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Welcome to the Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia
Genera or species names that are synonyms of current names are denoted with a ~.
The basiosynonym of a species is denoted with a "*". The basiosynonym is the very first name that a species had before it was changed to the current species name. If you have a name in parenthesis preceding another name, the name in parentheses is the basiosynonym. An example: ~*Ophrys bicolor Naegeli - See Ophrys apifera var. bicolor (Naegeli) Nelson: Ophyrs bicolor is the basiosynonym and in the current name the parentheses, (Naegeli), is the author of the basiosynonym, while Nelson is the author of the current species Ophyrs apifera var. bicolor.
If a genus is complete [all of the species are represented] it is preceded by a `
! denotes the Type Species of the genus
* denotes the basionym or original name with the same species taxon
I have decided to include synonyms in the alphabetical listings because I have found it frustrating to find that some growers do not stay currrent in their plant names and as such we the consumer end up buying a plant that we feel is an exotic different species only to find that it is a plant that we have had for years under the correct name. An example, Brassavola rhopalorrhachis Rchb.f is actually the common species Brassavola nodosa [L]Lindley.
Symbol Chart:
Fragrance = 
Light Meter Icons; Full Shade = 
Dappled shade or Partial Shade = 
Bright Light or Full light = 
Full Sun = 
Temperature Icons;
Cold = 
2500 Meters and Up, 50`F to 55`F night average - - Cool = 
1800 to 2500 Meters, 58`F to 60`F night average
Warm = 
1000 meters to 1800 meters, 68`F to 75`F night average - - Hot = 
Sea Level to 1000 Meters, 75`F to 85`F
Season Icons;
Spring = 
Summer = 
Fall = 
Winter = 
SIZE: Miniature - under 6" tall leaf and pseudobulb Small - under 12" tall leaf and pseudobulb Medium - under 24" tall Large - under 48" tall Giant - Over 48" tall
`~Epidanthus L.O.Williams 1940 - See Epidendrum L. 1763 SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Epidendreae, SUBTRIBE Laeliinae.
~Epidanthus alfaroi (Ames & C.Schweinf.) Garay 1977 - See Epidendrum alfaroi Ames & C. Schweinf. 1930
~*Epidanthus ciliipetalus Garay 1969 - See Epidendrum ciliipetalum (Garay) H gsater & E.Santiago 2007
~Epidanthus crassus Dressler 1983 - See Epidendrum insolatum Barringer 1991 publ. 1992
~Epidanthus goniorhachis (Schltr.) L.O.Williams 1940 - See Epidendrum goniorhachis Schltr. 1918
~Epidanthus muscicola (Schltr.) L.O.Williams 1940 - See Epidendrum muscicola Schltr. 1923
~Epidanthus nervosiflorus (Ames & C.Schweinf.) Garay 1977 - See Epidendrum nervosiflorum Ames & C.Schweinf. 1925
~Epidanthus paranthicus (Rchb.f.) L.O.Williams 1940 - See Epidendrum paranthicum Rchb.f. 1852
~*Epidanthus talamancana J.T.Atwood 1989 - See Epidendrum talamancanum (J.T.Atwood) Mora-Ret. & Garc a Castro 1990 publ. 1991
~Epidanthus wercklei (Schltr.) Garay 1977 - See Epidendrum wercklei Schltr. 1906
`~Epidendropsis Garay & Dunst. 1976 - See Epidendrum L. 1763 SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Epidendreae, SUBTRIBE Laeliinae.
~Epidendropsis flexuosissima (C.Schweinf.) Garay & Dunst. 1976 - See Epidendrum flexuosissimum C.Schweinf. 1949
~Epidendropsis vincentina (Lindl.) Garay & Dunst. 1976 - See Epidendrum vincentinum Lindley 1841
~Epidendropsis violascens (Ridl.) Garay & Dunst. 1976 - See Epidendrum violascens Ridl. 1887
Epidendrum L. 1763 SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Epidendreae, SUBTRIBE Laeliinae.
This is another of the large genera with more than 1659 known species throughout tropical Americas and the Caribbean. It is distinguished by a slit rostellum and the lip is united with the column creating a nectary tube that continues through the pedicel. Many of this genus have reed like stems but they also can have thickened pseudobulbs. This is a genera that much work needs to be done to make it more uniform. Culture for this group is as diverse as the climates that they occur in, from tropical lowlands to high alpine cloud forests, but as a rule most appreciate intermediate conditions and an even watering and fertilizing schedule. There are many terrestrial species in this group as well as epiphytes so culture is important. The only common factor is good drainage. This genus is part of the Cattleya alliance and is often used in breeding orchids.
A huge thank you to Eric Hagsater and the AMO Herbarium for his and its invaluable assistance with most all aspects of understanding this incredibly diverse and confusing genus!
