Welcome to the Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia
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Genera or species names that are synonyms of current names are denoted with a ~.
The basiosynonym of a species is denoted with a "*". The basiosynonym is the very first name that a species had before it was changed to the current species name. If you have a name in parenthesis preceding another name, the name in parentheses is the basiosynonym. An example: ~*Ophrys bicolor Naegeli - See Ophrys apifera var. bicolor (Naegeli) Nelson: Ophyrs bicolor is the basiosynonym and in the current name the parentheses, (Naegeli), is the namer of the basiosynonym, while Nelson is the namer of the current species Ophyrs apifera var. bicolor.
If a genus is complete [all of the species are represented] it is preceded by a `
! denotes the Type Species of the genus
* denotes the basionym or original name with the same species taxon
I have decided to include synonyms in the alphabetical listings because I have found it frustrating to find that some growers do not stay currrent in their plant names and as such we the consumer end up buying a plant that we feel is an exotic different species only to find that it is a plant that we have had for years under the correct name. An example, Brassavola rhopalorrhachis Rchb.f is actually the common species Brassavola nodosa [L]Lindley.
Symbol Chart:
Fragrance = 
Light Meter Icons; Full Shade = 
Dappled shade or Partial Shade = 
Bright Light or Full light = 
Full Sun = 
Temperature Icons;
Cold = 
2500 Meters and Up, 50`F to 55`F night average - - Cool = 
1800 to 2500 Meters, 58`F to 60`F night average
Warm = 
1000 meters to 1800 meters, 68`F to 75`F night average - - Hot = 
Sea Level to 1000 Meters, 75`F to 85`F
Season Icons;
Spring = 
Summer = 
Fall = 
Winter = 
SIZE: Miniature - under 6" tall leaf and pseudobulb Small - under 12" tall leaf and pseudobulb Medium - under 24" tall Large - under 48" tall Giant - Over 48" tall
Orchiastrum Ség. 1754 - See Spiranthes L. C. Rich. 1817 SUBFAMILY Spiranthoideae, TRIBE Cranichideae, SUBTRIBE Spiranthinae.
~Orchiastrum porrifolium (Lindl.) Greene 1894 - See Spiranthes porrifolia Lindl. 1840
~Orchiastrum romanzoffianum (Cham.) Greene 1894 - See Spiranthes romanzoffiana Cham. 1828
Orchiastrum Lem 1855 - See Spiranthes L. C. Rich. 1817 SUBFAMILY Spiranthoideae, TRIBE Cranichideae, SUBTRIBE Spiranthinae.
~× Orchidactyla P.F.Hunt & Summerh. 1965 - See Orchis L. 1753 SUBFAMILY Orchidoideae, TRIBE Orchideae SUBTRIBE Orchidinae
~×Orchidactyla carpetana (Pau) Borsos & Soó 1966 - See Orchis coriophora subsp. fragrans (Pollini) K. Richter 1890
~×Orchidactyla kabyliensis (G.Keller) Aver. 1986 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~×Orchidactyla kromayeri (M.Schulze) Borsos & Soó 1966 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~×Orchidactyla pentecostalis (Wettst. & Sennholz) Borsos & Soó 1966 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~×Orchidactyla speciosissima (Wettst. & Sennholz) Borsos & Soó 1966 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~`Orchidium Sw. 1816 - See Calypso Salisb. 1807 SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Calypsoeae
~Orchidium americanum Steud. 1840 - See Calypso bulbosa (L.) Oakes 1842
~Orchidium arcticum Sw. 1814 - See Calypso bulbosa (L.) Oakes 1842
~Orchidium boreale Sw. 1814 - See Calypso bulbosa (L.) Oakes 1842
~`Orchidofunckia A.Rich. & Galeotti 1845 - See SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Maxillareae, SUBTRIBE Cryptarrheninae.
~Orchidofunckia pallidiflora A.Rich. & Galeotti 1845 - See Cryptarrhena lunata R.Br. 1816
~Orchiodes Kuntze 1891 - See Goodyera R. Br. 1813 SUBFAMILY Orchidoideae, TRIBE Diuridieae, SUBTRIBE Caladentinae.
There are approximately 25 species in this terrestrial cool growing genus found in the temperate zones of Europe, Asia and America.
~Orchiodes bifidum (Blume) Kuntze 1891 - See Goodyera bifida (Blume) Blume 1858
~Orchiodes calvum (Lindl.) Kuntze 1891 - See Goodyera bifida (Blume) Blume 1858
~Orchiodes celebicum (Blume) Kuntze 1891 - See Goodyera rubicunda (Blume) Lindl. 1839
~Orchiodes cordatum (Lindl.) Kuntze 1891 - See Goodyera viridiflora (Blume) Blume 1858
~Orchiodes decipiens (Hook.) Kuntze 1891 - See Goodyera oblongifolia Raf. 1833
~Orchiodes discolor (Lindl.) Kuntze 1891 - See Ludisia discolor (Ker Gawl.) A. Rich. ?
~Orchiodes fumatum (Thwaites) Kuntze 1891 - See Goodyera fumata Thwaites 1861
~Orchiodes grande (Blume) Kuntze 1891 - See Goodyera rubicunda (Blume) Lindl. 1839
~Orchiodes hispidum (Lindl.) Kuntze 1891 - See Goodyera hispida Lindl. 1857
~Orchiodes marginatum (Lindl.) Kuntze 1891 - See Goodyera repens (Linne) R. Brown 1813
~Orchiodes parviflorum (Hassk.) Kuntze 1891 - See Goodyera procera (Ker Gawl.) Hook. 1823
~Orchiodes procerum (Ker Gawl.) Kuntze 1891 - See Goodyera procera (Ker Gawl.) Hook. 1823
~Orchiodes pubescens (Willd.) Kuntze 1891 - See Goodyera pubescens (Willd.) R.Br. 1813
~Orchiodes quercilobum Kuntze 1891 - See Platythelys querceticola (Lindl.) Garay 1977
~Orchiodes repens (L.) Kuntze 1891 - See Goodyera repens (Linne) R. Brown 1813
~Orchiodes resupinatum Kuntze 1891 - See Goodyera repens (Linne) R. Brown 1813
~Orchiodes reticulatum (Blume) Kuntze 1891 - See Goodyera reticulata (Blume) Blume 1858
~Orchiodes rubicundum (Blume) Kuntze 1891 - See Goodyera rubicunda (Blume) Lindl. 1839
~Orchiodes schlechtendalianum (Rchb. f.) Kuntze 1891 - See Goodyera schlechtendaliana Rchb. f. 1849
~Orchiodes viridiflorum (Blume) Kuntze 1891 - See Goodyera viridiflora (Blume) Blume 1858
~Orchiodes Trew. 1736 - See Goodyera R. Br. 1813 SUBFAMILY Orchidoideae, TRIBE Diuridieae, SUBTRIBE Caladentinae.
There are approximately 25 species in this terrestrial cool growing genus found in the temperate zones of Europe, Asia and America.
Orchis L. 1753 SUBFAMILY Orchidoideae, TRIBE Orchideae SUBTRIBE Orchidinae
There are 30 or so species in this erect terrestrial genus that are spread from Europe to China and have tubers instead of psuedobulbs. ticles
Synonyms Chondradenia Maxim. ex Makino 1902; Galeorchis Rydb. 1901
Type Species = ! = Orchis militaris L. 1753
~*Orchis abortiva Linne 1753 - See Limodorum abortivum (Linne) Swartz 1799
~Orchis abortivum [Linne]Sw. - See Limodorum abortivum (Linne) Swartz 1799
~Orchis acuminata Desfontaines 1783 - See Orchis lactea Poiret 1789
~Orchis acuta Banks ex Pursh 1813 - See Habenaria hyperborea (L.) R. Br. 1813
~Orchis aetnensis Tineo in G.Gussone 1844 - See Orchis tridentata Scopoli 1772
~Orchis affinis C. Koch 1849 - See Dactylorhiza latifolia (Linne) Soó 1983
~Orchis africana Klinge 1898 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis agastachys Fisch. ex Lindl. 1835 - See Habenaria dilatata (Pursh) Hook. 1825
~Orchis alba Lam. 1795 - See Platanthera bifolia (Linne) L.C.M. Richard 1817
~Orchis albanica Gölz & H.R.Reinhard 1984 - See Orchis morio Linne 1753
~Orchis albida Scopoli 1772 - See Pseudorchis albida (Linne) A. & D. Löve 1969
~*Orchis alpestris Pugsley 1935 - See Dactylorhiza alpestris (Pugsley) Aver. 1983
~Orchis alpina [Seg.] Crantz 1769 - See Pseudorchis albida (Linne) A. & D. Löve 1969
~Orchis alpina (L.) Scop. 1772 - See Chamorchis alpina (Linne) L.C.M. Richard 1886
~Orchis altaica (Rchb.f.) Soó 1933- See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis ambigua Degl. ex Le Gall 1852 - See Orchis laxiflora Lamarck 1778
~Orchis ambigua Martrin-Donos 1864 - See Dactylorhiza latifolia (Linne) Soó 1983
~Orchis amblyoloba Nevski 1935 - See Dactylorhiza latifolia (Linne) Soó 1983
~Orchis amoena Crantz 1769 - See Orchis ustulata Linne 1753
Photo courtesy of F.Verhart and the Orchids of France and Europe
Common Name The Anatolian Orchis [Region Of Turkey]
Flower Size about 5/8" [2.75 cm]
A cool growing terrestrial orchid that is found in Greece, Turkey, Syria, Lebaenon, Israel and Jordan, that blooms in the spring on a 2 to 4" [5 to 10 cm] long, loosely many flowered inflorescence.
Synonyms Orchis anatolica subsp. sitiaca Renz 1932; Orchis anatolica subsp. troodi (Renz) Renz 1932; Orchis anatolica var. troodi Renz 1929; Orchis rariflora K.Koch 1846; Orchis sitiaca (Renz) P.Delforge 1990; Orchis troodi (Renz) P.Delforge 1990
~Orchis anatolica subsp. sitiaca Renz 1932 - See Orchis anatolica Boissier 1844
~Orchis anatolica subsp. troodi (Renz) Renz 1932 - See Orchis anatolica Boissier 1844
~Orchis anatolica var. troodi Renz 1929 - See Orchis anatolica Boissier 1844
~Orchis angustifolia Loiseleur ex Rchb. 1831 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis angustifolia f. acuminata Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. ammatica Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. amplivaginata Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. angustivaginata Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. anziensis Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. brevispicata Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. comosa Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. densiflora Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. densissima Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. densiuscula Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. fichtenbergii Klinge 1893 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. friesii Klinge 1893 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. gracilis Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. immaculata Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. laxa Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. laxiflora Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. laxiuscula Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. lehnertii Klinge 1893 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. levaschevoica Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. longispicata Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. oblonga Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. obtusifolia Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. paanajaervica Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. papjerwica Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. perhoica Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. pulcherrima Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. reichenbachii Klinge 1893 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. remota Klinge 1893 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. robustior Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. rosiensis Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. sauteri Klinge 1893 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. schmidtii Klinge 1893 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. schurii Klinge 1893 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. spathulata Klinge 1893 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. spathulata Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. subcurva Klinge 1893 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. suberecta Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia f. tiudiensis Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia subf. conferta Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia subf. densata Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia subf. dissita Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia subf. elegantior Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia subf. filiformis Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia subf. immaculata Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia subf. intermedia Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia subf. laxata Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia subf. maculata Klinge 1893 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia subf. strictior Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia subf. subcurva (Klinge) Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia subf. superans Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia subf. venusta Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia subf. venusta Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia subsp. pycnantha L.Neumann in ?. - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. abeliana Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. blyttii Klinge 1893 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. brevifolia Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. elongata Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. erecta Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. estonica Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. gracillima Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. haussknechtii Klinge 1893 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis angustifolia var. immaculata Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. mielichhoferi Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. nylandri Klinge 1893 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. patens Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. poenalica Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. recurva Klinge 1893 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. reolana Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. rigidula Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. sanionis Klinge 1893 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. sauteri (Klinge) Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. stricta Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. superba Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. tarbatonica Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis angustifolia var. tenuifolia Klinge 1899 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis anthropophora All. 1785 - See Aceras anthropophora R. Br. 1789
~*Orchis aphylla Forssk. 1775 - See Epipogium aphyllum [Forssk. ] Swartz 1814
~Orchis apifera (Huds.) Salisb. 1796 - See Ophrys apifera Hudson 1761
~Orchis appendiculata Stokes 1812 - See Anacamptis pyramidalis [L.] L.C.Rich. 1818
~Orchis arachnites Scop. 1772 - See Ophrys fuciflora (F.W. Schmidt) Moench 1842
~*Orchis aristata Fisch. ex Lindl. 1835 - See Dactylorhiza aristata (Fisch. ex Lindl.) Soó 1962
~Orchis aristata var. immaculata Makino 1932 - See Dactylorhiza aristata (Fisch. ex Lindl.) Soó 1962
~Orchis aristata var. maculata Makino 1932 - See Dactylorhiza aristata (Fisch. ex Lindl.) Soó 1962
~Orchis aristata var. perbracteata Lepage 1952 - See Dactylorhiza aristata (Fisch. ex Lindl.) Soó 1962
~Orchis atlantica Willd. 1805 - See Neotinea maculata (Desfontaines) Stearn 1975
~Orchis atropurpurea Tausch 1831 - See Nigritella rubra (Wettstein) K. Richter 1890
~Orchis basilica L. ex Klinge 1898 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis basilica subsp. cartaliniae Kinge 1898 - See Dactylorhiza latifolia (Linne) Soó 1983
~Orchis batrachites Schrank 1786 - See Coeloglossum viride [L.]Hartm. 1820
~Orchis beeringiana (Cham.) Kudô 1922 - See Dactylorhiza aristata (Fisch. ex Lindl.) Soó 1962
~*Orchis bicornis L. 1760 - See Satyrium bicorne (L.) Thunb. 1794
~Orchis bicornis Gilib. 1792 - See !Anacamptis pyramidalis [L.] L.C.Rich. 1818
~Orchis biermannii Ortm. 1850 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~*Orchis bifolia Linne 1763 - See Platanthera bifolia (Linne) L.C.M. Richard 1817
~Orchis bifolia var. major Besser 1809 - See Platanthera bifolia (Linne) L.C.M. Richard 1817
~Orchis bipunctata Raf. 1814 - See Orchis quadripunctata Cyrillo ex Tenore 1811
~*Orchis blephariglottis Willd. 1805 - See Habenaria blephariglottis (Willd.) Hook. 1824
~Orchis bosniaca Beck 1887 - See Dactylorhiza latifolia (Linne) Soó 1983
~Orchis brachiata Gilib. 1792 - See Orchis purpurea Hudson 1761
~Orchis brachystachys d'Urv. 1822 - See Anacamptis pyramidalis [L.] L.C.Rich. 1818
~
~Orchis bracteata Muhl Willd. 1805 - See Coeloglossum viride (L.) Hartm. 1820
~Orchis bracteata Ten. 1811 - See Dactylorhiza romana (Sebastiani) Soó 1962
Photo courtesy of J.M.Lewin and the Orchids of France and Europe
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A cool to cold growing terrestrial orchid that is found in Sardinia and Sicily and blooms in the spring.
