Epidendrum ramosum Jacq. 1760 GROUP Ramosum GROUP Ramosum SUBGROUP Ramosum TYPE for group
Photos by © Alejandro Sanchez and his Nature Photography website
Drawing by © Jimenez, Hágsater & E.Santiago and The AMO Herbario Website
Common Name The Branched Epidendrum
Flower Size .4" [1 cm]
Found in Cuba, Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Leewards, Puerto Rico, Trinidad & Tobago, Windwards, Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, French Guiana, Surinam, Guyana, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil in cloud forests at elevations of 50 to 2500 meters as a miniature sized, hot to cool growing epiphyte or terrestrial with a subterete, branching stem enveloped by close fitting, somewhat compressed, leafless and leaf-bearing sheaths and carrying thick, rigid, asymetrical apically leaves that blooms in the winter and spring on a terminal, short, few flowered inflorescence enveloped completely by somewhat inflated floral bracts.
Known by its .6" [1.5 cm] wide leaves and green flowers with a .26 x .18" [6.5 to 4.5 mm] lip. Differs from E pseudoramosum in the laterally compressed stems, 2 to 3 greenish white to yellow flowers with obtuse segments. E ramosum in contrast has cylindrical stems, 3 to 6, green to yellow green flowers with acute segments. "Hagsater etal 2002
"Epidendrum ramosum is the type of GROUP Ramosum GROUP Ramosum SUBGROUP Ramosum characterized by the erect, branched plants, the spike with 3 to 6, greenish flowers at the apex of all branches, the zigzag rachis, the floral segments .16 to .4" [4 to 10 mm] long, and the triangular-ovate lip, acute at apex, and cordate at base. Epidendrum pseudoramosum Schltr. is closely related, but the floral bracts are imbricated, and the lip is obtuse-rounded. Epidendrum mixtum Schltr., has larger plants not so bushy in appearance, and the white-yellowish flowers are larger, the lip being .32 to .4" [8 to 10 mm] long." Hagsater etal 2002
Synonyms Epidendrum imbricatum var. angustifolium Cogn. 1898; Epidendrum modestiflorum Schltr. 1923; Epidendrum ramosum House 1906; Epidendrum ramosum var. angustifolium (Cogn.) L.O.Williams 1941; Epidendrum ramosum var. lineare Stehlé 1939; Epidendrum rigidum Lodd. 1829; Epidendrum sellowii Rchb.f. 1850; Epidendrum zanonii Dod 1993; Isochilus ramosus (Jacq.) Spreng. 1826; Spathiger ramosus (Jacq.) Britton 1924;
References W3 Tropicos, Kew Monocot list , IPNI ; Symbolae Antillanae Vol VI Orchidaceae Urban 1909; Symbolae Antillanae Vol VI Orchidaceae Urban 1909 as E ramosum var lanceolatum; Flora of Jamaica Fawcett & Rendle 1910 drawing fide; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 6: 72 Schlechter 1919; Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni. Veg. Beih. 19: 213. Costa Rica Schlechter 1923 as E modestiflorum; Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni. Veg. Beih. 19: 217. Costa Rica Schlechter 1923; Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni. Veg. Beih. 27:136 Colombia Schlechter 1924 ; The Genus Epidendrum Ames 1936; Catalogo Descriptivo de las Orquideas Cubanas Acuna 1938 as Spathiger ramosum; Flore Descriptive des Antilles Francaises H. Stehle 1939; Flore Descriptive des Antilles Francaises H. Stehle 1939 as E ramosum var linearis; Flore Descriptive des Antilles Francaises H. Stehle 1939 as E ramosum var lanceolatum; The Orchids of Panama L.O. Williams & P Allen 1946; Ceiba Vol 5 No 1 L O Williams 1956; Ceiba Vol 5 No 1 L O Williams 1956 as Epidendrum ramosum var angustifolium; AOS Bulletin Vol 28 No 5 1959; Orchids of Peru Vol 2 Fieldiana Schweinfurth 1959; Native Orchids of Trinidad Schultes 1960; AOS Bulletin Vol 33 #8 1964; Encyclopedia of Cultivated Orchids Hawkes 1965; ; Venezuelan Orchids Illustrated Vol 4 Dunsterville & Garay 1966 drawing fide; Flora De Venezuela, Volumen XV Parte 3 Foldats 1970 drawing good; Die Orchideen lieferung 1 Schlecter/Brieger 1970 photo plant only; Die Orchideen #9 511 - 579 tafel 9 Rudolph Schlechter 1971 photo fide; Flora of the Lesser Antilles Garay & Sweet 1974 drawing fide; Las Orquedias De El Salvador Vol 1 Hamer 1974 drawing/photo fide; Orchidaceae Brasilense Band 1 Pabst & Dungs 1975 drawing fide; AOS Bulletin Vol 49 No 5 1979; Orchids of Venezuela, An Illustrated Field Guide Vol 1 Dunsterville & Garay 1979 drawing fide; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 76 Dodson 1980; Las Orquedias de El Salvador Vol 3 Hamer 1981 drawing