Revised and Reviewed 8/2020
Common Name or Meaning refers to it's epiphytic growth habit
Synonyms `Amblostoma Scheidw. 1838; `Amphiglottis Salisb. 1812; `Amphliglottium [Salisb] Lindley ex Stein 1892; Anocheile Hoffmanns. ex Rchb. 1841; `Auliza Sm. 1913; `Aulizeum Lindley ex Stein 1892; Coilostylis Raf. 1838; `Didothion Raf. 1836; Dinema Lindley 1831; Diothonea Lindl. 1834; `Epidanthus L O Williams 1940; `Epidendropsis Garay & Dunterville 1976; Exophya Raf. 1837;`Gastropodium Lindl. 1845; `Hemiscleria Lindl. 1853; `Kalopternix Garay & Dunst. 1976; `Lanium [Lindl.] Benth 1881; `Larnandra Raf. 1825; `Minicolumna Breiger 1976; `Nanodes Lindley 1832; Neolehmannia Krnzl. 1899; `Neowilliamsia Garay 1877; `Nychosma Raf. 1836; `Nyctosma Raf. 1836[1837]; `Oerstedella Rchb.f 1852; `Phaedrosanthus Neck. 1903[1904]; Physinga Lindl 1838; `Pleuranthium (Rchb.f.) Benth. 1881 `Pseudepidendrum Rchb.f 1852; Psilanthemum Klotsch 1892; `Seraphyta Fisch. & C A Mey 1840; `Spathiger Small 1913; `Spathium Lour. 1790; `Stenoglossum H.B.K. 1816; Takulumena Szlach. 2006; `Tritelandra Raf. 1837
Type species = ! = Epidendrum nocturnum Jacq. 1763
Taxomony according to Eric Hagsater and I have to say the "authority" on Epidendrum and very helpful to me in compiling this genus
The Groups of Epidendrum that have been created so far by Eric Hagsater are provisional and have not been formally described as yet, and in them, many but not all of the species listed in this encyclopedia are listed below in these groups: Also I may have some of them in the wrong groups or subgroups, it is not Eric's fault, He has never published a complete group tree of Epidendrum.
GROUP Alberti Characterized by the sympodial habit with laterally compressed to ancipitous to fusiform-thickened stems giving rise to both terminal and lateral, racemose, distichous inflorescence with more or less imbricating bracts and carrying a single successive flower.
Group Albomarginatum Characterized by the monopodial, verticle, scandent, zigzag habit, cane-like below stems, somewhat thickened along the apical middle-half or third to form a fusiform pseudobulb, the new stem originating just below the thickened part of the previous stem, apically bifoliate. The leaves are linear-lanceolate to linear-oblong in shape.
GROUP Alpicolum Characterized by the simple, cane-like stems, narrowly elliptic acute leaves, long, narrow, 1 to 2 spathaceous bracts giving rise to a foxtail-like inflorescence with small flowers with a lip that is fleshy, prominently midveined when dry, a triangular midlobe and large, orbicular lateral lobes that are larger in surface area than the midlobe, also with a prominent, emarginate, entire clinandrium
GROUP Amblostomioides Characterized by the caespitose habit, the thinly fusiform stems carrying narrow, apically bilobed, subcoriaceous leaves distributed towards the apical half of the stem that blooms on an often large, apical, erect, paniculate infloresence carrying greenish yellow to white flowers with a 3 lobed lip and with the ovaries and sepals usually dorsally pubescent
GROUP Amphyglottidae - See also GROUP Secundum SUBGROUP Secundum
GROUP Anceps Characterized by the simple stems giving rise to a generally elongate, compound racemose inflorescence producing new successive racemes over time and carrying fleshy flowers with filiform to narrowly spatulate petals
Group Ancipitosum At present a monotypic group "Characterized by the pendent, caespitose plant, ancipitose stems, with many narrow, long linear-lanceolate leaves, an apical racemose inflorescence, without spathes, the flowers pendent, resupinate, with linear petals, and widely cordiform lip, single callus, and devoid of any pillose hairs on ither the disc of de lip nor the nectary. " ICONES ORCHIDACEARUM Fasc culo 15(2), The Genus Epidendrum Part 11. (PDF Download Available).
GROUP Andean Characterized by the monopodial stems branched above, the ovate to ovate-elliptic, acute to short acuminate leaves, the lateral sepals obliquely united to the base of the column, and clearly three lobed lip
GROUP Aquaticum Characterized by the monopodial, branching habit, the distichous, erect inflorescence, with fleshy flowers, and the disc of the lip and/or nectary often pilose.
GROUP Arbusculum Characterized by the successive lateral growths arising from the middle of the previous stem and carrying a few leaves aggregate towards the apex that blooms on an arching, terminal inflorescence with membraneous, colorful flowers with a bicallose lip.
GROUP Aristisepalum - See Group Coronatum
GROUP Bambusiforme Characterized by the caespitose habit, tall, bamboo-like canes with numerous long, acuminate leaves, and the numerous lateral, racemose inflorescences
GROUP Batesii Characterized by the new stems arising in the apical half of the basal stem and can be as along as basal stem and those closest to the apex are produced first, then later but shorter stems arise further down the basal stem.
GROUP Bicirrhatum Characterized by the caespitose habit and simple, short, leafy stems blooming with a compact, nodding inflorescence with conspicuous floral bracts as long as the ovary and carrying many fleshy, green and or white flowers with a deeply bilobulate lip with sometimes cirrhate lobules and thin, unequal pollina with the inner pair being smaller without being of the bird-wing type.
GROUP Blepharistes Characterized by the sympodial, creeping habit, the erect, thickened below to fusiform above below the leaves, an apical, elongate, racemose inflorescence with new ones arising from the nodes of the peduncle carrying resupinate, bicallose flowers.