Synonyms Anacamptis brancifortii Lindl. 1835; Anacamptis quadripunctata Lindl. 1835; Orchis brancifortii f. maculata J.Baláz & M.Baláz 1995; Orchis quadripunctata subsp. brancifortii (Bivona-Bernardi) E.G. Camus 1928
~Orchis brancifortii f. maculata J.Baláz & M.Baláz 1995 - See Orchis brancifortii Bivona-Bernardi 1813
~Orchis brevicornis var. fallax De Not. 1844 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis brevilabris Fisch. & C.A.Mey. 1854 - See Orchis tridentata Scopoli 1772
~Orchis broteroana Rivas Goday & Bellot 1946 - See Traunsteinera globosa (Linne) Rchb. 1842
~Orchis bruhnsiana (Gruner) Mojorov ex Grossh. 1928 - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~Orchis calvellii A.Terracc. 1889-1890 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis candida A.Terracc. 1910 - See Orchis morio Linne 1753
~Orchis candidissima Krock. 1814 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~*Orchis caprina Biebl 1819 - See Himantoglossum caprinum (Bieb.) Spreng 1826
~Orchis × carpetana (Willk.) Pau 1921 - See Orchis coriophora subsp. fragrans (Pollini) K. Richter 1890
~Orchis cassidea M-Bieberstein 1819 - See Orchis coriophora subsp. fragrans (Pollini) K. Richter ?
~Orchis caspia Trautv. 1873 - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~Orchis cartaliniae (Klinge) Medw. 1919 - See Dactylorhiza latifolia (Linne) Soó 1983
~Orchis caucasica Regel 1898 - See Orchis purpurea Hudson 1761
Photo courtesy of Pascal Pernot and the Orchids of France and Europe
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Common Name The Hunter's Orchis
A Spanish cool to cold growing terrestrial orchid that blooms in the spring.
Synonyms Barlia cazorlensis (Lacaita) Szlach. 2001; Orchis laxiflora subsp. cazorlensis (Lacaita) O.Bolòs & Vigo 2001; Orchis spitzelii subsp. cazorlensis (Lacaita) D.Rivera & Lopez Velez 1987
~Orchis cercopitheca Poir 1798 - See Orchis simia Lamarck 1767
~*Ophrys cernua L. 1763 - See Spiranthes cernua (L.) Rich. 1817
Photo courtesy of Pascal Pernot and His Orchids of France and Europe
This cold growing terrestrial species comes from western Europe and blooms in the spring.
Synonyms Anacamptis champagneuxii (Barnéoud) R.M.Bateman, A.M.Pridgeon & M.W.Chase 1997; Orchis morio subsp. champagneuxii (Barneoud) Camus 1929; Orchis morio var. champagneuxii (Barneoud) Guimar 1887
~Orchis champagneuxii var. mesomelana (Rchb.f.) D.Tyteca 1986 - See Orchis morio Linne 1753
~*Orchis chlorantha Cluster 1827 - See Platanthera chlorantha (Custer) Rchb. 1828
~Orchis chlorotica Woronow 1909 - See Orchis collina Banks & Solander ?
~Orchis chondradenia Makino 1902 - See Orchis fauriei Finet 1808
~Orchis chonorchis All. - See Herminium monorchis [L.]R.Br. 1813
~Orchis cilaris L. 1753 - See Platanthera ciliaris (L.) Lindl. 1835
~Orchis ciliaris var. alba Michx. 1803 - See Habenaria blephariglottis (Willd.) Hook. 1824
~Orchis cimicina Crantz 1769 - See Orchis coriophora Linne 1753
~Orchis cinerea Schrank 1789 - See Orchis militaris Linne 1753
~Orchis clavata B.Heyne ex Hook.f. 1890 - See Habenaria aurantiaca Rolfe ex Downie 1925
~*Orchis clavellata Michx. 1803 - See Platanthera clavellata (Michx.) Luer 1972
Orchis clavellata var. tridentata Muhl. 1813 - See Platanthera clavellata (Michx.) Luer 1972
~Orchis cochleata Fleischm. & M.Schulze 1902 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
Photo courtesy of Th.Pain and the Orchids of France and Europe
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Common Name The Hill-Living Orchis
Found in Spain, France, Italy, Greece, the Greek islands, Turkey, Cyprus, Syria and Lebanon as a miniature to medium sized, cold to cool growing terrestrial orchid that has 2 to 4 basal, oblong-ovate to oblong-ligulate leaves and blooms in the winter and spring on a cylindric or oblong, 2 to 15 flowered, racemose inflorescence.
Synonyms Anacamptis collina (Banks & Sol.ex Russell) R.M.Bateman, A.M.Pridgeon & M.W.Chase 1997; Barlia collina (Banks & Sol. ex Russell) Szlach. 2001; Orchis chlorotica Woronow 1909; Orchis collina f. flavescens Soó in G.Keller & al. 1932; Orchis collina f. purpurea Maire & Weiller 1959; Orchis collina subsp. chlorotica (Woronow) Aver. 1994; Orchis collina subsp. fedtschenkoi (Czerniak.) Aver. 1994;Orchis fedtschenkoi Czerniak. 1922; Orchis fredtschenkoi Czerniakowska 1922; Orchis leucoglossa Schwarz 1934; Orchis saccata Tenore 1811; Orchis saccata f. flavescens (Soó) Raynaud 1985; Orchis saccata lus. flavescens Soó 1932; Orchis saccata var. fedtschenkoi (Czerniak.) Hautz. 1978; Orchis sparsiflora Ten. ex Boiss. 1882; Vermeulenia chlorotca (Woronow) Á.Löve & D.Löve 1972; Vermeulenia fedtschenkoi (Czerniak.) Á.Löve & D.Löve 1972
~Orchis collina f. flavescens Soó in G.Keller & al. 1932 - See Orchis collina Banks & Solander 1794
~Orchis collina f. purpurea Maire & Weiller 1959 - See Orchis collina Banks & Solander 1794
~Orchis collina subsp. chlorotica (Woronow) Aver. 1994 - See Orchis collina Banks & Solander 1794
~Orchis collina subsp. fedtschenkoi (Czerniak.) Aver. 1994 - See Orchis collina Banks & Solander 1794
~Orchis columnae Schmidt 1791 - See Orchis ustulata Linne 1753
~Orchis commutata Tod. 1842 - See Traunsteinera globosa (Linne) Rchb. 1842
~Orchis comosa F.W.Schmidt 1795 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis comosa Schur 1866 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis comosa Scop. 1772- See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis compressiflora Stokes 1812 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis condensa Schur 1866 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis condensata Desf. 1799 - See Anacamptis pyramidalis [L.] L.C.Rich. 1818
Photo courtesy of Th.Pain and the Orchids of France and Europe
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Common Name The Conical Orchis
Found in France, Spain, Portugal and North Africa as a cold to cool growing terrestrial orchid that blooms in the late winter and spring.
Synonyms Neotinea conica (Willd.) R.M.Bateman 2003; Neotinea tridentata subsp. conica (Willd.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase 1997; Orchis ennensis Guss. ex Tineo 1817; Orchis pusilla Tyteca 1984; Orchis tridentata subsp. conica (Willd.) O.Bolòs & Vigo 2001
~Orchis conopea Gras 1862 - See Gymnadenia conopsea (Linne) R. Brown 1813
~*Orchis conopsea Linne 1753 - See Gymnadenia conopsea (Linne) R. Brown 1813
~Orchis cordata Willd. 1805 - See Gennaria diphylla (Link) Parl. 1958
~Orchis cordifolia Munby 1855 - See Gennaria diphylla (Link) Parl. 1958
~Orchis coreana Nakai 1914 - See Coeloglossum viride [L.]Hartm. 1820
~Orchis coreosmus St.-Lag. 1880 - See Orchis coriophora Linne 1753
Photo courtesy of M.Verhart and the Orchids of France and Europe
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Common Name The Bug Orchis
Flower Size about 5/8" [1.7 cm]
Found in all of Europe except, England, Ireland, the Netherlands, Denmark, and Scandanavia; also from North Africa and the Levant in slightly acidic soil at elevations of sea leavel to 2200 meters as a small to large sized, cold to cool growing terrestrial orchid with 4 to 10 basal, linear to linear-lanceolate leaves that blooms in the spring and summer on a oblong or cylindrical, 1 1/2 to 4 1/2' [45 to 135 cm] long, densly many [15 to 25] flowered inflorescence with fragrant, color variable flowers.
Synonyms Anacamptis coriophora (L.) R.M.Bateman 1997, A.M.Pridgeon & M.W.Chase 1997; Anteriorchis coriophora (L.) E.Klein & Strack 1989; Anteriorchis coriophora subsp. martrinii (Timb.-Lagr.) Jacquet 1997; Orchis cimicinus Crantz 1835; Orchis coreosmus St.-Lag. 1880; Orchis coriophora subsp. carpetana (Willk.) Malag. 1968; Orchis coriophora subsp. martrinii (Timb.-Lagr.) Nyman 1882; Orchis coriophora var. dolichoceras Maire 1939; Orchis coriophora var. elongata Maire 1940; Orchis coriophora var. lusciniarum Maire 1939; Orchis coriophora var. major E.G.Camus 1900; Orchis coriophora var. polliniana (Spreng.) Pollard 1824; Orchis coriophora var. sennenii A.Camus 1928; Orchis coriophora var. subsancta Balayer 1986; Orchis coriophora var. symphypetala Brot. 1827 ; Orchis fragrans var. elongata (Maire) Raynaud 1985; Orchis fragrans var. polliniana (Spreng.) Pollard 1824; Orchis martrinii Timb.-Lagr. 1856; Orchis polliniana Spreng. 1815;
~Orchis coriophora subsp. carpetana (Willk.) Malag. 1968 - See Orchis coriophora Linne 1753
Orchis coriophora subsp. fragrans (Pollini) K. Richter 1890
Photo courtesy of P.Pernot and the Orchids of France and Europe
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Found in France, Corsica, Sardinia and Elba as a cool to cold growing terrestrial orchid that blooms in the spring with fragrant flowers.
Synonyms Anacamptis coriophora subsp. carpetana (Willk.) Bernardos 2002; Anacamptis coriophora subsp. fragrans (Pollini) R.M.Bateman, A.M.Pridgeon & M.W.Chase 1997; Anacamptis fragrans (Pollini) R.M.Bateman 2003; Anteriorchis coriophora subsp. fragrans (Pollini) Jacquet 1997; Anteriorchis fragrans (Pollini) Szlach. 2001; Orchis × carpetana (Willk.) Pau 1921; Orchis cassidea M-Bieberstein 1819; Orchis coriophora subsp. carpetana (Willk.) Malag. 1968; ; Orchis coriophora var. carpetana Willk. 1870; Orchis coriophora var. fragrans (Pollini) Boiss. 1842; *Orchis fragrans Pollini 1811; × Orchidactyla carpetana (Pau) Borsos & Soó 1966
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~Orchis coriophora subsp. martrinii (Timb.-Lagr.) Nyman 1882 - See Orchis coriophora Linne 1753
~Orchis coriophora subsp. sancta (Linne) Hayek - See Orchis sancta Linne 1753
~Orchis coriophora var. carpetana Willk. 1870 - See Orchis coriophora subsp. fragrans (Pollini) K. Richter 1890
~Orchis coriophora var. dolichoceras Maire 1939 - See Orchis coriophora Linne 1753
~Orchis coriophora var. elongata Maire 1940 - See Orchis coriophora Linne 1753
~Orchis coriophora var. fragrans (Pollini) Boiss. 1842 - See Orchis coriophora subsp. fragrans (Pollini) K. Richter 1890
~Orchis coriophora var. lusciniarum Maire 1939 - See Orchis coriophora Linne 1753
~Orchis coriophora var. major E.G.Camus 1900 - See Orchis coriophora Linne 1753
~Orchis coriophora var. polliniana (Spreng.) Pollard 1824 - See Orchis coriophora Linne 1753
~Orchis coriophora var. sancta (Linne) Rchb. fil. - See Orchis sancta Linne 1753
~Orchis coriophora var. sennenii A.Camus 1928 - See Orchis coriophora Linne 1753
~Orchis coriophora var. subsancta Balayer 1986 - See Orchis coriophora Linne 1753
~Orchis coriophora var. symphypetala Brot. 1827 - See Orchis coriophora Linne 1753
~Orchis cornopica Mill. 1768 - See Gymnadenia conopsea (Linne) R. Brown 1813
~Orchis corsica Viv. 1824 - See Orchis lactea Poiret 1789
~Orchis crenulata Gilib. 1792 - See Orchis morio L. 1753
~*Orchis cristata Michx. 1803 - See Platanthera cristata (Michx.) Lindl. 1835
~*Orchis cruenta O.F. Müller 1762 - See Dactylorhiza cruenta (O.F. Müller) Soó 1962
~Orchis cruentiformis Neuman 1909 - See Dactylorhiza cruenta (O.F. Müller) Soó 1962
~Orchis cupanii Tod. 1842 - See Orchis quadripunctata Cyrillo ex Tenore 1811
~Orchis curvifolia F.Nyl. 1844 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis cyrenaica E.A.Durand & Barrette 1910 - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~Orchis cyrilli Tenore 1820 - See Orchis provincialis Balbis ex Lamarck & De Candolle 1806
~Orchis decipiens Tod. - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~*Orchis dentata Sw. 1800 - See Habenaria dentata (Sw.) Schltr. 1919
~Orchis dilatata Pursh 1814 - See Habenaria dilatata (Pursh) Hook. 1825
~Orchis dinsmorei (Schltr.) H.Baumann & Dafni 1981 - See Orchis laxiflora Lamarck 1778
~Orchis diphylla (Link) Samp. 1913 - See Gennaria diphylla (Link) Parl. 1958
~*Orchis discolor Pursh 1814 - See Tipularia discolor (Pursh) Nutt. 1818
~Orchis divaricata Rich. ex Loisel. 1807 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis divaricata Boreau 1849 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis dolichorhiza Fisch. ex Lindl. 1835 - See Platanthera stricta Lindl. 1835
~Orchis dubia Le Gall 1852 - See Orchis laxiflora Lamarck 1778
~Orchis duquesnii Nyman 1855 - See Anacamptis pyramidalis [L.] L.C.Rich. 1818
~Orchis durandii Boissier & Reuter 1852 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis ecalcarata Costa & Vayr 1880 - See Neotinea maculata (Desfontaines) Stearn 1975
~*Orchis elata Poiret 1789 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis elata f. alba Soó 1933 - See Dactylorhiza latifolia (Linne) Soó 1983
~Orchis elata f. elongata (Maire) Soó 1933 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis elata f. leucantha Maire & Weiller 1959 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis elata f. mairei Soó 1933 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis elata f. maroccanica Soó 1927 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis elata f. pallida Maire & Weiller in R.C.J.Maire 1959 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis elata f. peltieri Soó 1933 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis elata f. speciosissima Soó 1933 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis elata subsp. durandii (Boiss. & Reut.) Soó 1927 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis elata subsp. munbyana (Boiss. & Reut.) E.G.Camus 1928 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis elata subvar. durandiana Maire & Weiller 1959 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis elata subvar. stephensonii Maire & Weiller 1959 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis elata var. algerica (Rchb.) Maire & Weiller 1959 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis elata var. elongata Maire 1931 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis elata var. munbyana (Boiss. & Reut.) Soó 1933 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis elata var. poiretiana Maire & Weiller 1959 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis elatior Afzel. ex Rchb.f. 1851 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis elegans var. dinsmorei (Schltr.) H.I.Schäf. 1971 - See Orchis laxiflora Lamarck 1778
~Orchis elodes Griseb. 1845 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis ennensis Guss. ex Tineo 1817 - See Orchis conica Willd. 1805
~Orchis ensifolia Villars 1787 - See Orchis laxiflora Lamarck 1778
~Orchis ericetorum (E.F.Linton) A.Benn. 1905 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis erubescens Zucc. 1824 - See Gymnadenia odoratissima (Linne) L.C.M. Richard 1818
~*Orchis expansa Tenore 1829 - See Orchis papilionacea subsp. expansa (Tenore) Raynaud ?
