3. Photo courtesy of James E. Zablotny and his Pleurothallid Page

~Trichosia - See Eria Lindley SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Epidendreae, SUBTRIBE Eriinae.

~Trichosma Lindley - See Eria LindleySUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Epidendreae, SUBTRIBE Eriinae.

Trichotosia Blume SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Epidendreae, SUBTRIBE Eariinae

There are 48 some small to large epiphytic hairy leafed species spread from the Himalayas to the S.W. Pacific Islands of this genus that prefers to always keep its feet wet and can be mounted or potted with an epiphyte mix and given shade and high humidity.

  1. Trichotosia vulpina [Rchb.f]Kraenzel.
    2.  Photo courtesy ofGreg and Kerri Steenbeeke and their Orkology Kreations Website

    Synonyms *Eria vulpina Rchb. f.; Pinalia vulpina (Rchb. f.) Kuntze

~Tridachne Liebm. ex Lindley & Paxt. - See Notylia Lindley SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Oncidieae.

~Tridachne virens Liebm. ex Lindley - See Notylia barkeri Lindley

Trigonidium Lindley SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Maxillarieae, SUBTRIBE Maxillariinae

A small genus of 12 or so species that are spread from Mexico south to Peru and Brazil. A Maxillaria relative, it differs in having a cupulate flower that has large sepals that obscures the smaller petals and lip. They are warm growing and prefer to be in small pots.

  1. Trigonidium obtusum Lindley
    2.  Photo courtesy of Dale and Deni Borders

    A south American epiphytic, intermediate species that is found in Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela at elevations of 220 to 1000 meters, that has ovoid, compressed, closely spaced on the rhizome, 2" psuedobulbs with 2 apical leaves that are linear-lanceolate, pointed, coriaceous, and 8-20" long. It has numerous basal inflorescence that are stiff, erect, single flowered, campanulate, and long lasting and it blooms in the spring.

    ~*Trigonidium ringens Lindley - See Mormolyca ringens [Lindley]Schlecter

~Trigonochilum Königer & Schildhauer - See Cyrtochilum H.B.K. SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Oncidieae.

~Trigonochilum flexuosum (Kunth) Königer & Schildhauer - See Oncidium cimiciferum (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f. ex Lindl.

~Triorchis Small & Nash - See Eulophia R. Brown & Lindley SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Cymbidieae, SUBTRIBE Cyrtopodinae.

Trisetella Luer SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Epidendreae, SUBTRIBE Pleurothallidinae.

There are 20 species found from Mexico to Brazil in this dwarf epiphytic genus that is related to Masdevallia but differs in it's distinctive lip structure and it's column foot.

  1. ~Trisetella huebneri (Schltr.) Luer - See Trisetella triglochin (Rchb. f.) Luer
    2. Photo courtesy of Dale and Deni Borders

    ~Trisetella trichaete (Rchb. f.) Luer - See Trisetella triglochin (Rchb. f.) Luer

    ~Trisetella tridactylites (Rchb. f.) Luer - See Trisetella triglochin (Rchb. f.) Luer

  2. Trisetella triglochin (Rchb. f.) Luer
    3. Photo courtesy of Fluer Malcolm and her Orchid Page

    Found from Costa Rica to Ecuador at elevations of 200 to 2000 meters.

    Synonyms Masdevallia allenii L.O. Williams; *Masdevallia huebneri Schltr.; Masdevallia trichaete Rchb. f.; Masdevallia tridactylites Rchb. f.; *Masdevallia triglochin Rchb. f.; Triaristella huebneri (Schltr.) Luer; Triaristella trichaete (Rchb. f.) Luer; Triaristella tridactylites (Rchb. f.) Luer; Triaristella triglochin (Rchb. f.) Luer; Triaristellina huebneri (Schltr.) Rauschert; Triaristellina trichaete (Rchb. f.) Rauschert; Triaristellina tridactylites (Rchb. f.) Rauschert; Triaristellina triglochin (Rchb. f.) Rauschert; Trisetella huebneri (Schltr.) Luer; Trisetella trichaete (Rchb. f.) Luer; Trisetella tridactylites (Rchb. f.) Luer;

~Trophianthus Schweid. - See Aspasia Lindley SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Oncidieae.