fide; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 83 Dodson 1980; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 93 Dodson 1980 drawing fide; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 720 Hamer 1982 see recognition section; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 722 Hamer 1982 see recognition section; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 730 Hamer 1982 see observations; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 741 Hamer 1982 see observations; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 809 Hamer 1983 drawing fide; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 810 Hamer 1983 see observations; The Orchids of Surinam Werkhoven 1986; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 1219 Hamer 1985 see observations; Selbyana Vol 10 Orchids of Central America Hamer 1988 drawing fide; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 1324 Atwood 1989 see observations; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 1326 Atwood 1989 see observations; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Series II plate 0228 Dodson & Vasquez 1989 drawing fide; Icones Orchidacearum 1 Plate 032 Hagsater & Salazar 1990 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 1 Plate 036 Hagsater & Salazar 1990 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 1 Plate 042 Hagsater & Salazar 1990 see recognition section; Orquídea (Méx.) 12(2) 1992 as E modestiflorum photo/drawing fide; Inventaire Taxominique des Plantes de la Guyane Francaise Vol II Les Orchidaceaes Cremers and Hoff 1992; The Orchids of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands Ackerman 1992 drawing fide; The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Orchids Pridgeon 1992 photo fide; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 1523 Atwood 1993 see notes; Icones Planetarum Tropicarum Plate 1523 Atwood 1993; Icones Orchidacearum 2 Plate 122 Hagsater & Sanchez 1993 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 2 Plate 140 Hagsater 1993 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 2 Plate 159 Hagsater 1993 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 2 Plate 160 Hagsater 1993 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 2 Plate 190 Hagsater 1993 see recognition section; Orchids of the High Mountain Atlantic Rainforest in SE Brazil Warren & Miller 1994; Icones Orchidacearum Peruviarum Plate 250 Bennett & Christenson 1995 drawing fide; Manual Of Orchids Stewart 1995; An Orchid Flora Of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands Ackerman 1995 drawing fide; Icones Orchidacearum 3 Plate 301 Hagsater 1999 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 3 Plate 309 Hagsater 1999 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 3 Plate 314 Hagsater 1999 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 3 Plate 315 Hagsater 1999 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 3 Plate 316 Hagsater 1999 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 3 Plate 331 Hagsater 1999 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 3 Plate 340 Hagsater 1999 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 3 Plate 367 Hagsater 1999 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 3 Plate 368 Hagsater 1999 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 3 Plate 372 Hagsater 1999 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 3 Plate 397 Hagsater 1999 see recognition section; Orchids of Venezuela [An illustrated field guide] Vol. 1 Ramiro and Carnevali 2000 drawing fide; Icones Orchidacearum 4 Plate 415 Hagsater 2001 see recognition section; Native Ecuadorian Orchids Vol 2 Dodson 2001 drawing fide; Icones Orchidacearum 4 Plate 425 Hagsater 2001 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 5&6 Plate 580 Hagsater 2002 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 5&6 Plate 581 Hagsater 2002 drawing fide; Manual de las Plantas de Costa Rica Vol 3 Hammel, Grayum, Herrera and Zamora 2003 as E modestiflorum; Manual de las Plantas de Costa Rica Vol 3 Hammel, Grayum, Herrera and Zamora 2003; Orquideas Nativas del Tachira Cesar Fernandez 2003 photo ok; Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana Vol 7 Steyermark, Berry, Yatskievych and Holst 2003; Orchids of Bolivia Vol 2 Laelinae Vasquez and Ibisch 2004 drawing/photo fide; ; Orquideas de la Serrania del Baudo Misas Urreta 2005 drawing/photo fide; Orquideas Da Chapada Diamantina