~Orchis extensa Hartm. ex Pritz. 1855 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis falcata Thunb. 1784 - See Neofinetia falcata [Thunb.] H.H.Hu 1925
~Orchis fallax (De Not.) Willk. in M.Willkomm & J.M.C.Lange 1861 - See
~Orchis fasciculata Tineo 1844 - See Dactylorhiza insularis (Sommier) Landwehr 1969
~Orchis fastigiata (Thouars) Spreng. 1826 - See Cynorkis fastigiata Thouars 1822
~Orchis fedtschenkoi Czerniak. 1922 - See Orchis collina Banks & Solander 1794
~Orchis ferruginea (F.W.Schmidt) F.W.Schmidt 1795 - See Coeloglossum viride [L.]Hartm. 1820
~Orchis festiva Heuff. ex Rochel 1838 - See Orchis palustris Jacquin 1786
~Orchis filicornis L.f. 1782 - See Disa filicornis (L.) Thunb. 1794
~Orchis filicornis Thonn.1827 - See Disa filicornis (L.) Thunb. 1794
~Orchis fissa Muhl. ex Willd. 1805 - See Platanthera psycodes (L.) Lindl. 1835
~Orchis fistulata Stokes 1812 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa(Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~*Orchis fistulosa Moench 1794 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa(Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis flavescens C. Koch 1849 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis foliosa Sw. 1800 - See Habenaria epipactidea Rchb.f. 1867
~Orchis foliosa Masson ex Ker Gawl. 1819 - See Barlia robertiana (Loisel.) Greuter 1967
~*Orchis foliosa Solander 1831 - Dactylorhiza foliosa (Solander) Soó 1962
~Orchis foliosa Spreng. 1826 - See Habenaria monorrhiza [Sw.]Rchb.f 1885
~Orchis fragrans Ten. 1811 - See Barlia robertiana (Loisel.) Greuter 1967
~*Orchis fragrans Pollini 1811 - See Orchis coriophora subsp. fragrans (Pollini) K. Richter ?
~Orchis fragrans var. elongata (Maire) Raynaud 1985 - See Orchis coriophora Linne 1753
~Orchis fragrans var. polliniana (Spreng.) Pollard 1824 - See Orchis coriophora Linne 1753
~Orchis francis-drucei Wilmott 1936 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis fredtschenkoi Czerniakowska 1972 - See Orchis collina Banks & Solander ?
~*Orchis fuchsii Druce 1915 - See Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soó 1962
~Orchis fuciflora Crantz 1769 - See Ophrys fuciflora (F.W. Schmidt) Moench 1842
~Orchis fusca Jacquin 1776 - See Orchis purpurea Hudson 1761
~Orchis fusca var. stenoloba Coss. & Germ. 1845 - See Orchis italica Poiret 1789
~Orchis fuscata Pall. 1776 - See Orchis purpurea Huds. 1761
~Orchis galeata Poiret 1789 - See Orchis militaris Linne 1753
~Orchis geniculata Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don 1825 - See Habenaria dentata [Sw.]Schlechter 1919
~Orchis georgica (Klinge) Medw. 1919 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis germanorum Moritz 1844 - See Orchis palustris Jacquin 1786
~Orchis glaucophylla A. Kern - See Orchis mascula L. 1755
~*Orchis globosa Linne 1759 - See Traunsteinera globosa (Linne) Rchb. 1842
~Orchis globosa Brot. 1804 - See Traunsteinera globosa (Linne) Rchb. 1842
~Orchis globosa var. major Schur 1866 - See Traunsteinera globosa (Linne) Rchb. 1842
~Orchis gracilis Höppner 1927 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis graeca Orph. ex Soó 1928 - See Orchis morio Linne 1753
~Orchis graminea Crantz 1769 - Chamorchis alpina (Linne) L.C.M. Richard 1886
Photo courtesy of Eric Hunt, plant grown by Dale Martin
Common Name The Grass-Like Leaved Orchis
Found in Japan
Synonyms Gymnadenia graminifolia (Rchb.f.) Rchb.f. 1878; Gymnadenia rupestris Miq. 1866; Orchis graminifolia var. chidori (Soó) M.Hiroe 1971; Orchis graminifolia var. kurokamiana (Hatus. & Ohwi) Ohwi 1965; Orchis graminifolia ( Rchb.f. ) Tang & Wang var. suzukiana Ohwi 1969Orchis rupestris (Miq.) Schltr. 1919 ; Orchis rupestre var. chidori Soó in ?; *Ponerorchis graminifolia Rchb.f. 1852
~Orchis graminifolia var. chidori (Soó) M.Hiroe 1971 - See Orchis graminifolia (Reichb.f.) Tang & Wang 1940
~Orchis graminifolia var. kurokamiana (Hatus. & Ohwi) Ohwi 1965 - See Orchis graminifolia (Reichb.f.) Tang & Wang 1940
Orchis graminifolia ( Rchb.f. ) Tang & Wang var. suzukiana Ohwi 1969 Photo courtesy of Patricia Harding
A color variety of the preceding species.
Synonyms Ponerorchis graminifolia var. suzukiana (Ohwi) Soó 1975; Ponerorchis suzukiana ( Ohwi ) J.M.H.Shaw 2003
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~Orchis grandiflora B.Heyne in N.Wallich 1832 - See Orchis rotundifolia Banks ex Pursh 1814
~Orchis guimaraesii (E.G.Camus) Rivas Goday 1945 - See Dactylorhiza markusii (Tineo) H. Baumann & Künkele 1981
~Orchis gussonii Tod. 1845 - See Traunsteinera globosa (Linne) Rchb. 1842
~Orchis habenaria L. 1759 - See Habenaria quinqueseta (Michx.) Eaton 1829
~Orchis haematodes Rchb. 1830 - See Dactylorhiza cruenta (O.F. Müller) Soó 1962
~Orchis halleri Crantz 1769 - See Traunsteinera globosa (Linne) Rchb. 1842 See Orchis lactea Poiret 1789
~Orchis hatagirea D. Don 1825 - See Dactylorhiza latifolia (Linne) Soó 1983
~Orchis hatagirea var. doniana Soó 1928 - See Dactylorhiza latifolia (Linne) Soó 1983
~Orchis hatagirea var. schlaginweitii Soó 1928 - See Dactylorhiza latifolia (Linne) Soó 1983
~Orchis hebridensis Wilmott 1939 - See Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soó 1962
~Orchis herminium Gren. 1855 - See Herminium monorchis (Linne) R. Brown 1813
~Orchis heroïca Clarke - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~Orchis heuffeliana Schur 1853 - See Orchis palustris Jacquin 1786
~Orchis hircina [L.]Crantz 1769 - See Himantoglossum hircinum [L.]Sprengel 1826
~Orchis hispanica Nieschalk 1970 - See Orchis langei K. Richter 1890
~Orchis holoserica Burmüller - See Ophrys fuciflora (F.W. Schmidt) Moench 1842
~Orchis hostii Tratt. 1814 - See Orchis quadripunctata Cyrillo ex Tenore 1811
~Orchis humilis Michx. - See Galearis spectabilis (L.) Raf. 1833
~Orchis huronensis Nutt. 1818 - See Habenaria hyperborea (L.) R. Br. 1813
~Orchis hyemalis Raf. 1817 - See Orchis ustulata Linne 1753
~*Orchis hyperborea L. 1767 - See Habenaria hyperborea (L.) R. Br. 1813
~Orchis hyperborea var. huronensis (Nutt.) Alph.Wood 1853 - See Habenaria hyperborea (L.) R. Br. 1813
Photo courtesy of P.Pernot and the Orchids of France and Europe
Found on the islands of Corsica and Sardinia as a cool growing terrestrial orchid that blooms in the spring.
Synonyms Orchis mascula Moris non L. ?; Orchis mascula subsp. ichnusae Corrias 1982; Orchis mascula subsp. laxifloriformis Rivas Goday 1946; Orchis oliensis subsp. ichnusae (Corrias) Buttler 1986
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~Orchis imbecilla Sol. ex Britten 1904 - See Neotinea maculata (Desfontaines) Stearn 1975
~Orchis imbricata Vest. 1824 - See Orchis ustulata Linne 1753
~Orchis impudica Crantz 1769 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa(Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis incantata P.Delforge 1989 - See Orchis langei K. Richter 1890
~Orchis incarnata Willd. 1805 - See - See Dactylorhiza insularis (Sommier) Landwehr 1969
~Orchis incarnata f. trifurca Rchb.f. 1851 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa(Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis incarnata subsp. integrata E.G.Camus ex Fourcy 1891 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis incarnata subsp. sesquipedalis (Willd.) E.G.Camus 1892 - See Dactylorhiza latifolia (Linne) Soó 1983
~Orchis incarnata subvar. altaica Rchb.f. 1851 - See Dactylorhiza latifolia (Linne) Soó 1983
~Orchis incarnata var. albida Rchb.f. 1851 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis incarnata var. algerica Desf. 1799 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis incarnata var. algerica Rchb. 1851 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis incarnata var. borealis Nyman 1909 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis incarnata var. haematodes (Rchb.) M.Schulze 1907 - See Dactylorhiza cruenta (O.F. Müller) Soó 1962
~Orchis incarnata var. hyphaematodes Neuman 1909 - See Dactylorhiza cruenta (O.F. Müller) Soó 1962
~Orchis incarnata var. integrata E.G.Camus ex Fourcy 1891 - See Dactylorhiza praetermissa (Druce) Soó 1962
~Orchis incarnata var. kotschyi Rchb.f. 1851 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis incarnata var. lanceata Rchb.f. 1851 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa(Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis incarnata var. pulchella Druce 1918 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa(Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis incarnata var. serotina Hausskn. 1885 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis incarnata var. xauensis Pau & Font Quer 1929 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis incisa Muhl. ex Willd. 1805 - See Platanthera psycodes (L.) Lindl. 1835
~Orchis insectifera (L.) Crantz 1769 - See Ophrys insectifera Linne 1753
~*Orchis insularis Sommier 1896 - See Dactylorhiza insularis (Sommier) Landwehr 1969
~ Orchis intacta Link 1799 - See Neotinea maculata (Desfontaines) Stearn 1975
~Orchis integrata E.G.Camus 1892 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis intermedia Meigen & Weniger 1819 - See Orchis morio Linne 1753
~Orchis italica Lamarck - See Orchis simia Lamarck 1787
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Common Name The Italian Orchis
Found in Portugal, Spain, Italy, Yugoslavia, Greece, the Greek Islands, Turkey, Cyprus, Malta, Syria, Lebannon, Israel, Jordan and all of North Africa except Egypt as a small to medium sized, cold to cool growing terrestrial orchid with ellipsoid tubers, erect stems, 5 to 10, oblong-lanceolate, undulate margins, leaves that are sometimes spotted purple brown that blooms in the late winter and spring on a dense, conical, inflorescence with the uppermost flowers opening first.