GROUP Bracteosum Characterized by the sympodial, caespitose habit with laterally compressed, ancipitous, few leafed stems enveloped by tubular, scarious sheaths that blooms on a racemose to paniculate, 3 to 11 flowered, arching inflorescence with prominent, acute floral bracts, and carrying partly spreading flowers with an entire lip, generally auriculate at the base with a tricarinate disc that is also 4 cuniculate on each side of the calli which also has fleshy laminar thickenings below
GROUP Brevivenium Characterized by the creeping habit, larger plant
GROUP Capitellatum Characterized by the erect succulent stems with non-articulate leaves, a spherical head of fleshy greenish flowers with a bicallose lip and has no spathaceous bracts
GROUP Cardiophyllum - See GROUP Andean SUBGROUP Moritzii
GROUP Carolii Characterized by the caespitose habit, short, unbranched, laterally compressed stems carrying thick, coriaceous, leaves and has a long, rat-tail-like, arching, nutant with basal long bracts and carrying many successively opening flowers.
GROUP Chloe Characterized by the sympodial, caespitose plants with simple, very thin stems carrying grass-like, acuminate, suberect leaves and blooms on a racemose, lax, few flowered inflorescence with delicate flowers with a more or less cordate lip
GROUP Coilostylis Characterized by the sympodial, caespitose plants, the stems forming a fusiform, pseudobulb, with an apical, racemose, distichous inflorescence, the peduncle covered by large bracts (but not spathaceous bracts), and flowers large, star-shaped, with long, narrow sepals and petals.
GROUP Compressibulbum Characterized by the sympodial, caespitose habit, the prominent, laterally compressed pseudobulbs, the 1 to 4 leaves aggregate at the apex, the erect, large, paniculate inflorescence, the flowers numerous and small sepals, a cordiform to widely ovate lip, the nectary short, inflated at the perianth.
GROUP Compressum Characterized by the caespitose habit, simple cane-like, laterally compressed stems, the few leaves along the stem (1-5 leaves), the large lax flowered panicle, the lip deeply 3-lobed, the lobes parallel to and surrounding the column in natural position.
GROUP Conopseum SUBGROUP Conopseum Characterized by a sympodial, bush-like habit with thin stems carrying subcoriaceous leaves and blooms on a racemose, few flowered inflorescence with mostly yellow to pale green flowers sometimes marked with purple.
GROUP Coronatum Characterized by the relatively large plants with stems carrying many leaves and blooming on an apical, racemose inflorescence without spathaceous bracts and large waxy flowers with a 3 lobed lip that is basally bicallose.
GROUP Cristatum Characterized by cane-like stems carrying many large, narrow leaves, the apical inflorescence subtended by several, large, acute, imbricating bracts through which arises a nutant, racemose inflorescence carrying fleshy flowers with a three lobed lip with entire margins.
GROUP Cuatrecasii Characterized by the caespitose habit, the fleshy coriaceous narrow leaves on simple stems, and the apical and lateral sessile inflorescences with successive flowers
GROUP Cuchibambae Characterized by the caespitose habit with simple stems carrying oblique leaves and blooms with 1 to 3 large, successive flowers with a deeply cordate, square lip with small auricles in relation to the rest of the lip arising on a distichous, rachis with large bracts
Group Cylindraceum Characterized by the sympodial habit, narrow spathaceous bracts with parallel sides an erect racemose inflorescence with non-resupinate flowers and a generally reduced, fleshy lip.
GROUP Difforme Characterized by the caespitose, sympodial plants, fleshy, pale green to glaucous leaves apical inflorescence sessile, rarely with a short peduncle, single flowered to corymbose, without spathaceous bracts, fleshy, green to yellowish green, rarely white flowers
GROUP Diothonea Characterized by the branching habit, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, bilobed leaves, the arching-nutant, racemose inflorescence, membraneous to rarely fleshy flowers with an entire to 3 lobed lip with an erose margin, no calli with or without 1 to 10, thin, smooth to erose keels and the column united to the lip from totally to obliquely united to free.
GROUP Elleanthoides Characterized by thin, branching stems carrying narrow, grassy leaves and has a hair-thin peduncle of the inflorescence and carries successively opening, small delicate flowers
GROUP Epidanthus Characterized by the short, small somewhat scandent plants with very thin stems carrying very narrow, more or less fleshy leaves each one with a small, triangular, acute opposing ligule that blooms on an apical, distichous, usually secund inflorescence and has 2 to 4 pollina.
GROUP Epidendropsis Characterized by the small, monopodial, branching plants with filiform, usually paniculate inflorescence without a spathe. Formerly given species status for the 2 pollina found in this group but that is inconsistent.
GROUP Excisum Characterized by the sympodial, caespitose habit and the cane-like stems carrying many leaves and 1 to 2 large spathes which give rise to a racemose to open panicle with a few branches carrying medium sized flowers with a three-lobed lip.
GROUP Eximium Characterized by the relatively short plants to 16" [40 cm] tall, the sympodial, non-branching, few leafed stems that blooms on an apical, generally racemose inflorescence that is short, shorter than the apical leaf and carrying bell shaped, showy, greenish yellow to green with brown or purple tinted flowers with an entire lip, and very small calli.