~Trophianthus zonatus Schweidw. - See Aspasia lunata Lindley

~Tropilis Raf. - See Dendrobium Sw. SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Dendrobieae, SUBTRIBE Dendrobiinae.

~Tropilis falcorostra (Fitzg.) Butzin - See *Dendrobium falcorostrum Fitz.

~Tropilis kingiana (Bidwill ex Lindl.) Butzin - See *Dendrobium kingianum Bidwill ex Lindley

~Tropilis speciosa (Sm.) Butzin - See *Dendrobium speciosum J. E Smith

~Tropilis subterrestris (Gagnep.) Rauschert - See Eria bractescens Lindley

~Tropilis tetragona (A. Cunn.) Butzin - See Dendrobium tetragonum Cunningham ex Lindley

~Tulexis Raf. - See Brassavola R. Brown SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Epidendreae, SUBTRIBE Laeliinae.

~Tulexis bicolor Raf. - See Brassavola tuberculata Hkr.

~Tussaca Raf. - See Goodyera R. Br. SUBFAMILY Spiranthoideae, TRIBE Erythrodeae.

~Tussaca repens (L.) Raf. - See Goodyera repens (Linne) R. Brown

~Tussaca secunda Raf. - See Goodyera repens [L.] R. Br.

~Tylochilus Nees - See Cyrtopodium R. Br. SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Epidendreae, SUBTRIBE Eriinae.

~Tylostylis Bl. - See Eria Lindley SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Cymbideae, SUBTRIBE Cyrtopodinae.

~Uropedium Lindley - See Phragmipedium Rolfe SUBFAMILY Cypripedioideae

Vanda Jones SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Vandeae, SUBTRIBE Sarcanthinae.

There are seventy some species that are mostly epiphytic, although there are some lithopytic and terrestrials that exist, but they are all monopodial in growth habit and are Asiatic in origin. There are two distinct leaf forms the strap leaf and the terete leaf. Typically the terete leafed species appreciate much more direct sunlight than the strap leafed plants do. They all appreciate bright light, even watering and fertilizer year round and do best in wooden slat baskets with little or no medium around the roots. The parts of the Vanda flower are, labellum {#1}, lateral sepal {#2}, petal {#3}, dorsal sepal {#4}, anther cap with pollina beneath {#5}, and the throat {#6}.

    ~Vanda boxallii Rchb.f- See V lamellata Lindley var boxallii[Rchb.f]Rchb.f

    ~*Vanda cathcartii Lindley - See Arachnanthe cathcartii [Lindley] Benth. & Hooker

    ~Vanda clitellaria Rchb.f - See V. lamellata Lindley

  1. Vanda coerulescens Griffith

    2. The books say to grow this intermediate only, but I have flowered them for 9 years without problem growing warm here in Key West. They come from China, Burma and Thailand and as all Vandas grow best in wooden slat baskets with no media.

    ~Vanda cumingii Lindley ex Paxton - See V. lamellata Lindley

  2. Vanda denisoniana Bens. & Rchb.f.
    3. Photo courtesy of Dale and Deni Borders

    A Burmese species found at elevations of 2000-2500 meters in the Arrakan Mountains and is an intermediate to warm grower that blooms in the spring and summer.

    ~Vanda densiflora Lindley - See Rhynchostylis gigantea [Lindley]Ridley

    ~*Vanda gigantea Lindl. - See Rhynchostylis gigantea (Lindl.) Ridl.

  3. Vanda lamellata var boxali Lindley
    4. Photo courtesy of Dale and Deni Borders

    An intermediate to warm growing epiphytic orchid from the Philippines that blooms in the fall and winter.

    Synonyms Vanda boxallii Rchb.f; Vanda clitellaria Rchb.f ; Vanda cumingii Lindley ex Paxton; Vanda superba Lind. & Rodig.; Vanda vidalii Boxall

  4. Vanda luzonica Loher ex Rolfe

    5. Found on the isle of Luzon in the Philippines, this warm grower likes steady watering year round and blooms in the spring.