Synonyms Orchis fusca var. stenoloba Coss. & Germ. 1845; Orchis italica f. albiflora Nicora ex Fiori & Paol. 1896; Orchis italica f. maculata Soó 1932; Orchis longicornis Lam. 1798; Orchis longicruris Link 1799; Orchis longicruris subsp. longipenis Font Quer & P.Palau 1954; Orchis militaris Poir. 1789; Orchis purpurea var. stenoloba (Coss. & Germ.) Willk. 1861; Orchis tephrosanthos Desf. 1799; Orchis tephrosanthos var. undulatifolia (Biv.) Webb 1838; Orchis undulatifolia Biv. 1807; Orchis welwitschii Rchb.f. 1851
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~Orchis italica f. albiflora Nicora ex Fiori & Paol. 1896 - See Orchis italica Poiret 1789
~Orchis italica f. maculata Soó 1932 - See Orchis italica Poiret 1789
~Orchis kabyliensis G.Keller 1933 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis kabyliensis var. rassautae Alleiz. in ? - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis kelleri Hunz. ex G.Keller & Soó 1932 - See Orchis spitzelii Sauter ex W. Koch 1837
~Orchis koenigii Gunnerus 1772 - See Habenaria hyperborea (L.) R. Br. 1813
~Orchis kotschyi (Rchb. f.) Schltr. 1923 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis kromayeri M.Schulze 1904 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
Photo courtesy of P.Pernot and the Orchids of France and Europe
to LATE and
Common Name The Milk-White Orchis
Found in France, Italy, Greece, Turkey, and western North Africa as a small sized, cool to cold growing terrestrial orchid with mostly basal oblong-lanceolate leaves and a few sheathlike leaves higher up along the stem that blooms in the late winter and spring on a conical to ovoid, densely many flowered inflorescence.
Synonyms Neotinea corsica (Viv.) W.Foelsche 2002; Neotinea lactea (Poir.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase 1997; Orchis acuminata Desfontaines 1800; Orchis corsica Viv. 1824; Orchis hanrici Hénon 1846; Orchis hanrii Jordan 1846; Orchis lactea var. hanrici (Hénon) Maire & Weiller 1959; Orchis lactea var. hanrii (Jordan) Camus, Bergon & Camus; Orchis tridentata subsp. lactea (Poir.) Rouy 1912; Orchis tridentata var. acuminata (Desf.) Maire & Weiller 1959; Orchis tridentata var. hanrici (Hénon) Maire & Weiller 1959
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~Orchis lactea var. hanrici (Hénon) Maire & Weiller 1959 - See Orchis lactea Poiret 1789
~Orchis lactea var. hanrii (Jordan) Camus, Bergon & Camus - See Orchis lactea Poiret 1789
~Orchis laeta Steinh. 1838 - See Orchis provincialis Balbis ex Lamarck & De Candolle 1806
~Orchis lagotis Rchb. f. 1851 - See Dactylorhiza latifolia [Linne]Soo' 1983
~Orchis lanceata A.Dietr. 1833 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis lancibracteata K.Koch 1849 - See Dactylorhiza latifolia [Linne]Soo' 1983
Photo courtesy of P.Pernot and the Orchids of France and Europe
to
Common Name Lange's Orchis [German Orchid Collector]
A spring blooming cool to cold growing terrestrial orchid from France, Spain and Morocco.
SynonymsOrchis hispanica Nieschalk 1970; Orchis incantata P.Delforge 1989; Orchis mascula subsp. hispanica (Nieschalk) Soó 1972; Orchis mascula subsp. laxifloriformis Rivas Goday 1946
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~Orchis lanigera Blanco 1837 - See Rhynchostylis retusa [L.]Blume 1825
~Orchis latifolia Haller ex Linne - See Dactylorhiza latifolia (Linne) Soó 1983
~*Orchis latifolia Linne 1753 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis latifolia Scop. 1772 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis latifolia f. pumila Freyn ex M.Schulze 1902 - See Dactylorhiza alpestris (Pugsley) Aver. 1983
~Orchis latifolia var. beeringiana Cham. 1828 - See Dactylorhiza aristata (Fisch. ex Lindl.) Soó 1962
~Orchis latifolia var. cambrica Pugsley 1935 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis latifolia var. eboracensis Godfrey 1885 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis latifolia var. elatior Batt. & Trab. 1884 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis latifolia var. foliosa Rchb.f. 1851 - See Dactylorhiza foliosa (Sol. ex E.N. Lowe) Soó 1962
~Orchis latifolia var. indica Lindl. 1835 - See Dactylorhiza latifolia (Linne) Soó 1983
~Orchis latifolia var. junialis Verm. 1933 - See Dactylorhiza praetermissa (Druce) Soó 1962
~Orchis latifolia var. longibracteata Neilr. 1846 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis latifolia var. munbyana (Boiss. & Reut.) Batt. 1884 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis laurentina R.Bolos ex Vayr. 1880 - See Dactylorhiza insularis (Sommier) Landwehr 1969
Photo courtesy of JM.Dreuillaux and the Orchids of France and Europe
and EARLY
Common Name The Loosley Flowered Orchis
Flower Size 3/4" to 1" [2 to 2.5 cm]
Found in Portugal, Spain, France, Switzerland, Italy, Yugoslavia, Greece, Turkey and all the Mediteranean Islands as a large sized, cold growing terrestrial orchid with ellipsoid or globose tubers carrying an erect stem with 3 to 8, lanceolate or linear leaves that blooms in the spring and early summer on a erect, 4 to 6" [10 to 15 cm] long, ovoid or cylydrical, loosely many [6 to 20] flowered inflorescence.
Synonyms Anacamptis laxiflora (Lam.) R.M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W. Chase 1997; Orchis ambigua Degl. ex Le Gall 1852; Orchis dinsmorei (Schltr.) H.Baumann & Dafni 1981; Orchis elegans var. dinsmorei (Schltr.) H.I.Schäf. 1971; Orchis dubia Le Gall 1852; Orchis ensifolia Villars 1787; Orchis laxiflora subsp. dielsiana Soó 1926; Orchis laxiflora subsp. ensifolia (Villars) Ascherson & Graebner; Orchis laxiflora var. dinsmorei Schltr. 1927; Orchis laxiflora var. longibracteata Willk. in M.Willkomm & J.M.C.Lange 1861; Orchis laxiflora var. longibracteata Willk. in M.Willkomm & J.M.C.Lange 1861; Orchis mediterranea Ten. 1831; Orchis morio Ucria 1789; Orchis palustris subsp. laxiflora (Lam.) Batt. 1895; Orchis platychila K. Koch 1847; Orchis pseudolaxiflora Czerniak. 1941; Orchis tabernaemontani Gmelin 1808
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~Orchis laxiflora C.A.Mey. 1831 - See Orchis palustris Jacquin 1786
~Orchis laxiflora subsp. cazorlensis (Lacaita) O.Bolòs & Vigo 2001 - See Orchis cazorlensis Lacaita 1930
~Orchis laxiflora subsp. dielsiana Soó 1926 - See Orchis laxiflora Lamarck 1778
~Orchis laxiflora subsp. ensifolia (Villars) Ascherson & Graebner - See Orchis laxiflora Lamarck 1778
~Orchis laxiflora subsp. palustris (Jacq.) W.D.J.Koch 1844 - See Orchis palustris Jacquin 1786
~Orchis laxiflora subsp. palustris (Jacquin) Bonnier & Layens - See Orchis palustris Jacquin 1786
~Orchis laxiflora subsp. robusta (T.Stephenson) H.Sund. 1980 - See Orchis palustris Jacquin 1786
~Orchis laxiflora var. dinsmorei Schltr. 1927 - See - See Orchis laxiflora Lamarck 1778
~Orchis laxiflora var. longibracteata Willk. in M.Willkomm & J.M.C.Lange 1861 - See Orchis laxiflora Lamarck 1778
~Orchis laxiflora var. mediterranea (Guss.) D.Rivera & Lopez Velez 1987 - See Orchis palustris Jacquin 1786
~Orchis laxiflora var. palustris M-Bieb. - See Orchis palustris Jacquin 1786
~Orchis leucoglossa O. Schwarz 1934 - See Orchis collina Banks & Solander ?
~*Orchis leucophaea Nutt. 1837 - See Habenaria leucophaea (Nutt.) A. Gray 1867
~Orchis leucostachys Grisebach 1840 - See Orchis provincialis Balbis ex Lamarck & De Candolle 1806
~Orchis linearis Tourlet 1903 - See Orchis simia Lamarck 1767
~Orchis lingua (L.) Scop. 1772 - See Serapias lingua Linne 1753
~Orchis lingua All. 1785 - See Serapias vomeracea [Burm.f.]Briq. 1910
~Orchis loeselii (L.) MacMill. 1892 - See Liparis loeselii (Linne) L.C.M. Richard 1817
~Orchis lokiana H.Baumann 1982 - See Orchis purpurea Hudson 1761
~Orchis longebracteata F.W. Schmidt 1791 - See Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soó 1962
~Orchis longibracteata Bivona-Bernardi 1806 - See Barlia robertiana (Loiseleur) W. Greuter 1967
~Orchis longibracteata Schur 1866 - See Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soó 1962
~Orchis longicornis Lam. 1798 - See Orchis italica Poiret 1789
Photo courtesy of Pascal Pernot and the Orchids of France and Europe
LATE and
Common Name The Long-Horned Orchis
Found on the Islands of Corsica, Elba, the Majorcas and Sicily as well as Algeria and Tunisia as a miniature to medium sized, cool growing terrestrial orchid with subglobose tubers carrying an erect stem with 6 to 8, oblong-lanceolate leaves held in a basal rosette that blooms in late winter and the spring on a dense, oblong, laxly flowered inflorescence with lanceolate, veined, tinted green or red floral bracts
Synonyms Anacamptis longicornu (Poir.) R.M.Bateman, A.M.Pridgeon & M.W.Chase 1997; Orchis longicornu var. tlemecensis Batt. 1904; Orchis morio var. tlemecensis (Batt.) Maire & Weiller 1959
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~Orchis longicornu var. picta (Loisel.) Lindl. 1835- See Orchis morio subsp. picta (Loiseleur) K. Richter 1890
~Orchis longicornu var. tlemecensis Batt. 1904 - See Orchis longicornu Poiret 1789
~Orchis longicruris Link 1799 - See Orchis italica Poiret 1789
~Orchis longicruris subsp. longipenis Font Quer & P.Palau 1954 - See Orchis italica Poiret 1789
~Orchis lusitanica Steud. 1841 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis lutea Dulac 1867 - See Dactylorhiza insularis (Sommier) Landwehr 1969
~Orchis lutea var. subfusca Rchb.f. in ? - See Dactylorhiza insularis (Sommier) Landwehr 1969
~Orchis macedonica Griseb. 1846 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis macra Lindley 1835 - See Orchis simia Lamarck 1787
~ Orchis macra Schur 1866 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~*Orchis maculata Linne 1753 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis maculata Thielens 1875 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis maculata (Desf.) Batt. & Trab. 1884 - See Neotinea maculata (Desfontaines) Stearn 1975
~Orchis maculata f. brevicalcarata Rohlena 1931 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis maculata subsp. baborica Maire & Weiller 1959 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis maculata subsp. elodes (Griseb.) O.Bolòs & Vigo 2001 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis maculata subsp. maurusia (Emb. & Maire) Maire & Weiller 1959 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis maculata subsp. meyeri (Rchb.f.) O.Bolòs & Vigo 2001 - See Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soó 1962
~Orchis maculata var. brachystachys A. Camus - see Dactylorhiza sudetica (Pöch ex Rchb. fil.) Averyanov 1982
~Orchis maculata var. cornubiensis Pugsley 1940 - See Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soó 1962
~Orchis maculata var. ericetorum E.F.Linton 1900 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis maculata var. heuffelii (Borsos & Soó) Pauca 1972 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis maculata var. hunyadensis (Borsos & Soó) Pauca 1972 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis maculata var. kolaensis Montell 1947 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis maculata var. meyeri Rchb. fil. 1851 - See Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soó 1962
~Orchis maculata var. nesogenes Briq. 1910 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis maculata var. okellyi Druce 1909 - See - See Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soó 1962
~Orchis maculata var. olgae (Soó) Pauca 1972 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis maculata var. psychrophila Schltr. 1928 - See Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soó 1962
~Orchis maculata var. pumila Neuman - see Dactylorhiza sudetica (Pöch ex Rchb. fil.) Averyanov 1982
~Orchis maculata var. sacciferoides Klinge ex Schulze 1902 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis maculata var. schurii (Klinge) Pauca 1972 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~*Orchis maculata var. sudetica Pöch ex Rchb. fil. 1851 - see Dactylorhiza sudetica (Pöch ex Rchb. fil.) Averyanov 1982
~Orchis maculata var. trilobata De Brebisson 1879 - See Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soó 1962
~Orchis maderensis Summerhayes 1948 - Dactylorhiza foliosa (Solander) Soó 1962
~Orchis maireana G.Keller 1932 - See Orchis spitzelii Sauter ex W. Koch 1837
~Orchis majalis Reich.f. 1828 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis majalis Neuman 1905 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis majalis f. barlae E.G.Camus 1921 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis majalis f. brevicalcarata Harz ex Schltdl. 1895 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis majalis f. immaculata Harz ex Schltdl. 1895 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis majalis f. laxa Harz ex Schltdl. 1895 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis majalis f. linearis Thielens 1875 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis majalis f. linguata Harz ex Schltdl. 1895 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis majalis f. maculata Thielens 1875 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis majalis f. magnicalcarata Harz ex Schltdl. 1895 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis majalis lus. albiflora Thielens 1875 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis majalis lus. alborosacea Erdner 1911 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis majalis lus. pallida Thielens 1875 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis majalis subsp. traunsteinerioides Pugsley 1936 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis majalis var. eborensis Godfrey 1933 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis majalis var. tharandina Rchb.f. 1851 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~*Orchis markusii Tineo 1817 - See Dactylorhiza markusii (Tineo) H. Baumann & Künkele 1981
~Orchis martrinii Timb.-Lagr. 1856 - See Orchis coriophora Linne 1753
Photo courtesy of Pascal Pernot and His Orchids of France and Europe
to
Common Name The Male Orchis The Early Purple Orchid
Flower Size about 1" [to 2.5 cm]
A European and NW African small to medium sized, cold to cool growing terrestrial with ellipsoid tubers carrying an erect stem with 3 to 5, oblanceolate to linear-lanceolate, glossy, often spotted dark purple lower leaves and becoming leaf sheaths higher on the stem that blooms in the spring on a oblong in shape, 3 to 5" [7.5 to 12.5 cm] long, many [6 to 20] flowered inflorescence with 1 to 3 veined, lanceolate, purple tinted floral bracts.