GROUP Ferreyae "Characterized by the sympodial, caespitose habit, cane-like stems with numerous leaves, apical inflorescence subtended by 1-2 large spathes, and a nutant, heavy racemose to paniculate inflorescence with numerous large, fleshy, attractive flowers. The new species is recognized by the large sub-orbicular lip in outline, the margins revolute, with the mid-lobe short, wide and deeply emarginate, thus bi-lobed, formed by two semicircular small lobes strongly revolute, not evident in natural position; sepals 12-16 mm long, petals are oblanceolate, sub-acute, 2.2-3.0 mm wide. "
GROUP Filamentosum Characterized by thin, short, pendant stems arising from the previous stem carrying a single, persistent, apical, linear-lanceolate, acuminate leaf [the juvenile stem has several leaves] and an apical, short, racemose inflorescence and has successive, fleshy, narrowly 3 lobed, margin of the lateral lobes dentate to ciliate, the anther is narrowly ovoid and long surpasses the apex of the column.
~ GROUP Fruticetorum - See GROUP Philippii
GROUP Frutex Characterized by the simple, cane-like stems, caespitose habit, erect, narrowly lanceolate leaves, the paniculate, disitichous inflorescence, the pendent branches, and the numerous, small, fleshy, successive flowers subtended by short, wide, rigid floral bracts.
GROUP Fruticosum Characterized by the caespitose to creeping habit with thin stems, subcoriaceous leaves and blooms on a racemose, few flowered inflorescence with greenish to purple tinged flowers with the disc of the lip fleshy thickened with 3 rounded keels
GROUP Geminiflorum Characterized by the sympodial habit, with new stems arising from the middle node of the previous one, a prominent round to ovate spathe, a few non-resupinate flowers and a papillate, excavated disc of the lip
~GROUP Goodspeedianum - See GROUP Sodiroi
Group Gygorum Characterized by the sympodial, caespitose habit, the sheaths, leaves' underside and spathe verrucose, the inflorescence apical, subtended by 1 to 2 prominent acute spathes, spathes only present at first flowering, pluri-racemose, producing new racemes from the same peduncle years after year, racemes few-flowered, the flowers with 3-lobed lip, strongly convex, the rostellum slit
GROUP Hemiscleria Characterized by the caespitose habit, the simple stems with numerous oblong-lanceolate leaves subparallell to the stem, an apical inflorescence with a strong peduncle and a very thick rachis with racemose, subglobose, dense, produced in a fascile around the rachis, fleshy, hard, bright orange-yellow flowers.
GROUP Herrenhusanum Characterized by the caespitose, sympodial habit, the erect racemose inflorescence subtended by a narrow, long spathe, and non-resupinate flowers.
GROUP Indanzense Characterized by the sympodial, sub-caespitose plants with laterally compressed stems and very rigid leaves, the elongate peduncles of the inflorescence covered by tubular bracts, and a very short rachis with successive flowers similar to those of the Macrostachyum group
GROUP Jajaense Characterized by the caespitose plants with thickened stems, a single sessile leaf the upper side dark green with the veins marked white, short racemose or sub-umbellate inflorescence with or without a spathe, with compact flowers, the lip always facing towards the axis of the raceme.
GROUP Jatunsachanum Characterized by the caespitose habit, many narrow leaves, the apical and or lateral inflorescence that produce new inflorescence through time, a long and thin column, flowers with filiform petals, a three lobed lip with a bifid midlobe with the apical margins fimbriate and carrying 2 small calli, the disc with 1 to 3, low rounded, fleshy keels, and obovoid, laterally compressed pollina with soft, granulose caudicles that are longer than the pollina
GROUP Kalopternix Characterized by the single to few reddish-brown purple flowers, often resupinate, the petals narrower than the sepals, the lip more or less cordiform, sometimes apically 3 lobed, ecallose, usually with a thickened, low, rounded rib running down the middle, the column is short and forms a right angle with the ovary which is also short.
GROUP Kockii Characterized by the caespitose habit, with 1 to 2, fleshy succulent leaves, an inflorescence subtended by 1 to 2 spathaceous bracts and 1 to 3 resupinate or not flowers with a prominent, fleshy, vernicose, 3 lobed lip.
GROUP Lanium Characterized by the puberulent to ciliate peduncle, ovary and or tepals and was considered a separate genus on the presence of an undivided lip which is attached only at the base of the gynostemium.
GROUP Laterale Characterized by the sympodial, caespitose habit with fusiform, 1 leafed pseudobulbs that blooms on a simple, distichous, apical inflorescence arising from a rudimentary pseudobulb and carrying fleshy, pale green flowers.
GROUP Leptophytum Characterized by the straggling vegetative habit, delicate, grass-like, linear leaves inflorescence racemose, subtended by a narrow, conduplicate spathe, flowers pale green, delicate, lip entire to 3-lobed, bicallose, calli elongate, parallel, fleshy, blending into a low mid-rib which runs down the middle of the lip.
GROUP Loefgrenii Characterized by the sympodial, caespitose plants blooming on a terminal, subumbelliform inflorescence subtended by prominent, wide, truncate, spathaceous bracts and has an ovary with an inflated nectary that forms a vesicle.
GROUP Macrostachyum Characterized by the erect, branching, cane-like stems giving rise to an erect to arching, many flowered inflorescence without a spathe, the very fleshy lip that is folded and embracing the column and a pubescent to papillose nectary in front of the stigmatic cavity
GROUP Mancum Characterized by the sympodial habit, narrow spathaceous bracts with parallel sides, an erect racemose inflorescence with non-resupinate flowers and a generally reduced, fleshy lip.
GROUP Maniespinosorum Characterized by the caespitose habit, erect paniculate inflorescence, without a spathe, few, laxly spaced resupinate flowers, a simple triangular, bicallose lip.