    ~*Vanda parishii Rchb. f. - See Vandopsis parishii (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

    ~*Vanda sanderiana Rchb.f - See Euanthe sanderiana [Rchb.f]Schlecter

    ~Vanda scripta Spreng. - See Grammatophyllum scriptum [L.]Blume

  5. Vanda suavis Lindl.
    6. Photo courtesy of Frankie Handoyo and HisOrchids of Indonesia Homepage.

    ~Vanda superba Lind. & Rodig. - See See V lamellata Lindley var boxallii[Rchb.f]Rchb.f

    ~Vanda vidalii Boxall - See V. lamellata Lindley

Vandopsis Pfitz. SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Vandeae, SUBTRIBE Sarcanthinae.

  1. Vandopsis parishii (Rchb. f.) Schltr.
    2. Photo courtesy of Dale and Deni Borders

    An intermediateto warm growing epiphytic orchid that is found in Burma and Thailand and blooms in the summer and fall.

    Synonyms Hygrochilus parishii (Rchb. f.) Pfitzer; Stauropsis parishii (Rchb. f.) Rolfe; *Vanda parishii Rchb. f.

Vanilla Miller SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Gastrodieae, SUBTRIBE Vanillinae.

    ~Vanilla fragrans (Salisb.) Ames - See Vanilla planifolia Jacks. ex Andrews

  1. Vanilla planifolia Jacks. ex Andrews
    2. Photo courtesy ofGreg Allikas and His Orchid Photo Page

    Found in Florida, the West Indies, Central America and Northern South America at lower elevations as a warm to intermediate grwoing epiphyte that blooms throughout the year if well grown.

    Synonyms Myrobroma fragrans Salisb.; Vanilla fragrans (Salisb.) Ames

~Wailesia Lindley - See Dipodium R. Brown SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Cymbidieae, SUBTRIBE Cyrtopodiinae.

~Warczewitzia Skinner - See Catasetum Kunth SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Gongoreae, SUBTRIBE Catasetinae.

Warmingia Rchb.fSUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Oncidieae.

Three species occur in this epiphytic genus from the humid central to southern forests of Brazil.

    ~Warmingia bolopetala Kraenzl. - See Warmingia eugenii Rchb.f.

  1. Warmingia eugenii Rchb.f.
    2. Photo courtesy of Nelson Machado.

    This species is from the forests of eastern Brazil. It is a miniature epiphytic herb that requires even year round watering and needs to be in a hanging mount to accommodate the pendant inflorescence.

    Synonyms Warmingia bolopetala Kraenzl.; Warmingia loefgrenii Cogn.

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    ~Warmingia loefgrenii Cogn. - See W. eugenii Rchb.f

Warrea Lindley SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Maxillarieae, SUBTRIBE Zygopetalinae. There are 6 terrestrial and rarely lithophytic species in this little known genus found from Costa Rica To Peru, Venezuela and Brazil. In general they should be treated like Phaius.

~*Warrea candida Lindl. - See Cochleanthes candida (Lindl.) R.E. Schult. & Garay

~*Warrea discolor Lindley - See Cochleanthes discolor [Lindley] R.E.Schultes

~Warrea speciosa Schltr - See Warrea warreana (Lodd. ex Lindl.) C. Schweinf.

~*Warrea tricolor Lindl. - See Gongora tricolor (Lindl.) Rchb. f.

~Warrea unijugata Regel - See Warrea warreana (Lodd. ex Lindl.) C. Schweinf

  • Warrea warreana (Lodd. ex Lindl.) C. Schweinf.
    • Photo courtesy of JEM Orchids

    Found from Colombia to Ecuador, Venezuela, the Guianas, Paraguay and Brazil at elevations around 1000 meters as an intermediate to warm growing epiphyte that blooms in the late summer and fall..

    Synonyms *Maxillaria warreana Lodd. ex Lindl.; Warrea unijugata Regel; Warrea speciosa Schltr.;

    ~Warscewiczella Rchb.f. - See Chondrorhyncha Lindley or Cochleanthes SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Maxillarieae, SUBTRIBE Zygopetalinae.