Synonyms × Orchidactyla kromayeri (M.Schulze) Borsos & Soó 1966; × Orchidactyla pentecostalis (Wettst. & Sennholz) Borsos & Soó 1966 ; × Orchidactyla speciosissima (Wettst. & Sennholz) Borsos & Soó 1966; Orchis brevicornis var. fallax De Not. 1844; Orchis cochleata Fleischm. & M.Schulze 1902; Orchis compressiflora Stokes 1812 ; Orchis fallax (De Not.) Willk. in M.Willkomm & J.M.C.Lange 1861; Orchis glaucophylla A. Kern 1864; Orchis kromayeri M.Schulze 1904; Orchis mascula f. longifolia Landwehr 1977; Orchis mascula subsp. occidentalis O.Schwarz 1949; Orchis mascula subsp. signifera (Vest) Soó 1927; Orchis mascula subsp. speciosa (Mutel) Hegi 1909; Orchis mascula subsp. tenera (Landwehr) Del Prete 1999; Orchis mascula subsp. wanjkovii (E.Wulff) Soó 1932 ; Orchis mascula var. acutiflora W.D.J.Koch 1837; Orchis mascula var. bicolor Balayer 1986; Orchis mascula var. fallax E.G.Camus 1889; Orchis mascula var. hostii Patze, E.H.F.Mey. & Elkan 1848; Orchis mascula var. maritzii J.A.Guim. 1887; Orchis mascula var. monsignatica Font Quer 1928; Orchis mascula var. obtusiflora W.D.J.Koch 1837; Orchis mascula var. speciosa Mutel 1836; Orchis mascula var. tenera Landwehr 1977; Orchis monsignatica (Font Quer) Rivas Goday 1941; Orchis morio f. mascula Linne 1753; Orchis morio var. mascula L. 1753; Orchis obtusa Schur 1866; Orchis obtusiflora Schur 1853; Orchis olivetorum Gren. ex Nyman 1882; Orchis ovalis F.W. Schmidt 1791; Orchis parreissii C.Presl 1845; Orchis patens var. fallax (De Not.) Rchb.f. 1851; Orchis pentecostalis Wettst. & Sennhol 1889; Orchis signifera Vest 1824; Orchis speciosa Host 1831; Orchis speciosissima Wettst. & Sennholz 1889; Orchis stabiana Tenore 1833; Orchis tenera (Landwehr) Kreutz 1991; Orchis untchji M.Schulze 1907; Orchis vernalis Salisbury 1796; Orchis wanjkovii E.Wulff 1930; Orchis wilmsii K.Richt. 1890
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~Orchis mascula Alsch. 1832 - See Orchis provincialis Balbis ex Lamarck & De Candolle 1806
~Orchis mascula Moris non L. - See Orchis ichnusae (Corrias) J. & P. Devillers-Terschuren 1991
~Orchis mascula f. longifolia Landwehr 1977 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis mascula subsp. hispanica (Nieschalk) Soó 1972 - See Orchis langei K. Richter 1890
~*Orchis mascula subsp. ichnusae Corrias 1982 - See Orchis ichnusae (Corrias) J. & P. Devillers-Terschuren 1991
~Orchis mascula subsp. laxifloriformis Rivas Goday 1946 - See Orchis langei K. Richter 1890
~Orchis mascula subsp. occidentalis O.Schwarz 1949 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis mascula subsp. olbiensis (Reuter) Ascherson & Graebner 1907 - See Orchis olbiensis Reuter ex Barla 1859
~Orchis mascula subsp. scopulorum (Summerh.) H.Sund. 1980 - See Orchis scopulorum Summerhayes 1961
~Orchis mascula subsp. signifera (Vest) Soó 1927 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis mascula subsp. speciosa (Mutel) Hegi 1909 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis mascula subsp. tenera (Landwehr) Del Prete 1999 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis mascula subsp. wanjkovii (E.Wulff) Soó 1932 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis mascula var. acutiflora W.D.J.Koch 1837 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis mascula var. bicolor Balayer 1986 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis mascula var. fallax E.G.Camus 1889 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis mascula var. hostii Patze, E.H.F.Mey. & Elkan 1848 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis mascula var. maritzii J.A.Guim. 1887 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis mascula var. monsignatica Font Quer 1928 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis mascula var. obtusiflora W.D.J.Koch 1837 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis mascula var. speciosa Mutel 1836 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis mascula var. tenera Landwehr 1977 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis matodes Rchb.f. 1851 - See Dactylorhiza cruenta (O.F. Müller) Soó 1962
~Orchis mauri Jord. ex Cortesi 1903 - See Orchis tridentata Scopoli 1772
~*Orchis mauritiana Poir. 1798 - See Angraecum mauritianum [Poir.]Frapp. 1891
~Orchis mauritiana Sieber ex Steud. 1840 - See Cynorkis fastigiata Thouars 1822
~Orchis maurusia Emb. & Maire 1930 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis maxima Koch 1847 - See Orchis purpurea Hudson 1761
~Orchis mediterranea Gussone 1826 - See Orchis palustris Jacquin 1786
~Orchis mediterranea Ten. 1831 - See Orchis laxiflora Lamarck 1778
~Orchis mediterranea Klinge nom. illeg. 1899 - See Dactylorhiza romana (Sebastiani) Soó 1962
~Orchis mediterranea subsp. georgica Klinge 1898 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis mediterranea subsp. pseudosambucina (Tenore) Klinge comb. illeg - See Dactylorhiza romana (Sebastiani) Soó 1962
~Orchis mediterranea subsp. siciliensis Klinge 1898 - See Dactylorhiza markusii (Tineo) H. Baumann & Künkele 1981
~Orchis melchifafii Hautz. 1979 publ. 1980 - See - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~Orchis michaelis Sennen - See Orchis palustris Jacquin 1786
Photo courtesy of Th.Pain and the Orchids of France and Europe
Common Name Helmut-Like Orchis - The Military Orchid
Flower Size 3/4" [2cm]
Found in all of Europe except, Ireland, Iceland, Denmark, and Norway as a medium sized, cold growing, erect terrestrial from thickets on marl, limestone soils and open meadows at elevations up to 1600 meters orchid with ovoid or ellipsoid tubers carrying oblong-lanceolate or oblong-ovate, prostrate leaves that blooms in the spring on a 3 to 5" [7.5 to 12.5 cm] long, oblong or pyramidal in shape, many flowered inflorescence with violet bracts and with showy flowers.
Synonyms Orchis cinerea Schrank 1789; Orchis galeata Poiret 1789; Orchis militaris subsp. stevenii (Rchb.f.) B.Baumann & al. 2003; Orchis militaris var. tenuifrons P.D.Sell in P.D.Sell & G.Murrell 1996; Orchis mimusops Thuill 1799; Orchis nervata Marchand 1827; Orchis punctulata subsp. stevenii (Rchb.f.) H.Sund. 1980; Orchis raddeana Regel 1869; Orchis rivini Gouan 1775; Orchis stevenii Rchb.f. 1849; Strateuma militaris (L.) Salisb. 1812
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~Orchis militaris Poir. 1789 - See Orchis italica Poiret 1789
~Orchis militaris Sm. 1808 - See Orchis simia Lamarck 1767
~Orchis militaris Puccin. ex Parl. 1860 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis militaris subsp. stevenii (Rchb.f.) B.Baumann & al. 2003 - See Orchis militaris Linne 1753
~Orchis militaris var. tenuifrons P.D.Sell in P.D.Sell & G.Murrell 1996 - See Orchis militaris Linne 1753
~Orchis mimusops Thuill 1799 - See Orchis militaris Linne 1753
~Orchis miniata Crantz 1769- See Nigritella rubra (Wettstein) K. Richter 1890
~Orchis mixta Retz 1779 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~*Orchis monorchis Linne. 1785 - See Herminium monorchis (Linne) R. Brown 1813
~*Orchis monorrhiza Sw. 1788 - See Habenaria monorrhiza [Sw.]Rchb.f 1885
~Orchis monsignatica (Font Quer) Rivas Goday 1941 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis montana F.W.Schmidt 1793 - See Platanthera chlorantha (Custer) Rchb. 1828
~Orchis moravica Jacquin 1783 - See Orchis purpurea Hudson 1761
~Orchis moria Retz. 1779 - See Orchis morio Linne 1753
Photo courtesy of Pascal Pernot and His Orchids of France and Europe
Common Name The Fool Orchis - The Green Winged Orchid
Flower Size 3/4" [2 cm]
From most all of Europe and south to northernmost Africa this terrestrial, small to medium sized, cold growing, species has 5 to 9 basal, oblong-lanceolate to oblong-ovate leaves that higher on the stem become leafsheaths and blooms in the spring on a pyramidal, or oblong, 2 to 4" [5 to 10 cm] long, densly many [5 to 25] flowered inflorescence with the upermost flowers opening last and lanceolate bracts. This orchid grows in calcareous to acidic soils in dry grasslands, meadows and open forests generally as a small sized plant.
Synonyms Anacamptis morio (L.) R.M.Bateman, A.M.Pridgeon & M.W.Chase 1997; Orchis albanica Gölz & H.R.Reinhard 1984; Orchis candida A.Terracc. 1910; Orchis champagneuxii var. mesomelana (Rchb.f.) D.Tyteca 1986; Orchis crenulata Gilib. 1792; Orchis graeca Orph. ex Soó 1928; Orchis intermedia Meigen & Weniger 1819; Orchis moria Retz. 1779; Orchis morio f. velutina (Schur) Pauca 1972; Orchis morio subsp. albanica (Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) Buttler 1986; Orchis morio var. longicalcarata Boiss. 1842; Orchis morio var. mesomelana Rchb.f. 1851; Orchis morio var. velutina Schur 1866; Orchis nicodemi Ten. 1811; Orchis officinalis Salisb. 1796; Orchis skorpili Velen. 1886; Serapias athensis Lej 1813
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~Orchis morio Ucria 1789 - See Orchis laxiflora Lamarck 1778
~Orchis morio f. mascula Linne 1753 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis morio f. velutina (Schur) Pauca 1972 - See - See Orchis morio Linne 1753
~Orchis morio subsp. albanica (Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) Buttler 1986 - See Orchis morio Linne 1753
~Orchis morio subsp. champagneuxii (Barneoud) Camus 1929 - See Orchis champageneuxii Barn.?
Orchis morio subsp. picta (Loiseleur) K. Richter 1890
Photo courtesy of F.Verhart and His Orchids of France and Europe
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Found in Morocco, Algeria, Spain, Portugal, France, Italy, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, Greece, Bulgaria, Romania and Turkey as a cool to cold growing terrestrial that blooms in the spring.
Synonyms Anacamptis morio subsp. picta (Loisel.) Jacquet & Scappat. 2003; Anacamptis picta (Loisel.) R.M.Bateman 2003; Orchis longicornu var. picta (Loisel.) Lindl. 1835; Orchis morio var. picta (Lois.) Rchb. f. 1850; *Orchis picta Raf 1808; Orchis picta Loisel. 1827
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~Orchis morio subsp. syriaca E.G.Camus 1908 - See Orchis syriaca (E.G.Camus) Boiss. ex H.Baumann & Künkele 1981
~Orchis morio var. champagneuxii (Barneoud) Guimar 1887 - See O. champagneuxii Barn. ?
~Orchis morio var. longicalcarata Boiss. 1842 - See Orchis morio Linne 1753
~Orchis morio var. mascula L. 1753 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis morio var. mesomelana Rchb.f. 1851 - See Orchis morio Linne 1753
~Orchis morio var. picta (Lois.) Rchb. f. 1850 - See Orchis morio subsp. picta (Loiseleur) K. Richter1890
~Orchis morio var. tlemecensis (Batt.) Maire & Weiller 1959 - See Orchis longicornu Poiret 1789
~Orchis morio var. velutina Schur 1866 - See - See Orchis morio Linne 1753
~Orchis moritziana Brügger 1874 - See Nigritella rubra (Wettstein) K. Richter 1890
~Orchis mrkvickana Velen. 1922 - See Orchis spitzelii Sauter ex W. Koch 1837
~Orchis munbyana Boissier & Reuter 1852 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis muscaria Scop. 1772 - See Ophrys insectifera Linne 1753
~Orchis muscifera (Huds.) Salisb. 1796 - See Ophrys insectifera Linne 1753
~Orchis musciflora Schrank 1789 - See Ophrys insectifera Linne 1753
~Orchis myodes (Jacq.) Bernhard 1800 - See Ophrys insectifera Linne 1753
~Orchis natalis Tineo 1817 - See Dactylorhiza romana (Sebastiani) Soó 1962
~Orchis nemorosa Montandon 1868 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis nervata Marchand 1827 - See Orchis militaris Linne 1753
~Orchis nesogenes (Briq.) Rouy in G.Rouy & J.Foucaud 1912 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis nicodemi Ten. 1811 - See Orchis morio L. 1753
~Orchis nicodemi Sieber ex Steud. 1841 - See Orchis quadripunctata Cyrillo ex Tenore 1811
~Orchis nigra (L.) Scop. 1772 - See Nigritella rubra (Wettstein) K. Richter 1890
~*Orchis nivea Nutt. 1818 - See Habenaria nivea [Nutt.]Lindley 1826
~Orchis obsoleta Muhl. ex Willd. 1805 - See Coeloglossum viride [L.]Hartm. 1820
~Orchis obtusa Schur 1866 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis obtusiflora Schur 1853 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis obtusifolia Schur 1853 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis ochrantha Fleischm. 1908 publ. 1909 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis ochroleuca Ten. 1826 - See Platanthera bifolia (Linne) L.C.M. Richard 1817
~Orchis ochroleuca Schur 1866 - See Dactylorhiza romana (Sebastiani) Soó 1962
~*Orchis odoratissima Linne 1763 - See Gymnadenia odoratissima (Linne) L.C.M. Richard 1818
~Orchis oestrifera (M.Bieb.) M.Bieb. 1819 - See Ophrys scolopax Cavanilles 1799
~Orchis officinalis Salisb. 1796 - See Orchis morio Linne 1753
~Orchis okellyi (Druce) Druce 1915 - See Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soó 1962
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Common Name Olbia Orchis [Town On South Coast of France]
A spring blooming cold to cool growing terrsetrial orchid that is found in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Spain, Portugal, the Majorccas, France, Italy, and Corsica.