~GROUP Megagastrium - See GROUP Geminiflorum
GROUP Megalospathum Characterized by the caespitose but branching habit, many leafed stem, fleshy, oblique leaves a short few flowered racemose inflorescence subtended by a large semi-ovate spathe carrying a few resupinate flowers with the column obliquely united to the lip, occasionally free.
Characterized by the sympodial habit, simple stems, apical, paniculate inflorescence subtended by several imbricating bracts, 3-lobed lip and the petals as wide or wider than the sepals.
GROUP Nanodes Characterized by the caespitose to creeping sympodial plants with the short stems enveloped completely by the base of the non-articulate, fleshy, imbricate leaves and having a sessile, few flowered inflorescence
GROUP Nanum Characterized by the Dichaea-like pendant stems with pairs of apposing flowers on an inflorescence without spathaceous bracts and has prominent floral bracts
GROUP Negropauttense Characterized by the sympodial, caespitose plant, the simple, erect inflorescence lacking spathes but with two large bracts on the somewhat long peduncle, inflorescence flowering only once, flowers non-resupinate, with a large 3-lobed lip, and the pollinia unequal, the inner pair smaller, and each pair compressed and flat on the inner face.
GROUP Neowilliamsia Characterized by the ancipitous stems and rachis with conduplicate, acute bracts and usually non-resupinate flowers with an often digitate lip and has 2 pollina with 2, hard, laminar caudicles
GROUP Nocturnum Characterized by the simple stems carrying large star-shaped flowers usually with a 3-lobed lip
GROUP Oerstedella Characterized by the sympodial habit, mostly verrucose stems, and the rostellum which is perpendicular to the axis of the column instead of parellel, forming a wide, open sinus, as well as not having a viscidium
~Osmophytum Lindl. 1839 - See Encyclia Hooker 1828
GROUP Pachychilum " Characterized by the monopodial plants with sub-apical branching, rugose leaf sheaths, by the relatively small leaves, parallel to the stem, the short, racemose, erect inflorescence, brightly colored flowers, yellow to orange to reddish pink, with an entire, conduplicate, lip embracing the column, without any pubescence in front of the stigmatic cavity nor on the lip, but generally with two small calli. " Hagsater 2015
GROUP Philippii Characterized by the sympodial, caespitose habit, laterally compressed stems, successive flowers and a generally sub-erect, paniculate inflorescence, the peduncle with up to 4 prominent, conduplicate, ancipitose, bracts covering the lower part of the peduncle.
GROUP Physinga Characterized by the generally small, caespitose plants with an apical, racemose inflorescence that produces new racemes in time and carries successively opening flowers with only one open at a time on an elongate peduncle with acuminate bracts, an entire lip and an ovary with a prominent vesicule.
GROUP Piperinum Characterized by the monopodial, short, branching habit, the filiform petals and the entire, ecallose lip
GROUP Pleuranthium Characterized by the caespitose habit, cane-like, elongate stems with several short, lateral inflorescence
GROUP Polychlamys Characterized by the successive lateral growths arising from the middle of the previous stem carrying a few leaves towards the apex and has a distichous, apical inflorescence with prominent, conduplicate, acute, glumaceous floral bracts
GROUP Polythallum Characterized by by the much branched stems, with a tall primary stem, numerous secondary and tertiary stems and the numerous shorter flowers stems, the nodding inflorescence bears only 3-4 pale yellow flowers, lip wine-red except for the calli and apices of the lobes which are pale yellow, sepals connate at base, narrowly oblanceolate, petals linear, obliquely acute at the apex, lip deeply 3-lobed, with 5 parallel ribs on the disc and a pair of radiating shorter ribs on the lateral lobes which are obliquely triangular..
GROUP Porpax Characterized by the small creeping habit, succulent leaves and blooms with single flowers from a small spathaceous bract carrying mostly green flowers with a shiny wine-red lip.
GROUP Pseudepidendrum Characterized by the caespitose habit with cane-like stems carrying acute to acuminate leaves usually blooming on an apical inflorescence and carrying flowers with filiform petals, and a usually 3 lobed lip with 3 parallel fleshy keels, with the apical lobe often bifurcate and has "bird wing" type pollina.
GROUP Psilantherum Characterized by the fusiform pseudobulbs, racemose to paniculate inflorescence usually arising from an aborted pseudobulb carrying attractive flowers with a 4 lobed lip with divaricate, oblong lobes and yellowish dotted reddish purple tepals
GROUP Quispei Characterized by the monopodial branching stems with the new ones arising from a subapical internode of the previous stem, the lack of spathaceous bracts, 1 to 2 bracts on the peduncle, a racemose inflorescence carrying star-shaped flowers with the petals somewhat narrower than the sepals and a deeply cordiform and acute lip.
GROUP QuisayanumRecognized by the plants with ovate to narrowly ovate leaves, apical, erect inflorescence with non-resupinate flowers, the peduncle nearly totally hidden by 1 to 2 tubular spathes, the lip entirely embracing the column, and excavated towards the base reminiscent of Malaxis
GROUP Ramosum Characterized by the repent to erect, branching stems, the distichous inflorescence and the lip with a single callus
GROUP Recurvatum is characterized by the caespitose, sympodial habit, the several leaves distributed towards the apex of the cane-like stem, apical inflorescence without any spathe, racemose to paniculate, the flowers always oriented towards the apex of the rachis, petals narrower than the sepals, and the entire lip ecallose with parallel ribs down the middle.