    ~*Warscewiczella amazonica Rchb.f & Warscew - See Cochleanthes amazonica [Rchb.f & Warsc.]R.E. Schult. & Garay

    ~Warscewiczella aromatica [Rchb.f]Rchb.f - See Cochleanthes aromatica [Rchb.f] Schultes & Garay

    ~Warscewiczella discolor [Lindley] Rchb.f - Cochleanthes discolor [Lindley] R.E.Schultes

    ~Warscewiczella lindeni hort - See See Cochleanthes amazonica [Rchb.f & Warsc.]R.E. Schult. & Garay

    ~Warscewiczella wendlandii [Rchb.f]Schlecter - See Cochleanthes aromatica [Rchb.f] Schultes & Garay

    ~Warszewiczella Benth. & Hkr.f - See Chondrorhyncha Lindley or Cochleanthes SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Maxillarieae, SUBTRIBE Zygopetalinae.

    ~Xaritonia Raf. - See Oncidium Sw. SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Oncideae

    ~Xeilyanthum Raf. - See Oncidium Swartz SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Oncideae

    ~Xiphizusa Rchb.f - See Bulbophylum Thouars SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Dendrobieae, SUBTRIBE Bulbophyllinae.

    ~Xiphizusa weddelii Rchb. f. - See Bulbophyllum weddelii [Lindley]Rchb.

    ~Xiphosium Griff. - See Eria Lindley SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Epidendreae, SUBTRIBE Eriinae.

    Xylobium Lindley SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Maxillarieae, SUBTRIBE Lycastinae.

    Twenty species make up this epiphytic, rarely litophytic or terrestrial genus that hails from Mexico to Brazil including the West Indies and can be grown with the same culture as the genus Lycaste.

    Synonyms Colax Lindley ex Spreng.-

      ~Xylobium concavum (Lindl.) Hemsl. - See X. foveatum [Lindley]Nichols

      ~Xylobium ecuadorense Rolfe - See Xylobium foveatum (Lindl.) G. Nicholson

      ~Xylobium filomenoi Schlecter - See X. foveatum [Lindley]Nichols

    1. Xylobium foveatum [Lindley]G. Nicholson
      2. Photo courtesy of of Carlos Hajek and his Peruvian Orchid Page

      From Costa Rica to Peru and the West Indies, this intermediate to warm growing epiphyte from wet montane forests is found at altitudes up to 100-1800 meters and blooms in the winter and spring.

      Synonyms Maxillaria concava Lindley; *Maxillaria foveata Lindley; Maxillaria stachyobiorum Rchb.f; Xylobium concavum (Lindl.) Hemsl.; Xylobium ecuadorense Rolfe; Xylobium filomenoi Schlecter; Xylobium stachyobiorum Hemsl.

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      ~Xylobium gracile Schltr. - See Xylobium pallidiflorum (Hook.) G. Nicholson

      ~Xylobium latifolium Schltr. - See Xylobium pallidiflorum (Hook.) G. Nicholson

    2. Xylobium pallidiflorum (Hook.) G. Nicholson
      3. Photo courtesy of Dale and Deni Borders

      Found in Bolivia and Ecuador at altitudes of 1000 to 3000 meters.

      Synonyms Colax pallidiflorus (Hook.) C.K. Spreng.; *Maxillaria pallidiflora Hook.; Maxillaria stenobulbon Klotzsch; Xylobium gracile Schltr.; Xylobium latifolium Schltr.; Xylobium squalens var. gracile (Schltr.) C. Schweinf.

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      ~Xylobium squalens var. gracile (Schltr.) C. Schweinf. - See Xylobium pallidiflorum (Hook.) G. Nicholson

      ~Xylobium stachyobiorum Hemsl. - See X. foveatum [Lindley]Nichols

    Zootrophion Luer SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Epidendreae, SUBTRIBE Pleurothallidinae.

    There are eleven species in this genus of small epiphytes from Central America, Jamaica and South America, that have no psuedobulbs but, have a well developed erect single leafed stem, or ramicaul, that are enclosed in inflated, compressed sheaths and arise from a short or rarely long rhizome. They like shady, humid conditions with a well draining medium or mounted on tree fern, and water evenly yet carefully year round.

    1. Zootrophion atropurpureum [Lindley]Luer
      2. Photo courtesy of Dale and Deni Borders

      An intermediate species from elevations of 400-1300 meters in Jamaica, Cuba, Hispanola, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia, that is an epiphyte and rarely a terrestrial and is found in wet montane forests on trees, logs and river banks. It needs regular waterings year round and likes moderate shade, and it blooms from late summer through the winter with nonfragrant single flowers.