Synonyms Orchis mascula subsp. olbiensis (Reuter) Ascherson & Graebner 1907; Orchis olivetorum Dörfler 1882
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~Orchis olbiensis Ardoino ex Moggr. 1864 - See Orchis provincialis Balbis ex Lamarck & De Candolle 1806
~Orchis olbiensis subsp. ichnusae (Corrias) Buttler 1986 - See Orchis ichnusae (Corrias) J. & P. Devillers-Terschuren ?
~Orchis olivetorum Gren. ex Nyman 1882 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis olivetorum Dörfler -See Orchis olbiensis Reuter ex Barla 1859
~*Orchis orbiculata Pursh. 1814 - See Habenaria orbiculata (Pursh) Torr. 1826
~Orchis orientalis (Rchb. f.) Richter - See Orchis spitzelii Sauter ex W. Koch 1837
~Orchis orientalis (Rchb.f.) Klinge 1898 - See Orchis spitzelii Sauter ex W. Koch 1837
~Orchis orientalis subsp. africana Klinge 1898 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis orientalis subsp. foliosa (Rchb.f.) Klinge 1898 - See Dactylorhiza foliosa (Sol. ex E.N. Lowe) Soó 1962
~Orchis ornithis Jacq. 1774 - See Gymnadenia conopsea (Linne) R. Brown 1813
~Orchis ovalis F.W. Schmidt 1791 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
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Common Name The Pale Orchis
Flower Size 3/4" [2 cm]
Found in all of continental Europe except, the Netherlands, Denmark and Belgium plus the Crimea and Turkey as a small to medium sized, cold to cool growing terrestrial found only in calcareous soils in montane beech, pine and fir forests at elevations up to 2000 meters with 4 to 6, oblong or oblong-ovate leaves with the uppermost few being sheath-like that blooms in the spring on a 2 to 5" [5 to 12.5 cm] long, rather dense, pyramidal to oblong in shape, inflorescence with fragrant [foul] flowers.
Synonyms Orchis pseudopallens K.Koch 1846; Orchis sulphurea Sims 1825
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~Orchis pallens Savi - See Orchis provincialis Balbis ex Lamarck & De Candolle 1806
~Orchis pallens Moritzi 1844 - See Dactylorhiza insularis (Sommier) Landwehr 1969
~Orchis palmata Gilib. 1792 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis paludosa (L.) Pall. 1776 - See Hammarbya paludosa (Linne) Kuntze 1891
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Common Name The Swamp-Living Orchis
Flower Size to about 1" [to 2.5 cm]
Found in all of continental Europe west of the Urals except Scandinavia, the Baltic Republics, Denmark, the Netherlands and Portugal plus Turkey and the Levant and Western North Africa as a large to giant sized, cold growing terrestrial with 4 to 6, linear-lanceolate to linear, keeled leaves that blooms in the spring and early summer on a cylindric, 3 to 9" [7.5 to 2.5 cm] long, loose, many flowered inflorescence.
Synonyms Anacamptis palustris (Jacq.) R.M.Bateman, A.M.Pridgeon & M.W.Chase 1997; Anacamptis palustris subsp. robusta (T.Stephenson) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase 1997; Anacamptis robusta (T.Stephenson) R.M.Bateman 2003; Orchis festiva Heuff. ex Rochel 1838; Orchis germanorum Moritz 1844; Orchis heuffeliana Schur 1853; Orchis laxiflora C.A.Mey. 1831; Orchis laxiflora subsp. palustris (Jacq.) W.D.J.Koch 1844; Orchis laxiflora subsp. palustris (Jacquin) Bonnier & Layens; Orchis laxiflora subsp. robusta (T.Stephenson) H.Sund. 1980; Orchis laxiflora var. mediterranea (Guss.) D.Rivera & Lopez Velez 1987; Orchis laxiflora var. palustris M-Bieb.; Orchis mediterranea Gussone 1826; Orchis michaelis Sennen ?; Orchis palustris subsp. mediterranea (Guss.) Malag. 1968; Orchis palustris var. laxiflora Fridrichstahl; Orchis palustris var. mediterranea (Guss.) Schltr. 1926; Orchis palustris var. robusta T.Stephenson 1931; Orchis robusta (T.Stephenson) Gölz & H.R.Reinhard 1975 publ. 1976; Orchis speciosa Heuff. ex Rochel 1838
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~Orchis palustris subsp. laxiflora (Lam.) Batt. 1895 - See Orchis laxiflora Lamarck 1778
~Orchis palustris subsp. mediterranea (Guss.) Malag. 1968 - See Orchis palustris Jacquin 1786
~Orchis palustris var. laxiflora Fridrichstahl - See Orchis laxiflora Lamarck 1778
~Orchis palustris var. mediterranea (Guss.) Schltr. 1926 - See Orchis palustris Jacquin 1786
~Orchis palustris var. robusta T.Stephenson 1931 - See Orchis palustris Jacquin 1786
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Common Name The Butterfly Orchis
Flower Size 1 1/4" [2.75 cm]
Found in all countries that border the Mediteranean except Egypt, plus, Portugal, Romania and Bulgaria in calcareous soils in dry grasslands, shrublands and open forests at elevations of sealevel to 1800 meters as a small to medium sized, cold to cool growing erect terrestrial orchid with ovoid or globose tubers carrying a basal rosette of lanceolate to linear-lanceolate acute leaves that blooms in the late winter and spring on a 2 to 3" [5 to 7.5 cm] long, loosely 2 to 8 flowered, erect, angular, reddish towards the apex inflorescence with red tinted, lanceolate bracts carrying showy flowers.
Synonyms Anacamptis papilionacea (L.) R.M.Bateman, A.M.Pridgeon & M.W.Chase 1997; Anacamptis papilionacea var. cyrenaica (E.A.Durand & Barrette) ined.; Dactylorhiza cyrenaica (E.A.Durand & Barrette) Hautz. 1979 publ. 1980; Orchis bruhnsiana (Gruner) Mojorov ex Grossh. 1928; Orchis caspia Trautv. 1873; Orchis cyrenaica E.A.Durand & Barrette 1910; Orchis decipiens Tod ?; Orchis heroïca Clarke ?; Orchis melchifafii Hautz. 1979 publ. 1980; Orchis papilionacea f. rosea (Alleiz.) Maire & Weiller 1959; Orchis papilionacea subsp. alibertis G.Kretzschmar & H.Kretzschmar 2001; Orchis papilionacea subsp. bruhnsiana (Gruner) Soó in ?; Orchis papilionacea subsp. heroica (E.D.Clarke) H.Baumann 1986; Orchis papilionacea subsp. rubra (Jacquin) Sundermann 1968; Orchis papilionacea var. bruhnsiana Gruner 1867; Orchis papilionacea var. cyrenaica (E.A.Durand & Barrette) P.Delforge 2000; Orchis papilionacea var. heroïca (Clarke) Delforge 1991; Orchis papilionacea var. major E.G.Camus 1900; Orchis papilionacea var. parviflora Willk. 1861; Orchis papilionacea var. rosea Alleiz. 1923; Orchis papilionacea var. rubra (Jacq.) Lindl. 1835; Orchis rubra var. expansa (Ten.) Lindl. 1835; Orchis schirwanica Woronow 1909; Vermeulenia caspia (Trautv.) Á.Löve & D.Löve 1972; Vermeulenia papilionacea var. cyrenaica (E.A.Durand & Barrette) Szlach. 2001
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~Orchis papilionacea f. grandiflora (Boiss.) Maire in É.Jahandiez & al. 1931 - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~Orchis papilionacea f. rosea (Alleiz.) Maire & Weiller 1959 - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~Orchis papilionacea subsp. alibertis G.Kretzschmar & H.Kretzschmar 2001 - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~Orchis papilionacea subsp. bruhnsiana (Gruner) Soó in ? - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
Orchis papilionacea subsp. expansa (Tenore) Raynaud 1985
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Found in Sicily, Italy, France, Spain, Portugal, Algeria and Morocco as a small, intermediate to cold growing, terrestrial orchid with ovoid or globose tubers carrying a basal rosette of lanceolate to linear-lanceolate acute leaves that blooms in the late winter and spring on a laxly to densly few flowered, erect, angular reddish towards the apex inflorescence carrying showy flowers .
Synonyms *Orchis expansa Tenore 1829; Orchis papilionacea f. grandiflora (Boiss.) Maire 1931; Orchis papilionacea subsp. grandiflora (Boissier) H. Baumann 1969; Orchis papilionacea var. expansa (Ten.) Lindl. 1835; ; Orchis papilionacea var. grandiflora Boissier 1842; Orchis rubra Jacquin 1781;
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~Orchis papilionacea subsp. grandiflora (Boissier) H. Baumann 1969 - See Orchis papilionacea subsp. expansa (Tenore) Raynaud ?
~Orchis papilionacea subsp. heroica (E.D.Clarke) H.Baumann 1986 - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~Orchis papilionacea subsp. rubra (Jacquin) Sundermann 1968 - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~Orchis papilionacea var. bruhnsiana Gruner 1867 - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~Orchis papilionacea var. cyrenaica (E.A.Durand & Barrette) P.Delforge 2000 - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~Orchis papilionacea var. expansa (Ten.) Lindl. 1835 - See Orchis papilionacea subsp. expansa (Tenore) Raynaud 1985
~Orchis papilionacea var. grandiflora Boissier 1842 - See Orchis papilionacea subsp. expansa (Tenore) Raynaud ?
~Orchis papilionacea var. heroïca (Clarke) Delforge 1991 - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~Orchis papilionacea var. major E.G.Camus 1900- See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~Orchis papilionacea var. parviflora Willk. in H.M.Willkomm & J.M.C.Lange 1861 - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~Orchis papilionacea var. rosea Alleiz. 1923 - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~Orchis papilionacea var. rubra (Jacq.) Lindl. 1835 - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~Orchis pardalina Pugsley 1934 - See Dactylorhiza praetermissa (Druce) Soó 1962
~Orchis parlatoris Tineo 1817 - See Orchis tridentata Scopoli 1772
~Orchis parreissii C.Presl 1845 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis parviflora Poir. 1798 - See Pseudorchis albida (Linne) A. & D. Löve 1969
~Orchis parviflora Will. 1805 - See Orchis ustulata Linne 1753
~Orchis parviflora Ten. 1811 - See Orchis tridentata Scopoli 1772
~Orchis patens f. orientalis (Rchb.f.) E.G.Camus 1908 - See Orchis spitzelii Sauter ex W. Koch 1837
~Orchis patens subsp. falcicalcarata Wildh. 1974 - See Orchis spitzelii Sauter ex W. Koch 1837
~Orchis patens subsp. orientalis (Rchb. f.) Ascherson & Graebner 1890 - See Orchis spitzelii Sauter ex W. Koch 1837
~Orchis patens subsp. spitzelii (Saut. ex Koch) Löve & Kjellqvist - See Orchis spitzelii Sauter ex W. Koch 1837
~Orchis patens var. atlantica Battandier & Trabut 1884 - See Orchis spitzelii Sauter ex W. Koch 1837
~Orchis patens var. asiatica Renz - See Orchis spitzelii Sauter ex W. Koch 1837
~Orchis patens var. fallax (De Not.) Rchb.f. 1851 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis patens var. fontanesii Rchb.f. 1851- See Orchis spitzelii Sauter ex W. Koch 1837
~Orchis patens var. orientalis Rchb.f. 1851 - See Orchis spitzelii Sauter ex W. Koch 1837
~Orchis patens var. spitzelii Fiori & Paoletti - See Orchis spitzelii Sauter ex W. Koch 1837
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Common Name The Few Flowerwed Orchis
Flower Size about 5/8" [2.75 cm]
Found in Sicily, Italy, Yugoslavia, Greece, and Albania as a cold to cool growing terrestrial that blooms in the spring on a 3/4 to 2" [2 to 5 cm] long, rather densly many flowereed inflorescencee.
Synonyms Orchis provincialis subsp. pauciflora (Tenore) Camus 1908; Orchis provincialis var. pauciflora (Ten.) Batt. & Trab. 1884
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~Orchis pauciflora Sessé & Moç. 1894 - See Comparettia falcata Poepp. & Endl. 1835
~Orchis paucifolia Gaterau 1789 - See Platanthera bifolia (Linne) L.C.M. Richard 1817
~ *Orchis pectinata Sm.1806 - See Habenaria pectinata D.Don 1825
~Orchis peloria Foucault ex Poir. 1816 - See Gymnadenia conopsea (Linne) R. Brown 1813
~Orchis pentecostalis Wettst. & Sennhol 1889 - See × Orchidactyla pentecostalis (Wettst. & Sennholz) Borsos & Soó 1966
~Orchis picta Raf 1808 - See Orchis morio subsp. picta (Loiseleur) K. Richter 1890
~*Orchis picta Loiseleur 1827 - See Orchis morio subsp. picta (Loiseleur) K. Richter 1890
~Orchis picta Reinw. ex Lindl. 1857 - See Anoectochilus setaceus Blume 1825
~Orchis picta subsp. libani Renz in ? - See Orchis syriaca (E.G.Camus) Boiss. ex H.Baumann & Künkele 1981
~Orchis plantaginea [L.] Sw. 1800 - See Erythrodes plantaginea (L.) Fawc. & Rendle 1910
~Orchis platanthera (Wallr.) E.H.L.Krause in J.Sturm 1905 - See Platanthera bifolia (Linne) L.C.M. Richard 1817
~Orchis platychila K. Koch 1847 - See Orchis laxiflora Lamarck 1778
~Orchis polliniana Spreng. 1815 - See Orchis coriophora Linne 1753
~Orchis pontica Fleischm. & Hand.-Mazz. 1909 - See Orchis purpurea Hudson 1761
~*Orchis praetermissa Druce 1913 Pub 1914- See Dactylorhiza praetermissa (Druce) Soó 1962
~Orchis praetermissa var. macrantha Sipkes 1921 - See Dactylorhiza praetermissa (Druce) Soó 1962
~Orchis praetermissa var. pulchella Druce 1920 - See Dactylorhiza purpurella (T. Stephenson & T.A. Stephenson) Soó 1962
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Common Name Provence Orchis [Region Of France]
Flower Size to 1" [to 2.5 cm]
Found in France and Southern Europe plus the Crimea as a small to medium sized, cool to cold growing terrestrial orchid with ovoid tuber carrying an erect stem carrying2 to 5 lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate leaves that may be dark spotted or pl;ain, that blooms in the spring on a lax to dense, cylindric, many [7 to 20] flowered inflorescence with 1 to 3 veined, lanceolate bracts.
