SUBGENUS Acianthera SECTION Brachystachyae Lindley 1859

Characterized by the short to elongate, but seldom prolific ramicauls [similar species with compressed ramicauls are treated in Section sicariae] carry sessile leaves with margins that are sometimes decurrent on the ramicaul. The usually short, fleshy, racemose inflorescence is terminal from the ramicaul and does not arise through an annulus but can arise from the rhizome as in the case of P johnsonii. The long to short, single to many flowered inflorescence have flowers with fleshy, often pubescent sepals whose laterals are connate. The thick, ligulate lip usually with a pair of calli on the disc is more or less broadly unguiculate and often minutely bilobulate at the delicately hinged base.

1. Pleurothallis adamantinensis Brade 1939 Brazil

2. Pleurothallis agathophylla Rchb.f. 1881 Peru Bolivia and Brazil

3. Pleurothallis alligatorifera Rchb. f. 1865 Brazil

4. Pleurothallis angustifolia Lindl. 1836 Nicaragua, Honduras, Guatemala, Belize and Mexico

5. Pleurothallis angustisepala Ames & Correll 1942 Mexico, Belize and Guatemala

6. Pleurothallis antennata Garay 1953 Brazil

7. Pleurothallis aphthosa Lindl.1838 Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay

8. Pleurothallis aurantiaca Barb.Rodr. 1877 Brazil

9. Pleurothallis aveniformis Hoehne 1950 Brazil

10. Pleurothallis bicarinata Lindl. 1939 Brazil

11. Pleurothallis bicornuta (Barb.Rodr.) Cogn. 1896 Brazil

12. Pleurothallis bidentata Lindl. 1835 Rio de Janiero Brazil

13. Pleurothallis bidentula Barb.Rodr. 1881 Brazil

14. Pleurothallis binotii Regel 1880 Brazil

15. Pleurothallis boliviana Rchb.f. 1855 Bolivia

16. Pleurothallis breedlovei [Soto Arenas, Solano and Salazar] in ed Mexico

17. Pleurothallis breviflora Lindl. 1841 Mexico

18. Pleurothallis calopedilon Toscano & Luer] in ed. Brazil

19. Pleurothallis capanemae Barb.Rodr. 1881 Brazil

20. Pleurothallis carinata C.Schweinf. 1951 Peru

21. Pleurothallis catujiensis [Campacci & Silva] in ed. Brazil

22. Pleurothallis cephalopodiglossa [Toscanp & Luer] in ed. Brazil

23. Pleurothallis chrysantha Lindl. 1859 Mexico

24. Pleurothallis ciliata Knowles ex Westc.1837 Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and northern Brazil

25. Pleurothallis cornejoi [Luer] in ed. Ecuador

26. Pleurothallis cremasta Luer & J.Portilla 2001 Ecuador

27. Pleurothallis cristata (Barb.Rodr.) Cogn. 1896 Brazil

28. Pleurothallis decipiens Ames & C. Schweinf. 1925 Costa Rica, Panama, Ecuador and Venezuela

29. Pleurothallis dueterodubbeldamii [Luer & Sijm] in ed Colombia

30. Pleurothallis ericae [Luer] in ed. Peru

31. Pleurothallis exdrasii Luer & Toscano 2002 Brazil

32. Pleurothallis fabiobarrosii Borba & Semir 2000 Brazil

33. Pleurothallis fockei Lindl. 1859 Brazil, Surinam and Venezuela

34. Pleurothallis foetens Lindl. 1843 Brazil

35. Pleurothallis geminicaulina Ames 1923 Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia and Ecuador

36. Pleurothallis glanduligera Lindl. 1836 Brazil

37. Pleurothallis gracilisepala Brade 1951 Brazil

38. Pleurothallis granitica Luer & G.A.Romero in G.A.Romero & G.Carnevali 2000 Venezuela

39. Pleurothallis guimaraensii Brade 1943 Brazil

40. Pleurothallis heliconioides Luer & R.Vásquez 1980 Bolivia

41. Pleurothallis henrici Schltr. 1921 Ecuador

42. Pleurothallis heringeri Hoehne 1946 Brazil

43. Pleurothallis herrerae Luer 1991 Guatemala

44. Pleurothallis heteropetala Luer 1976 Ecuador

45. Pleurothallis hoffmannseggiana Rchb. f. 1849 Brazil

46. Pleurothallis hondurensis Ames 1924 Belize, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua

47. Pleurothallis hymenantha Lindl. 1835 Brazil, Cuba

48. Pleurothallis javieri [Archila] comb novo Pfahl 2013 Guatemala

49. Pleurothallis johannensis Barb. Rodr. 1881 Brazil

50. Pleurothallis johnsonii Ames 1923 Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Costa Rica and Panama

51. Pleurothallis kegelii Rchb.f. 1877 Surinam and Fr Guiana

52. Pleurothallis klotzschiana Rchb.f. 1850 Brazil

53. Pleurothallis lamia Luer 1979 Ecuador