      Synonyms Cryptophoranthus alvaroi Garay; Cryptophoranthus atropurpureus [Lindley]Rolfe; Humboldtia atropurpurea (Lindl.) Kuntze; Masdevallia gaskelliana Rchb.f; Pleurothallis atropurpureum [Lindley]Lindley; *Specklinia atropurpurea Lindley

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      ~Zootrophion dayanum (Rchb. f.) Luer - See Cryptophoranthus dayanus (Rchb. f.) Rolfe

    2. Zootrophion hirtzii Luer
      3. Photo courtesy of Dale and Deni Borders

      An Ecuadorian species found at elevations of 1300 to 2100 meters.

    ~Zosterostylis Bl. - See Cryptostylis R. Brown SUBFAMILY Spiranthoideae , TRIBE Cranichideae, SUBTRIBE Cryptostylidinae

    ~Zygoglossum Reinw. - See Bulbophyllum Thou. SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Epidendreae SUBTRIBE Bulbophyllinae.

    ~Zygopetalon Rchb.f - See Zygopetalum Hooker SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Maxillarieae, SUBTRIBE Zygopetalinae.

    ~Zygopetalon mackaii Paxton - See Zygopetalum intermedium Lodd. ex Lindl.Zygopetalum Hooker SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Maxillarieae, SUBTRIBE Zygopetalinae.

    Forty species are spread through Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia and Peru growing epiphytically in a humid semi-shady environment requiring water while in growth and less after the psudobulbs have matured.

      ~Zygopetalum africanum Hooker - See Lemboglossum bictoniense [Bateman. ex Lindley] Halbinger

      ~*Zygopetalum amazonicum Rchb.f & Warsc. - See Cochleanthes amazonica [Rchb.f & Warsc.]R.E. Schult. & Garay

      ~*Zygopetalum aromaticum Rchb.f - See Cochleanthes aromatica [Rchb.f] Schultes & Garay

      ~Zygopetalum bolivianum Schltr. - See Zygopetalum intermedium Lodd. ex Lindl.

      ~Zygopetalum burtii (Endres & Rchb. f.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex Hemsl. - See Huntleya meleagris Lindl.

      ~Zygopetalum cerinum (Lindl.& Paxt.) Rchb. f.- See Pescatorea cerina (Lindl. & Paxton) Rchb. f.

      ~Zygopetalum chloranthum Krzl. - See Batemannia armillata Rchb.f

      ~Zygopetalum citrinum Nicholson - See Promenaea xanthina [Lindley]Lindley

      ~Zygopetalum coeleste [Rchb.f]Rchb.f - See Bollea colestis Rchb.f

      ~Zygopetalum crepauxi Carr. - see Z. crinitum Lodd.

    1. Zygopetalum crinitum Lodd.
      2. Photo courtesy of Fluer Malcolm and her Orchid Page

      Found in eastern Brazil, this medium sized, intermediate to warm growing terrestrial, flowers in the summer.

      Synonyms Zygopetalum crepauxi Carr.; Zygopetalum mackaii Hkr. var. crinitum Lindley; Zygopetalum microtis Hoffmannsegg; Zygopetalum pubescens Hoffmannsegg; Zygopetalum stenochilum Lodd.

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      ~Zygopetalum dayanum Rchb. f. - See Pescatorea dayana Rchb. f.

      ~Zygopetalum discolor [Lindley] Rchb.f - See Cochleanthes discolor [Lindley] R.E.Schultes

      ~Zygopetalum grandiflorum [A.Rich]Benth & Hkr f.- See Galeottia grandiflora A. Rich

      ~Zygopetalum hasslerianum Krnzl. - See Z. maxillare Lodd.

    2. Zygopetalum intermedium Lodd. ex Lindl.
      3. Photo courtesy of Dale and Deni Borders

      Found in Peru and Brazil at elevations of 2100 meters as an intermediate to warm growing terrestrial that blooms in the fall and winter.