Synonyms Orchis cyrilli Tenore 1820; Orchis laeta Steinh. 1838; Orchis leucostachys Grisebach 1840; Orchis mascula Alsch. 1832; Orchis olbiensis Ardoino ex Moggr. 1864; Orchis pallens Savi ?; Orchis provincialis var. laeta (Steinh.) Maire & Weiller 1959; Orchis pseudopallens Tod. 1842
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~Orchis provincialis subsp. pauciflora (Tenore) Camus 1908 - See Orchis pauciflora Tenore 1811
~Orchis provincialis var. laeta (Steinh.) Maire & Weiller 1959 - See Orchis provincialis Balbis ex Lamarck & De Candolle 1806
~Orchis provincialis var. pauciflora (Ten.) Batt. & Trab. 1884 - See Orchis pauciflora Tenore 1811
~Orchis pseudo-conopsea Gren. 1865 - See Gymnadenia conopsea (Linne) R. Brown 1813
~Orchis pseudoconopea Gren. 1869 - See Gymnadenia conopsea (Linne) R. Brown 1813
~Orchis pseudoconopsea P.E.Parm. 1894 - See Gymnadenia conopsea (Linne) R. Brown 1813
~Orchis pseudolaxiflora Czerniak. 1941 - See Orchis laxiflora Lamarck 1778
~Orchis pseudopallens K.Koch 1846 - See Orchis pallens Linne 1771
~Orchis pseudopallens Tod. 1842 - See Orchis provincialis Balbis ex Lamarck & De Candolle 1806
~Orchis pseudosambucina Tenore 1815 - See Dactylorhiza romana (Sebastiani) Soó 1962
~Orchis pseudosambucina subsp. castellana Rivas Goday 1945 - See Dactylorhiza insularis (Sommier) Landwehr 1969
~Orchis pseudosambucina subsp. georgica Klinge 1898 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis pseudosambucina subsp. markusii (Tineo) Nyman - See Dactylorhiza markusii (Tineo) H. Baumann & Künkele 1981
~Orchis × pseudotraunsteineri subsp. suevica Fuchs 1919 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~*Orchis psycodes L. 1753 - See Platanthera psycodes (L.) Lindl. 1835
~Orchis punctata Ruiz & Pav. ex Pupulin 1795 - See Trichocentrum pulchrum Poepp. & Endl. 1836
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Common Name The Small Dotted Orchis
Flower Size about 5/8" [2.75 cm]
A cool growing terrestrial orchid that is found in Greece, Turkey, Cyprus and the Levant that blooms in the late winter and spring on a cylindrical, 2 to 5" [5 to 7.5 cm] long, loosely many flowered inflorescence.
Synonyms Orchis punctulata subsp. schelkownikowii (Woronow) Soó 1966; Orchis punctulata subsp. sepulchralis (Boiss. & Heldr.) Soó 1927; Orchis schelkownikowii Woronow 1909; Orchis sepulchralis Boiss. & Heldr. in P.E.Boissier 1854; Orchis steveniana Compère ex Lév. 1842
~Orchis punctulata subsp. schelkownikowii (Woronow) Soó 1966 - See Orchis punctulata Steven ex Lindley 1835
~Orchis punctulata subsp. sepulchralis (Boiss. & Heldr.) Soó 1927 - See Orchis punctulata Steven ex Lindley 1835
~Orchis punctulata subsp. stevenii (Rchb.f.) H.Sund. 1980 - See Orchis militaris Linne 1753 [Type]
~Orchis purpurascens (Thouars) Spreng. 1826 - See Cynorkis purpurascens Thouars 1822
Photo courtesy of Pascal Pernot and His Orchids of France and Europe
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Common Name The Purple Orchis - The Lady Orchid
A medium to large sized, cold to cool growing terrestrial orchid from Europe and North Africa with ellipsoid tubers carrying and erect stem with 3 to 6, oblong to oblong-ovate, glossy leaves that blooms in the spring on a 3 to 6" [7.5 to 15 cm] long, densely many flowered inflorescence that is cylindrical in shape.
Synonyms*Orchis bifolia Linne 1763; Orchis caucasica Regel 1898; Orchis fusca Jacquin ?; Orchis fuscata Pall. 1776; Orchis lokiana H.Baumann 1982; Orchis maxima Koch 1847; Orchis moravica Jacquin 1783; Orchis pontica Fleischm. & Hand.-Mazz. 1909; Orchis purpurea subsp. caucasica (Regel) B.Baumann & al. 2003; Strateuma grandis Salisb. 1812
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~Orchis purpurea subsp. caucasica (Regel) B.Baumann & al. 2003 - See Orchis purpurea Hudson 1761
~Orchis purpurea var. stenoloba (Coss. & Germ.) Willk. 1861 - See Orchis italica Poiret 1789
~*Orchis purpurella T. Stephenson & T.A. Stephenson 1920 - See Dactylorhiza purpurella (T. Stephenson & T.A. Stephenson) Soó 1962
~Orchis purpurella var. crassifolia T.Stephenson 1937 - See Dactylorhiza purpurella (T. Stephenson & T.A. Stephenson) Soó 1962
~Orchis purpurella var. maculosa T.Stephenson 1937 - See Dactylorhiza purpurella (T. Stephenson & T.A. Stephenson) Soó 1962
~Orchis pusilla Tyteca 1984 - See Orchis conica Willdenow 1805
~Orchis pyramidalis L. 1753 - See Anacamptis pyramidalis [L.] L.C.Rich 1818
~Orchis pyramidalis var. sanguinea Druce 1929 - See Anacamptis pyramidalis [L.] L.C.Rich 1818
~Orchis pyrenaica Philippe 1859 - See Gymnadenia odoratissima (Linne) L.C.M. Richard 1818
Photo courtesy of M.Verhart and His Orchids of France and Europe
Common Name The Four Spot Orchis
Flower Size 3/4" [2 cm]
Found in Italy, Yugoslavia, Albania, Greece and Turkey as a miniature to medium sized, cool growing terrestrial in calcareous soils in stony grasslands and open scrublands at elevations of sea level to 1500 meters with an ovoid tuber carrying an erect slender, flexuous stem with 2 to 4, linear to oblong-lanceolate leaves that are often spotted with purple that blooms in the spring on a slender, cylindrical, loosely many [to 20] flowered inflorescence with lanceolate bracts.
Synonyms Anacamptis trichocera C. Koch 1849; Gymnadenia humilis Lindl. 1835; Orchis bipunctata Raf. 1814; Orchis cupanii Tod. 1842; Orchis hostii Tratt. 1814; Orchis nicodemi Sieber ex Steud. 1841; Orchis quadripunctata f. albiflora (Raulin) De Langhe & D'hose 1980; Orchis quadripunctata var. albiflora Raulin 1861; Orchis trichocera Brongn. in J.B.G.Bory de Saint-Vincent & al.1832
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~Orchis quadripunctata f. albiflora (Raulin) De Langhe & D'hose 1980 - See Orchis quadripunctata Cyrillo ex Tenore 1811
~Orchis quadripunctata subsp. brancifortii (Bivona-Bernardi) E.G. Camus 1928 - See Orchis brancifortii Bivona-Bernardi 1813
~Orchis quadripunctata var. albiflora Raulin 1861 - See Orchis quadripunctata Cyrillo ex Tenore 1811
~*Orchis quinqueseta Michx. 1803 - See Habenaria quinqueseta (Michx.) Eaton 1829
~Orchis raddeana Regel 1869 - See Orchis militaris Linne 1753
~Orchis radiata Thunb. 1794 - See Habenaria radiata (Thunb.) Spreng. 1826
~Orchis rariflora K.Koch 1846 - See Orchis anatolica Boissier 1844
~Orchis rassautae (Alleiz.) Alleiz. 1962 - See Dactylorhiza elata (Poiret) Soó 1962
~Orchis recurva Nyl. ex Fr. 1845 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis reichenbachii Mutel 1836 - See Nigritella rubra (Wettstein) K. Richter 1890
~Orchis repens (L.) Eyster ex Poir. 1805 - See Goodyera repens (Linne) R. Brown 1813
~Orchis repens (Nutt.) Raf. 1818 - See Habenaria repens Nutt. 1818
~Orchis rhenana Höppner 1916 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis ricasoliana Parl. 1860 - See Orchis tridentata Scopoli 1772
~Orchis rigida Höppner 1925 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis rivini Gouan 1775 - See Orchis militaris Linne 1753
~*Orchis robertiana Loisel. 1807 - See Barlia robertiana (Loiseleur) W. Greuter 1967
~Orchis robusta (T.Stephenson) Gölz & H.R.Reinhard 1975 publ. 1976 - See Orchis palustris Jacquin 1786
~*Orchis romana Sebastiani 1813 - See Dactylorhiza romana (Sebastiani) Soó 1962
~Orchis romana subsp. libanotica Mouterde 1966 - See Dactylorhiza romana (Sebastiani) Soó 1962
~Orchis romana var. guimaraesii E.G.Camus 1928 - See Dactylorhiza markusii (Tineo) H. Baumann & Künkele 1981
~Orchis ruthei M.Schulze 1897 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
Photo courtesy of Carl Austen
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Common Name The Round Leafed Orchis
Flower Size 3/4" [2 cm]
Found as a terrestrial in western Canada at elevations of 4400 feet and blooms in the summer on an erect, several flowered, racemose inflorescence with simultaneoulsy opening flowers.
Synonyms Amerorchis rotundifolia (Banks ex Pursh) Hultén 1968; Amerorchis rotundifolia f. beckettii (Boivin) Hultén 1968; Amerorchis rotundifolia var. lineata (Mousley) W.J.Schrenk 1997; Habenaria rotundifolia (Banks ex Pursh) Richardson 1823; Habenaria rotundifolia (Banks ex Pursh) Lindl. 1835; Orchis grandiflora B.Heyne in N.Wallich 1832; Orchis rotundifolia f. beckettii Boivin 1960; Orchis rotundifolia var. lineata Mousley 1941; Platanthera rotundifolia (Banks ex Pursh) Lindl. 1835; Ponerorchis rotundifolia (Banks ex Pursh) Soó 1966
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~Orchis rotundifolia f. beckettii Boivin 1960 - See Orchis rotundifolia Banks ex Pursh 1814
~Orchis rotundifolia var. lineata Mousley 1941 - See Orchis rotundifolia Banks ex Pursh 1814
~Orchis rubra Jacquin 1781 - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~Orchis rubra var. expansa (Ten.) Lindl. 1835 - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~Orchis rupestris (Miq.) Schltr. 1919 - See Orchis graminifolia (Reichb.f.) Tang & Wang 1940
~Orchis rupestre var. chidori Soó in ? - See Orchis graminifolia (Reichb.f.) Tang & Wang 1940
~Orchis ruthei M.Schulze 1897 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis saccata Tenore 1811 - See Orchis collina Banks & Solander 1794
~Orchis saccata Rchb. 1830 - See Dactylorhiza latifolia (Linne) Soó 1983
~Orchis saccata f. flavescens (Soó) Raynaud 1985 - See - See Orchis collina Banks & Solander 1794
~Orchis saccata lus. flavescens Soó 1932 - See Orchis collina Banks & Solander 1794
~Orchis saccata var. fedtschenkoi (Czerniak.) Hautz. 1978 - See Orchis collina Banks & Solander 1794
~*Orchis saccifera Brongn. 1913 - See Dactylorhiza saccifera (Brongn.) Soó 1962
~*Orchis sagittalis L.f. 1782 - See Disa sagittalis (L. f.) Sw. 1800
~Orchis sagittata Munby 1847 - See Neotinea maculata (Desfontaines) Stearn 1975
~Orchis salina Fronius 1857 - See Dactylorhiza insularis (Sommier) Landwehr 1969
~Orchis sambucina Linne 1755 - See Dactylorhiza latifolia [Linne]Soo' 1983
~Orchis sambucina Brot. 1804 - See Dactylorhiza romana (Sebastiani) Soó 1962
~Orchis sambucina f. hybrida W.Zimm. in ? - See Dactylorhiza insularis (Sommier) Landwehr 1969
~Orchis sambucina f. robusta Neuman 1901 - See Dactylorhiza insularis (Sommier) Landwehr 1969
~Orchis sambucina f. rubrobracteata Harz ex Schltdl. 1895 - See Dactylorhiza insularis (Sommier) Landwehr 1969
~Orchis sambucina var. incarnata Gaudin 1829 - See Dactylorhiza insularis (Sommier) Landwehr 1969
~Orchis sambucina var. rubra Winterl in ? - See Dactylorhiza insularis (Sommier) Landwehr 1969
Photo courtesy of Th. Pain and the Orchids of France and Europe
Common Name The Holy Land Orchis
Found in Greece, Turkey, Syria and Lebanon as a small to large sized, cool growing terrestrial with 6 to 12, oblong-lanceolate to linear leaves that blooms in the spring on a cylindric to oblong, dense inflorescence with lanceolate bracts that equal or exceed the ovary.
Synonyms Anacamptis sancta (L.) R.M.Bateman, A.M.Pridgeon & M.W.Chase . 1997; Anacamptis urvilleana Somm. & Gatto 1915; Anteriorchis sancta (L.) E.Klein & Strack 1989; Orchis coriophora subsp. sancta (Linne) Hayek ; Orchis coriophora var. sancta (Linne) Rchb. fil.; Orchis urvilleana Steud. 1840
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~Orchis schelkownikowii Woronow 1909 - See Orchis punctulata Steven ex Lindley 1835
~Orchis schirwanica Woronow 1909 - See Orchis papilionacea Linne 1759
~Orchis schleicheri Sweet 1827 - See Dactylorhiza insularis (Sommier) Landwehr 1969
~Orchis scopolii Timb.-Lagr. 1855 - See Orchis tridentata Scopoli 1772
Photo courtesy of R. Buscail and the Orchids of France and Europe
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Common Name The Branching Orchis
Endemic to Madeira, an island to the west of Morocco and north of the Canary Islands, this cool growing terrestrial orchid blooms in the spring.