~Group refractoides = Group Fruticetorum and Group Philippii
GROUP RothiiCharacterized by the by the caespitose habit, and the ecallose lip with low keels and 4 cunicula formed between the keels, with only Epidendrum rothii known to date within this group.
GROUP Rupestre Characterized by the caespitose, sympodial habit, the pseudobulbous stems carrying 1 to 4 fully developed apical, leaves, no spathes at the base of the erect, racemose to paniculate inflorescence and an ecallose lip with several fleshy, thickened keels on the disc
GROUP Saxicola Characterized by the pseudobulbous stems, racemose inflorescence subtended by a prominent spathaceous bract, and few, showy flowers, either resupinate or non-resupinate. The species is recognized by the creeping habit, fusiform, uni-foliate pseudobulbs, the erect, few-flowered inflorescence, non-resupinate, second, purple flowers, the petals oblanceolate, the cordiform lip united to the column throughout.
~ GROUP Scabrum Characterized by a branching stem with infundibuliform, rugose, leaf sheaths and carrying acute, aristate, lanceolate leaves blooming on a short, thin, capitate inflorescence and has flowers with a bicallose lip. - See GROUP Andean SUBGROUP Moritzii
GROUP Secundum Characterized by the caespitose habit, the numerous coriaceous leaves, the generally elongate peduncle to pluriracemose inflorescence with brightly colored flowers generally pollinated by hummingbirds, with the caudicles of the pollinarium granulose, and the tetrads appearing like a loose stack of roof tiles.
GROUP Seraphyta Charaterized by simple stems, numerous elliptic to lanceolate elliptic leaves, and a much branched, paniculate inflorescence, up to twice the length of the stems, with many, very small, delicate, translucent flowers with an entire, ovate-cordiform lip; when dry the whole specimen turns conspicuously reddish.
GROUP Smaragdinum Characterized, by the caespitose, sympodial habit, the stem carrying many leaves of which the surface is parchment-like when dry, the thickened rachis and carrying small, successive, basically green flowers
GROUP Sodiroi Characterized by the tall, sympodial, caespitose, cane like stems, , the leaves clearly marked and thickened by the veins, paniculate inflorescence, flowers with more or less 3 lobed lip and the margin erose to fimbriate, the dorsal surface of the sepals and ovary verrucose or muricate and has filiform petals.
GROUP Spathiger Characterized by the sympodial habit, coriaceous leaves, and the racemose, distichous inflorescence carrying fleshy green to purplish flowers
GROUP Takulumena Characterized by the small Vanda-like plants with simple imbricating, distichous leaves that blooms on a lateral, complicated inflorescence that produces new single flowered segments over several years.
GROUP Tandpanianum Characterized by the subcaespitose habit, 2 ranked leaves facing one side of the stem, single flowered inflorescence, with a large, triangular, bicallose lip
GROUP Tipuloideum Characterized by the caespitose, sympodial habit, 1-2 apical leaves on a short stem, grass-like to thickened and fleshy to semi-terete, a short, racemose inflorscence, the flowers green, petals narrower than the sepals, and deeply 3-lobed lip
GROUP Ventricosum Characterized by the sympodial habit, the few leaved stem, the prominent spathaceous bract and the resupinate flowers, mostly bright purple with a wide, smooth nectary that does not penetrate the ovary
GROUP Violascens Characterized by the 2 hard, yellow-cream pollina and caused it to be placed in a new genus by Garay, Epidendropsis, which Hagsater feels is unessesary
~GROUP Viridipurpureum See GROUP Pseudepidendrum SUBGROUP viridipurpureum
Now for the Genus Epidendrum Alphabetically
LATER
~*Epidendrum abbreviatum Schltr. 1905 - See Anacheilium abbreviatum [Schlechter] Withner and Harding 2004
GROUP Oerstedella SUBGROUP Aberrans
EARLY
~Epidendrum aciculare Bateman ex Lindley 1841 - See Encyclia bractescens (Lindl.) Hoehne 1952
~Epidendrum acinacifolium Sess & Mo . 1894 - See Ionopsis satyrioides (Sw.) Rchb.f. 1863
