Epidendrum trapeziinocturnum Bart.-Colm. & Hagsater 2020 GROUP Nocturnum

TYPE Drawing by © A. A. Barona C. & A. Cisneros and Icones Orchidacearum 18(1) plate 1840 2020

LATE EARLY

Common Name The Trapezium Nocturnum Epidendrum [refers to the general name of the area in Colombia where the type was collected (Amazon Trapezium), and “nocturnum” for the group to which the species belongs]

Flower Size 3.8" [9.5 cm]

Found in southernmost Amazonian Colombia near Leticia in secondary growth upland rainforest at elevations around 100 meters as a medium sized, hot growing, caespitose epiphyte with simple, cane-like, laterally compressed, ancipitose towards the apex, straight, completely medium green stems carrying 5 to 7, distributed along the apical half of the stem, ascendent, coriaceous and with the largest leaf at the apex, laterally compressed, strongly ancipitose and minutely striated longitudinally foliar sheaths; blades length:width 3:1, oblong, apex bilobed, minutely mucronate, venation and dorsal keel evident, medium green on both sides leaves that blooms in the late fall and early winter on a terminal, peduncle 1.52" [3.8 cm] long, conspicuous, rachis .48 to .64" [12 to 16 mm] long racemose to pluriracemose, producing one flower at a time per raceme, if two, then from different racemes, successively single, few flowered inflorescence with triangualr acuminate, embracing, shorter than the ovary floral bracts and carrying resupinate, autogamous, occasionally cleistogamus flowers that do not have a diurnal scent, as to nocturnal???

"Epidendrum trapeziinocturnum belongs to the GROUP Nocturnum, which is characterized by the sympodial, caespitose plants, cane-like stems, the short, racemose or pluri-racemose inflorescence without spathe, the large star-shaped, successive flowers, with similar sepals and petals. The new species is recognized by medium large plants up to 18.8" [47 cm] tall, medium green, the flattened stems, ancipitose above the middle, with large leaves 5.4 to 6" x 1.68 to 1.92" [13.5 to 15.0 x 4.2 to 4.8 cm, oblong, length:width 3:1, distributed along the apical half of the stems, the large flowers bright green with lip and calli white, column creamy white, sepals .384 to .388" x .2 to .24" [96 to 97 x 5 to 6 mm], lateral lobes of the lip, semi-lanceolate, basally cuneate and apically long-acuminate, mid-lobe of the lip linear-triangular, .272 to .328" [68 to 81 mm] long, and the capsule with the body the body displaced somewhat beyond the middle. Epidendrum spruceanum Lindl. occurs in the Amazon basin of Brazil and Peru below 200 meters altitude; it is recognized by its relatively longer and narrower leaves,3.2 to 7" x .8 to 1.8" [8.0 to 17.5 x 2.0 to 4.5 cm], shorter ovary, .148 to 1.8" [37 to 45 mm] long, sepals 1.96 to 2.8" [48 to 70 mm] long, lateral lobes of the lip hemi-lanceolate, apex narrowly rounded, and the body of the capsule centered. Epidendrum ancipitinocturnum Hágsater & J.M.P.Cordeiro has dark green plants, to 33 cm tall excluding the inflorescence, the stems and underside of the leaves tinged purple, the upper side of leaves dark green, stems laterally compressed, ancipitose, leaves 1.84 to 5.6" x 1 to 1.96" [4.6 to 14.0 x 2.5 to 4.8 cm], ascendent, coriaceous, elliptic, apex bilobed, ovary 3.6 to 4.6" [90 to 115 mm] long, flowers large for the group, sepals pale brown to pale yellow green, petals pale yellow-green, lip white, column creamy white, green towards the base, calli white to pale yellow, sepals 2.68 to 3.36" x .16 to .36" [67 to 84 x 4 to 9 mm], margins revolute so as to become tubular, lip 2 to 2.12" [50 to 53 x 17 to 19 mm]; lateral lobes .84 to 1.12" x .24 to .32" [21 to 28 x 6 to 8 mm]. Epidendrum angustilobum Fawc. & Rendle is widely distributed in the Antilles, Colombia, Venezuela, the Guianas, and occurs as a rare species in Costa Rica and Panama, in wet forests from 500 to 2000 meters altitude; this species exhibits smaller and narrower dark green leaves 3.2 to 4.8" x .8 to 2.8" [8 to 12 x 2 to 7 cm, sepals 1.68 to 2.6" [42 to 65 mm] long, lateral lobes of the mid-lobe obliquely ovate triangular, acute and yellow calli. Epidendrum macroophorum Hágsater & Dodson occurs in the Pacific slope of the Andes from Colombia to southern Ecuador at 100 to 2600 meters altitude; this species is easily recognized by its larger dark green plants, canes up to 51.2" [128 cm] long, longer and wider leaves, 3.8 to 8" x .94 to 2.8" [9.5 to 20 x 2.3 to 7.0 cm], the much longer ovary, 8.8 to 11.2" [220 to 280 mm], sepals 2.48 to 3.12" [62 to 78 mm] long, and semi-ovate and rounded lateral lobes. Epidendrum carpophorum Barb.Rodr. from Rio de Janeiro state has shorter, terete stems, 12" [30 cm] tall, dark green leaves, smaller flowers, sepals 1.6 to 1.64" [40 to 41 mm] long, and a lip .146 x .84" [36 x 21 mm], the lateral lobes semi-ovate, apex acute." Hagsater & Cisneros 2020

Synonyms

References W3 Tropicos, Kew Monocot list , IPNI ; * Icones Orchidacearum 18(1) plate 1840 Hagsater & Santiago 2020 TYPE LCDP/photo fide;

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