Synonyms Orchis mascula subsp. scopulorum (Summerh.) H.Sund. 1980
~Orchis secundiflora Bertol. 1806 - See Neotinea maculata (Desfontaines) Stearn 1975
~Orchis sepulchralis Boiss. & Heldr. in P.E.Boissier 1854 - See Orchis punctulata Steven ex Lindley 1835
~Orchis sesquipedalis Willd. 1805 - See Dactylorhiza latifolia (Linne) Soó 1983
~Orchis sesquipedalis var. iberica T.Stephenson 1928 - See Dactylorhiza latifolia (Linne) Soó 1983
~Orchis setacea Jacq. 1760 - - See Habenaria monorrhiza [Sw.]Rchb.f 1885
~Orchis setacea Gilib. 1792 - See Gymnadenia conopsea (Linne) R. Brown 1813
~Orchis siciliensis Klinge 1898 - See Dactylorhiza romana (Sebastiani) Soó 1962
~Orchis sicula Tineo 1817 - See Dactylorhiza markusii (Tineo) H. Baumann & Künkele 1981
~Orchis signifera Vest 1824 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
Photo courtesy of Pascal Pernot and His Orchids of France and Europe
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Common Name The Monkey Orchis
Flower Size 1 1/4" [2.75 cm]
A small to medium sized, cool to cold growing terrestrial from Europe in calcareous soils in dry grasslands, scrub and open forests at elevations of sea level to 1500 meters that blooms in the spring on an oblong, densly many flowered, 2 to 3" [5 to 7.5 cm] long inflorescence with the lowermost flowers opening last.
Synonyms Orchis cercopitheca Poir 1798; Orchis italica Lamarck ?; Orchis linearis Tourlet 1903; Orchis macra Lindley 1835; Orchis militaris Sm. 1808; Orchis smithii Sweet 1826; Orchis taubertiana B.Baumann & H.Baumann 2001; Orchis tephrosantha Vill 1779; Orchis zoophora Tuil. 1799
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~Orchis simia Vill. 1787 - See Orchis tridentata Scopoli 1772
~Orchis sitiaca (Renz) P.Delforge 1990 - See Orchis anatolica Boissier 1844
~Orchis skorpili Velen. 1886 - See Orchis morio Linne 1753
~Orchis smithii Sweet 1826 - See Orchis simia Lamarck 1767
~Orchis solida Moench 1794 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis sparsiflora Ten. ex Boiss. 1882 - See Orchis collina Banks & Solander 1794
~*Orchis speciosa L.f. 1782 - See Bonatea speciosa [L.f.] Willd. 1805
~Orchis speciosa Host 1831 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis speciosa Heuff. ex Rochel 1838 - See Orchis palustris Jacquin 1786
~Orchis speciosissima Wettst. & Sennholz 1889 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis spectabilis L. 1753 - See Galearis spectabilis (L.) Raf. 1833
~Orchis spectabilis f. albiflora Ulke 1938 - See Galearis spectabilis (L.) Raf. 1833
~Orchis spectabilis f. willeyi F.Seym. 1970 - See Galearis spectabilis (L.) Raf. 1833
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~Orchis sphaerica Biebl 1808 - See Traunsteinera globosa (Linne) Rchb. 1842
Photo courtesy of Th. Pain and the Orchids of France and Europe
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Common Name Spitzel's Orchis [German Botanist]
Flower Size 1" [2.5 cm]
Found in Morocco, Algeria, Spain, France, Italy, Switzerland, Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Albania, Greece, Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey, Syria and Lebanon as a small to medium sized, cool to cold growing terrestrial orchid found in beech, pine, fir and oak woodlands on calcareous soils at elevations of sea level to 1800 meters that blooms in the spring and early summer with 10 to 20 flowers.
Synonyms Barlia spitzelii (Saut. ex W.D.J.Koch) Szlach. 2001; Orchis kelleri Hunz. ex G.Keller & Soó 1932; Orchis maireana G.Keller 1932; Orchis mrkvickana Velen. 1922; Orchis orientalis (Rchb. f.) Richter?; Orchis orientalis (Rchb.f.) Klinge 1898; Orchis patens f. orientalis (Rchb.f.) E.G.Camus 1908; Orchis patens subsp. falcicalcarata Wildh. 1974; Orchis patens subsp. orientalis (Rchb. f.) Ascherson & Graebner 1890; Orchis patens subsp. spitzelii (Saut. ex Koch) Löve & Kjellqvist 1973; Orchis patens var. atlantica Battandier & Trabut 1884; Orchis patens var. asiatica Renz; Orchis patens var. fontanesii Rchb.f. 1851; Orchis patens var. spitzelii Fiori & Paoletti; Orchis patens var. orientalis Rchb.f. 1851; Orchis spitzelii subsp. cazorlensis (Lacaita) D.Rivera & Lopez Velez 1987; Orchis spitzelii var. gotlandica Petterson 1940; Orchis spitzelii var. sendtneri Rchb. f.; Orchis viridi-fusca Albov. 1895
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~Orchis spitzelii subsp. cazorlensis (Lacaita) D.Rivera & Lopez Velez 1987 - See Orchis cazorlensis Lacaita 1930
~Orchis spitzelii subsp. gotlandica (B.Pett.) Á.Löve & D.Löve 1948 - See Orchis spitzelii Sauter ex W. Koch 1837
~Orchis spitzelii var. gotlandica Petterson 1940 - See Orchis spitzelii Sauter ex W. Koch 1837
~Orchis spitzelii var. sendtneri Rchb. f. - See Orchis spitzelii Sauter ex W. Koch ?1837
~Orchis stabiana Tenore 1833 - See Orchis mascula [Linne]Linne 1755
~Orchis steegeri Höppner 1927 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis stenanthera (Wallr.) E.H.L.Krause 1905 - See Platanthera bifolia (Linne) L.C.M. Richard 1817
~Orchis steveniana Compère ex Lév. 1842 - See Orchis punctulata Steven ex Lindley 1835
~Orchis stevenii Rchb.f. 1849 - See Orchis militaris Linne 1753
~*Orchis strateumatica L. 1753 - See Zeuxine strateumatica (L.) Schltr. 1911
~Orchis strictifolia Opiz 1852 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~*Orchis styllomisantha Vell. 1831 - See Galeandra styllomisantha (Vell.) Hoehne 1952
~Orchis suaveolens Salisb. 1796 - See Gymnadenia conopsea (Linne) R. Brown 1813
~Orchis subfusca (Rchb.f.) Murb. 1899 - See Dactylorhiza insularis (Sommier) Landwehr 1969
~Orchis sulphurea Link - See Dactylorhiza markusii (Tineo) H. Baumann & Künkele 1981
~Orchis sulphurea Sims 1825 - See Orchis pallens Linne 1771
~Orchis sulphurea var. markusii (Tineo) Maire 1931 - See Dactylorhiza markusii (Tineo) H. Baumann & Künkele 1981
~*Orchis susannae L. 1753 - See Pecteilis susannae (L.) Raf. 1837
~Orchis susannae Thunb.1784 - See Habenaria radiata (Thunb.) Spreng. 1826
Photo courtesy of Th. Pain and the Orchids of France and Europe
LATE and EARLY
Common Name The Syrian Orchis
Found in Turkey, Cyprus, Syria and Lebaenon as a cool growing terrestrial orchid that blooms in the late winter and early spring.
Synonyms Anacamptis syriaca (Boiss.ex H.Baumann & Künkele) R.M.Bateman, A.M.Pridgeon & M.W.Chase 1997; Orchis morio subsp. syriaca E.G.Camus 1908; Orchis picta subsp. libani Renz in ?
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~Orchis tabernaemontani Gmelin 1808 - See Orchis laxiflora Lamarck 1778
~Orchis taubertiana B.Baumann & H.Baumann 2001 - See Orchis simia Lamarck 1767
~Orchis taurica Lindley 1835 - See Orchis tridentata Scopoli 1772
~Orchis tenera (Landwehr) Kreutz 1991 - See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis tenoreana Gussone 1844 - See Orchis lactea Poiret 1789
~Orchis tenuifolia Burm.f. 1768 - see Disa tenuifolia Sw. 1800
~Orchis tenuifolia K.Koch 1849 - See Dactylorhiza romana (Sebastiani) Soó 1962
~Orchis tephrosantha Vill. 1779 - See Orchis simia Lamarck 1787
~Orchis tephrosanthos Desf. 1799 - See Orchis italica Poiret 1789
~Orchis tephrosanthos var. undulatifolia (Biv.) Webb 1838 - See Orchis italica Poiret 1789
~Orchis tetragona Heuff. 1833 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~Orchis tharandina Rchb.f. 1851 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~*Orchis tipuloides L.f. 1782 - See Platanthera tipuloides (L.f.) Lindl. 1835
~Orchis transsilvanica Schur 1853 - See Dactylorhiza maculata (Linne) Soó 1962
~*Orchis traunsteineri Sauter ex Rchb. 1830 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis traunsteineri Saut. ex W.Koch 1837 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis traunsteineri var. serotina Hausskn. 1885 - See Dactylorhiza fistulosa (Moench) H. Baumann & Künkele 1983
~Orchis traunsteinerioides (Pugsley) Pugsley 1940 - See Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó 1962
~Orchis trichocera Brongn. 1832 - See Orchis quadripunctata Cyrillo ex Tenore 1811
~Orchis tridactylites (Lindl.) Webb & Berthel. 1847 - See Habenaria tridactylites Lindl. 1835
Photo courtesy of Th. Pain and the Orchids of France and Europe
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Common Name The Three-Toothed Orchis
Flower Size about 5/8" [2.75 cm]
Found from France to Poland and then south to all of Europe and Turkey and the Levant as a small to medium sized, cold to cool growing terrestrial orchid with erect stems carrying 3 to 4, oblong to ovate-lanceolate leaves that become sheath-like towards the apex that blooms in the spring on a conical to ovoid, to 2" [5 cm] long, densly many flowered inflorescence.
Synonyms Neotinea tridentata (Scop.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase 1997; Orchis aetnensis Tineo in G.Gussone 1844; Orchis brevilabris Fisch. & C.A.Mey. 1854; Orchis mauri Jord. ex Cortesi 1903; Orchis parlatoris Tineo 1817; Orchis parviflora Ten. 1811; Orchis ricasoliana Parl. 1860; Orchis scopolii Timb.-Lagr. 1855; Orchis simia Vill. 1787; Orchis taurica Lindley 1835; Orchis tridentata f. alcicornis Landwehr 1977; chis tridentata var. variegata Rchb. f.; Orchis variegata All. 1785
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~; Orchis tridentata Muhl. ex Willd. 1805 - See Platanthera clavellata (Michx.) Luer 1972
~Orchis tridentata f. alcicornis Landwehr 1977 - See Orchis tridentata Scopoli 1772
~Orchis tridentata subsp. commutata (Tod.) Nyman 1882 - See Orchis conica Willdenow 1805
~Orchis tridentata subsp. conica (Willd.) O.Bolòs & Vigo 2001 - See Orchis conica Willdenow 1805
~Orchis tridentata subsp. lactea (Poir.) Rouy 1912 - See Orchis lactea Poiret 1789
~Orchis tridentata var. acuminata (Desf.) Maire & Weiller 1959 - See Orchis lactea Poiret 1789
~Orchis tridentata var. hanrici (Hénon) Maire & Weiller 1959 - See Orchis lactea Poiret 1789
~Orchis tridentata var. variegata Rchb. f. - See Orchis tridentata Scopoli 1772
~*Orchis tripetaloides L. f. 1781 - See Disa tripetaloides [Lf.] N.E. Br. 1889
~Orchis triphylla (Lindl.) Spreng. 1826 - See Cynorkis fastigiata Thouars 1822
~Orchis triphylla K.Koch 1849 - See Dactylorhiza latifolia (Linne) Soó 1983
~*Orchis triplicata Willem. 1796 - See Calanthe triplicata [Willem.]Ames 1907
~Orchis troodi (Renz) P.Delforge 1990 - See Orchis anatolica Boissier 1844
~Orchis undulatifolia Biv. 1807 - See rchis italica Poiret 1789
~Orchis untchji M.Schulze 1907- See Orchis mascula (Linne) Linne 1755
~Orchis urvilleana Steud. 1840 - See Orchis sancta Linne ?
Photo courtesy of Pascal Pernot and His Orchids of France and Europe
and
Common Name The Burnt Red Orchis
Flower Size 1/2" [1.25 cm]
Found in Sweden and The UK in the north and in all the rest of Europe except the Netherlands and Portugal as a medium sized, cold growing terrestrial orchid found at elevations up to 2000 meterd with erect stems carrying 2 to 3, oblong leaves that blooms in the spring and summer on an 2" [5 cm] long, densly many flowered oblong inflorescence with fragrant flowers..
Synonyms Neotinea ustulata (L.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase 1997; Neotinea ustulata subsp. aestivalis (Kümpel) Jacquet & Scappat. 2003; Orchis amoena Crantz 1769; Orchis columnae Schmidt 1791; Orchis hyemalis Raf. 1817; Orchis imbricata Vest. 1824; Orchis parviflora Willd. 1895; Orchis ustulata f. leopoliensis (Zapal.) Pauca 1972; Orchis ustulata subsp. aestivalis (Kümpel) Kümpel & A.C.Mrkvicka 1990; Orchis ustulata var. aestivalis Kümpel 1988; Orchis ustulata var. leopoliensis Zapal. 1906
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~Orchis ustulata f. leopoliensis (Zapal.) Pauca 1972 - See Orchis ustulata Linne 1753
~Orchis ustulata subsp. aestivalis (Kümpel) Kümpel & A.C.Mrkvicka 1990 - See Orchis ustulata Linne 1753
~Orchis ustulata var. aestivalis Kümpel 1988 - See Orchis ustulata Linne 1753
~Orchis ustulata var. leopoliensis Zapal. 1906 - See Orchis ustulata Linne 1753
~*Orchis varia J.F.Gmelin 1791 - See Dendrophylax varius (C.C. Gmel.) Urb. 1918
~Orchis variegata All. 1785 - See Orchis tridentata Scopoli 1772
~Orchis variegata Schrank 1789 - See Nigritella rubra
![!Orchis militaris Linne 1753 [Type]](orphotdir/orcmilitaris.jpg){kind=link}