      Synonyms Eulophia mackaiana Lindl.; Zygopetalon mackaii Paxton; Zygopetalum bolivianum Schltr.; Zygopetalum intermedium var. peruvianum Rolfe; Zygopetalum mackaii var. intermedium Mutel; Zygopetalum mackaii Paxt not Hkr.; Zygopetalum roezlii Rchb.f ; Zygopetalum velutinum Hoffmsgg.

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      ~Zygopetalum intermedium var. peruvianum Rolfe - See Zygopetalum intermedium Lodd. ex Lindl.

      ~Zygopetalum jugosum [Lindley] Schlecter - See Pabstia jugosa [Lindley]Garay

      ~Zygopetalum klabochorum Rchb.f - See Pescatoria klabochorum Rchb.f

      ~Zygopetalum lindeni Rolfe - See Cochleanthes amazonica [Rchb.f & Warsc.]R.E. Schult. & Garay

    3. Zygopetalum mackaii Hooker
      4. Photo courtesy ofGreg and Kerri Steenbeeke and their Orkology Kreations Website

      An intermediate to warm growing Brazilian terrestrial species that blooms in the fall and winter.

      ~Zygopetalum mackaii Hkr. var. crinitum Lindley - See Z. crinitum Lodd.

      ~Zygopetalum mackaii var. intermedium Mutel - See Zygopetalum intermedium Lodd. ex Lindl.

      ~Zygopetalum mackaii Paxt not Hkr. - See Zygopetalum intermedium Lodd. ex Lindl.

      ~Zygopetalum mandibulare Rchb.f - See Z. maxillare Lodd.

    4. Zygopetalum maxillare Lodd. 'Kevin' CBR/AOS
      5. Plant grown by Marius Wasbauer, Photo courtesy of Dale and Deni Borders

      Found in Brazil and Paraguay this intermediate to warm growing terrestrial blooms in the winter and spring.

      Synonyms Zygopetalum hasslerianum Krnzl.; Zygopetalum mandibulare Rchb.f

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      ~Zygopetalum meleagris Bnth. - See Huntleya meleagris Lindl.

      ~Zygopetalum microtis Hoffmannsegg - See Z. crinitum Lodd.

      ~Zygopetalum mystacinum Rchb. f. - See Kefersteinia mystainum Rchb.f

      ~Zygopetalum pubescens Hoffmannsegg - See Z. crinitum Lodd.

      ~Zygopetalum rhombilabium Schweinf.- See Huntleya heteroclita [Poepp. & Endl.] Garay

      ~Zygopetalum roezlii Rchb.f - See See Zygopetalum intermedium Lodd. ex Lindl.

      ~Zygopetalum sanguinolentum Rchb. f. - See Kefersteinia sanguinolenta Rchb. f.

      ~Zygopetalum stenochilum Lodd. - See Z. crinitum Lodd.

      ~Zygopetalum velutinum Hoffmsgg. - See See Zygopetalum intermedium Lodd. ex Lindl.

      ~Zygopetalum wendlandii Rchb.f - See Cochleanthes aromatica [Rchb.f] Schultes & Garay

      ~Zygopetalum xanthinum [Lindley]Rchb.f - See Promenaea xanthina [Lindley]Lindley

    Zygosepalum Rchb.f SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Maxillarieae, SUBTRIBE Zygopetalinae.

    1. Zygosepalum labiosum (Rich.) Garay
      2.  Photo courtesy of JEM Orchids

      Found in Colombia south to Peru and Venezuela at elevations below 600 meters.

      Synonyms Epidendrum labiosum Rich.; Menadenium labiosum (Rich.) Cogn.

    Zygostates Lindley SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Maxillarieae, SUBTRIBE Orinthocephalinae.

    This genus is made up of 12 dwarf leafy epiphytes with no pseudobulbs that are found mostly in Brazil but there is a single species apiece found in Argentina and Paraguay. They prefer a humid shady situation and should never be allowed to dry out.

      ~Zygostates costaricensis Nash - Ornithocephalus bicornis Lindley

    1. Zygostates lunata Lindley
      2. Photo courtesy of Nelson Machado.

      This is a eastern Brazil dwarf, warm growing epiphytic species, and is found in wet montane forests in the mist or Paramo zone.