Brito & Cribb 2005 photo/drrawing fide; Orchids of Mexico Hagsater, Soto, Salazar, Jimenez, Lopez and Dressler 2005; The Orchids of Cub Llamacho & Larramendi 2005 photo fide; Icones Orchidacearum 8 Plate 840 Hagsater 2006 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 8 Plate 841 Hagsater 2006 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 8 Plate 872 Hagsater 2006 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 8 Plate 873 Hagsater 2006 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum Vol 9 Plate 907 Hagsater & Sanchez 2007 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 9 Plate 919 Hagsater 2007 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 9 Plate 922 Hagsater 2007 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 9 Plate 923 Hagsater 2007 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 9 Plate 942 Hagsater 2007 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 9 Plate 944 Hagsater 2007 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 9 Plate 948 Hagsater 2007 as E modestiflorum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 9 Plate 951 Hagsater 2007 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 9 Plate 953 Hagsater 2007 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 9 Plate 957 Hagsater 2007 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 9 Plate 966 Hagsater 2007 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 9 Plate 969 Hagsater 2007 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 9 Plate 975 Hagsater 2007 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 9 Plate 977 Hagsater 2007 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 9 Plate 978 Hagsater 2007 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 9 Plate 981 Hagsater 2007 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum 9 Plate 994 Hagsater 2007 see recognition section; Orquideas de la Republica Dominicana Y Haiti Fernandez 2007 photo fide; The Organ Mountain Range Its History and its Orchids Miller, Warren, Miller & Seehawer 2008 drawing/photo fide; Icones Orchidacearum 11 Plate 1123 Hagsater 2008 as E modestiflorum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum Vol 11 Plate 1127 Hagsater & Sanchez 2008 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum Vol 11 Plate 1142 Hagsater & Sanchez 2008 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum Vol 11 Plate 1143 Hagsater & Sanchez 2008 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum Vol 11 Plate 1144 Hagsater & Sanchez 2008 as E modestiflorum drawing fide; Icones Orchidacearum Vol 11 Plate 1169 Hagsater & Sanchez 2008 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum Vol 11 Plate 1176 Hagsater & Sanchez 2008see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum Vol 11 Plate 1183 Hagsater & Sanchez 2008 as E modestiflorum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum Vol 11 Plate 1188 Hagsater & Sanchez 2008 see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum Vol 11 Plate 1195 Hagsater & Sanchez 2008 as E modestiflorum see recognition section; Icones Orchidacearum Vol 11 Plate 1200 Hagsater & Sanchez 2008 see recognition section; Orchids of Costa Rica Vol 3 Morales 2009 photo fide; Icones Orchidacearum 13 Plate 1327 Hagsater & Santiago 2010 as E modestiflorum See recognition section; An Illustrated Field Guide to the Orchids of the Yotoco Forest Reserve Colombia Kolanowska, Escobar, Sanchez & Szlachetko 2011 drawing/photo fide; Orchids of French Guiana Szlachetko, Veyret, etal 2012 drawing/photo fide; Orchidees Du Bresil As Orchideas da Serra Do Castello Vol 3 Chiron & Bolsanello 2013 drawing/photo fide; Guia de Orquideas de Chiapas Carlos Rommel Beutelspacher Baigts 2013 photo fide; Algunas Orquideas de Mexico Tomo 1 Suarez 2013 photo fide; Orchids of the Department of Valle De Cauca Colombia Vol 2 Kolanowska, Hagsater etal. 2014 photo drawing/photo fide; Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles Ackerman 2014; Orchids of the Darien Gap Kolanowska 2014 drawing fide; Orquideas, Tesoro de Colombia Vol 2 Ortiz & Uribe 2017 photo fide; Icones Orchidacearum 16[2] Plate 1669 Hagsater & Sanchez 2018 see recognition section; Genera and Species in Guatemala Archila, Szlachchetko, Chiron, Lipinska, Mystkowska and Bertolini 2018; Orquideas de Farallones de Cali Galindo-Tarazona, Haelterman, Zuluaga Trochez and Sebastian Moreno 2020 photo fide
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