~Epidendrum acinaciforme Pav. ex Lindl. 1833 - See Tolumnia tetrapetala (Jacq.) Braem 1986
GROUP Secundum SUBGROUP Secundum
THROUGH
~Epidendrum acklandiae Rchb.f 1862 - See Cattleya aclandiae Lindl. 1840
~Epidendrum aclandiae Rchb.f 1862 - See Cattleya aclandiae Lindl. 1840
~Epidendrum acrirachis Pabst 1955 - See Epidendrum orchidiflorum Salzm. ex Lindl. 1831
LATE EARLY
LATER
~Epidendrum acrochordonium Schlechter 1918 - Epidendrum pumilum Rolfe 1893
GROUP Andean SUBGROUP Moritzii
GROUP Secundum SUBGROUP Elongatum
LATE EARLY
~Epidendrum acrostigma H gsater & Garc a-Cruz 1999 - See Epidendrum gibbosum L.O.Williams 1941
GROUP Arbuscula SUBGROUP Incomptum
LATE EARLY
~Epidendrum aculeatum (L.f.) Poir. 1810 - See Eulophia aculeata (L.f.) Spreng. 1826
GROUP Andean SUBGROUP Vernixium
LATE
GROUP Alpicolum SUBGROUP Alpicolum
~Epidendrum acuminatum Sess & Moc. 1894 - See Anacheilium baculus [Rchb.f] Withner & Harding 2004
GROUP Ramosum SUBGROUP Mirabile
~Epidendrum acutifolium (Schltr.) Carabia 1943 - See Encyclia acutifolia Schltr. 1923
GROUP Secundum SUBGROUP Elongatum
~Epidendrum acutum (Schltr.) A.D.Hawkes 1957 - See Encyclia chloroleuca [Hooker]Neumann 1845-6
GROUP Andean SUBGROUP Vernixium
LATE
~Epidendrum adenocarpon Lex. 1825 - See Encyclia adenocarpa (Lex.) Schltr. 1914
~Epidendrum adenocarpon var. rosei Ames, F.T.Hubb. & C Schweinf. 1935 - See Encyclia adenocarpa (Lex.) Schltr. 1914
~*Epidendrum adenocaulum La Llave & Lex. 1825 - See Encyclia adenocarpa (Lex.) Schltr. 1914
GROUP Alberti SUBGROUP Allenii
~Epidendrum adolphii Schechter 1906 - See Epidendrum endresii Rchb. f. 1883
2003 GROUP Diothonea SUBGROUP Diothonea
LATER
LATE EARLY
~*Epidendrum advenum Rchb.f 1872 - See Encyclia advena Brade 1935
~*Epidendrum aemulum Lindl. 1836 - See Anacheilium aemulum ( Lindl. ) Withner & P.A.Harding 2004
~Epidendrum aemulum var brevistriatum Rchb.f 1876 - See Anacheilium aemulum ( Lindl. ) Withner & P.A.Harding 2004
GROUP Alpicolum SUBGROUP Alpicolum
LATE
~Epidendrum aerides Rausch 1797 - See Aerides odorata Lour. 1790
~Epidendrum aeridifolium Rchb.f. 1865 - See Epidendrum harrisoniae Hook. 1833
~Epidendrum aeridiforme Booth 1845 - See Epidendrum harrisoniae Hook. 1833
~Epidendrum aerosanthum St.-Lag. 1880 - See Arachnis flos-aeris (L.) Rchb. f. 1886
~Epidendrum affine Richard 1850 - See Encyclia fucata (Lindl.) Britton & Millsp. 1920
~Epidendrum affine Focke 1853 - See Encyclia guianensis Carnevali & G.A.Romero 1994
~Epidendrum affine Rchb. f.1856 - See Epidendrum cnemidophorum Lindl. 1853
GROUP Pseudepidendrum SUBGROUP Densiflorum
GROUP Pleuranthium SUBGROUP Dendrobii
~Epidendrum aggregatum Roxb. ex Steud. 1840 - See Dendrobium lindleyi Steud. 1840
GROUP Pseudepidendrum SUBGROUP Paniculatum
GROUP Pseudepidendrum SUBGROUP Paniculatum
GROUP Pseudepidendrum SUBGROUP Paniculatum
LATE EARLY
LATE EARLY
GROUP Arbusculum SUBGROUP Arbuscula
LATER
~*Epidendrum alagoense Pabst 1964 - See Anacheilium alagoensis [Pabst] Pabst, Moutinho & Pinto 1981
~Epidendrum alanjense Ames 1922 - See Encyclia stellata (Lindl.) Schltr. 1914
~*Epidendrum alatum Bateman 1840 - See Encyclia alata [Bateman]Schlechter 1914
~Epidendrum alatum Lindl. 1847 - See Encyclia ambigua [Lindley] Schlechter 1914
~Epidendrum alatum var. grandiflorum Regel 1856 - See Encyclia alata [Bateman]Schlechter 1914
~Epidendrum alatum var. longipetalum (Lindl. & Paxton) Regel 1856 - See Encyclia alata [Bateman]Schlechter 1914
~Epidendrum alatum var majus Hort. ex Sanders 1927 - See Encyclia alata [Bateman]Schlechter 1914
~*Epidendrumm alatum var parviflorum Regel 1856 - See Encyclia parviflora [Regel] Withner 1998
~Epidendrumm alatum var viridiflorum Regel 1856 - See Encyclia guatemalensis [Klotzsch] Dressler & Pollard 1971
GROUP Arbusculum SUBGROUP Incomptum
LATE
GROUP Alberti SUBGROUP Alberti
to
EARLY
GROUP Conopseum SUBGROUP Propinquum
EARLIER
~*Epidendrum albopurpureum Barb.Rodr. 1877 - See Encyclia albopurpurea (Barb.Rodr.) Porto & Brade 1935
GROUP Nocturnum SUBGROUP Nocturnum
LATER
~Epidendrum alexandri Schltr.1922 - See Epidendrum cristatum Ruiz & Pav. 1798