54. Pleurothallis lanceana Lodd. 1831 Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Venezuela as well as Trinidad

55. Pleurothallis leptotifolia Barb. Rodr. 1877 Brazil

56. Pleurothallis litensis Luer & Hirtz 2001 Ecuador

57. Pleurothallis lojae Schltr. 1921 Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia

58. Pleurothallis macropoda Barb. Rodr. 1881 Brazil

59. Pleurothallis macuconensis Barb.Rodr. 1881 Brazil

60. Pleurothallis madisonii Luer 1979 Ecuador

61. Pleurothallis magalhaesii Pabst 1975 Brazil

62. Pleurothallis marumbyana Garay 1953 Brazil

63. Pleurothallis melachila Barb.Rodr.1881 Brazil

64. Pleurothallis micrantha Barb.Rodr. 1881 Brazil

65. Pleurothallis miguelii Schltr. 1913 Dominican Republic

66. Pleurothallis miqueliana (H.Focke) Lindl. 1859 Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Guyana, Fr Guiana, Surinam and Brazil

67. Pleurothallis modestissima Rchb.f. & Warm. 1881 Brazil

68. Pleurothallis morenoi Luer 1979 Bolivia

69. Pleurothallis morilloi Carnevali & I.Ramírez 1993 Venezuela

70. Pleurothallis moronae Luer & Hirtz 1996 Ecuador

71. Pleurothallis nanella Luer & Hirtz 2003 Ecuador

72. Pleurothallis nemorosa Barb.Rodr. 1877 Brazil

73. Pleurothallis obscura A. Rich. & Galeotti 1845 Mexico

74. Pleurothallis ochreata Lindl. 1835 Brazil

75. Pleurothallis ofella Luer 1982 Ecuador

76. Pleurothallis oligantha Barb.Rodr. 1881 Brazil

77. Pleurothallis omissa Luer 1999 Venezuela

78. Pleurothallis panduripetala Barb.Rodr. 1881 Brazil

79. Pleurothallis papillosa Lindl. 1835 Brazil

80. Pleurothallis pardipes Rchb. f. 1872 Brazil

81. Pleurothallis pavimentata Rchb.f. 1876 Brazil

82. Pleurothallis pollardiana Solano in ed. Mexico

83. Pleurothallis prognatha Luer & R.Escobar 1983 Colombia

84. Pleurothallis pubescens Lindl. 1836 Dominican Republic, Puerto Rica, Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, French Guiana, Surinam, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina

85. Pleurothallis punicea Luer 1975 Ecuador

86. Pleurothallis pustulata [Zambrano & Solano] in ed. Ecuador

87. Pleurothallis quadricristata Luer & Hirtz 2003

88. Pleurothallis quadriserrata Luer 1975 Ecuador

89. Pleurothallis ramosa Barb.Rodr.1881 Brazil

90. Pleurothallis recurva Lindl. 1841 Ecuador, Bolivia and Brazil

91. Pleurothallis rodriguesii Cogn. 1896 Brazil

92. Pleurothallis rostellata Barb.Rodr. 1877 Brazil

93. Pleurothallis saraca-taquerensis [Campacci & Silva] in ed. Brazil

94. Pleurothallis saundersiana Rchb.f. 1866 Colombia, Bolivia, Peru and southeastern Brazil

95. Pleurothallis saurocephala Lodd. 1833 Brazil

96. Pleurothallis serpentula Barb.Rodr.1881 Brazil

97. Pleurothallis serrulatipetala Barb.Rodr.1881 Brazil

98. Pleurothallis silvae Luer & Toscano 2002 Brazil

99. Pleurothallis simpliciflora Dod 1977 Dominican Republic

100. Pleurothallis sonderana Rchb. f. 1849 Brazil

101. Pleurothallis sotoanum[Solano} In ed. Vera Cruz, Oaxaca and Chiapas states of Mexico

102. Pleurothallis strupifolia Lindl. 1839 Brazil

103. Pleurothallis sulcata Porsch 1905 Brazil

104. Pleurothallis teres Lindl. 1836 Brazil

105. Pleurothallis tikalensis Correll & C. Schweinf. 1965 Mexico, Belize and Guatemala

106. Pleurothallis toachica Luer & Dodson 1996 Ecuador

107. Pleurothallis tokachii Luer 1997 Peru

108. Pleurothallis translucida Barb.Rodr. 1881 Brazil

109. Pleurothallis tristis Barb.Rodr. 1882 Brazil

110. Pleurothallis unguicallosa Ames & C.Schweinf. 1930 Mexico

111. Pleurothallis variegata Barb.Rodr. 1877 Brazil

112. Pleurothallis venulosa Luer & R.Vásquez 2004 Bolivia

113. Pleurothallis verecunda Schltr. 1922 Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama and Ecuador

114. Pleurothallis violacea A.Rich. & Galeotti 1845 Mexico, Guatemala and El Salvador

115. Pleurothallis viridis Luer & Hirtz 1996 Ecuador

116. Pleurothallis wageneriana Klotzsch 1852 Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Venezuela and Brazil

117. Pleurothallis wilsonii Lindl. 1858

118. Pleurothallis wyvern Luer & R.Escobar 1981 Colombia and Ecuador