GROUP Arbuscula SUBGROUP Arbuscula
GROUP Diothonea SUBGROUP Diothonea
LATE THROUGH LATE
LATER
~Epidendrum allare Vell - See Catasetum luridum (Link) Lindl. 1832
~Epidendrum allemanianum Barb.Rodr. 1881 - See Anacheilium allemanii (Barb.Rodr.) Pabst, Moutinho & A.V.Pinto 1981
~*Epidendrum allemanii Barb.Rodr. 1877 - See Anacheilium allemanii (Barb.Rodr.) Pabst, Moutinho & A.V.Pinto 1981
~*Epidendrum allemanoides Hoehne 1933 - See Anacheilium allemanoides [Hoehne] Pabst, Moutinho, Pinto 1981
~Epidendrum X allemanoides Hoehne 1934 - See Anacheilium allemanoides [Hoehne] Pabst, Moutinho, Pinto 1981
GROUP Alberti SUBGROUP Allenii
LATER THROUGH MID
GROUP Diothonea SUBGROUP Diothonea
GROUP Spathiger SUBGROUP Coriifolium
THROUGH
~Epidendrum almasii Hoehne 1947 - See Anacheilium glumaceum (Lindl.) Pabst, Moutinho ex A.V. Pinto 1981
~Epidendrum almasyi Hoehne 1947 - See Anacheilium glumaceum (Lindl.) Pabst, Moutinho ex A.V. Pinto 1981
~Epidendrum aloides Curtis 1797 - See Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw. 1799
~*Epidendrum aloifolium L. 1753 - See Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw. 1799
~Epidendrum aloifolium Bateman not L. 1840 - See Epidendrum parkinsonianum Hooker 1840
~*Epidendrum aloisii Schltr. 1921 - See Anacheilium aloisii (Schltr.) Withner & P.A.Harding 2004
GROUP Alpicolum SUBGROUP Alpicolum
~Epidendrum alpestre Sw. 1788 - See Pleurothallis alpestris (Sw.) Lindl. 1830
GROUP Alpicolum SUBGROUP AlpicolumTYPE for the group
GROUP Alpicolum SUBGROUP Alpicolum
LATE EARLY
LATE
~Epidendrum alternans Lindl. 1841 - See Epidendrum fimbriatum Kunth 1816
LATE AND
GROUP Arbuscula SUBGROUP Arbuscula
LATE THROUGH EARLY
~*Epidendrum altissimum Jacq. 1760 - See Oncidium altissimum (Jacq.) Sw. 1800
~Epidendrum altissimum Jacq. 1763 - See Oncidium abruptum Linden & Rchb. f. 1922
~*Epidendrum altissimum Bateman 1838 - See Encyclia altissima Schltr. 1914
~Epidendrum altissimum F. Lehm. & Kraenzl. 1899 - See Epidendrum peraltum Schltr. 1920
NOCTURNAL
~Epidendrum altum (Willd.) Poir. 1810 - See Bletia purpurea [Lamb.] D.C. 1841
GROUP Spathiger SUBGROUP Coriifolium
LATER and EARLY
~*Epidendrum amabile L. 1753 - See Phalaenopsis amablis [L.] Blume 1825
~Epidendrum amabile [Batem] God-Leb. 1887 - See Encyclia jenischiana (Rchb. f.) Porto & Brade 1935
~Epidendrum amabile Linden & Rchb. f. 1855 - See Pollardia concolor [LaLlave &lex.] Withner & Harding 2004
~*Epidendrum amandum Ames 1923 - See Encyclia amanda (Ames) Dressler 1971
GROUP Diothonea SUBGROUP Diothonea
LATER
GROUP Arbuscula SUBGROUP Arbuscula
GROUP Spathiger SUBGROUP Coriifolium
~Epidendrum amazonicum Schltr. 1925 - See Epidendrum coronatum Ruiz & Pav. 1798
~Epidendrum ambiguum Lindley 1853 - See Encyclia ambigua [Lindley] Schlechter 1914
~Epidendrum amblostoma Rchb.f. 1854 - See Epidendrum tridactylum Lindl. 1838
GROUP Amblostomoides type
~Epidendrum amesianum Correll 1947 - See Epidendrum eximium L.O. Williams 1941
LATER
~*Epidendrum amethestoglossum Rchb.f. 1861 - See Cattleya guttata Lindley 1831
~*Epidendrum amictum L. Linden & Rchb. f. 1855 - See Encyclia amicta (L. Linden & Rchb. f.) Schltr. 1919
~Epidendrum amparoanum Schlechter 1923 - See Epidendrum barbeyanum Kraenzl. 1895
EARLIER
LATE EARLY
to
~Epidendrum amphistomum f. rubrifolium P.M.Br. 2000 - See Epidendrum amphistomum A. Rich. 1850
LATER
LATE EARLY
GROUP Coronatum SUBGROUP Aristisepalum
GROUP Arbuscula SUBGROUP Amplexicaule
EARLIER
GROUP Pseudepidendrum SUBGROUP Porphyreum
LATE
LATE EARLY
to
~Epidendrum anceps Sw. 1788 - See Epidendrum bifarium Sw. 1799
~Epidendrum anceps var. typicum Stehl 1939 - See Epidendrum anceps Jacq. 1763
~Epidendrum anceps var viridipurpureum [Hkr.]Lindl. 1853 - See Epidendrum anceps Jacq. 1763
GROUP Nocturnum SUBGROUP Nocturnum
~ Epidendrum ancipitinocturnum Hagsater & J M P Cordiero 2020- See Epidendrum purpureocaule Essers & Sambin 2018
GROUP Amblostoma SUBGROUP Amblostomioides
LATER
EARLIER
GROUP Andean SUBGROUP Renilabium
to
LATER
LATE EARLY
GROUP Pseudepidendrum SUBGROUP Densiflrumm
GROUP Pseudepidendrum SUBGROUP Paniculatum
EARLIER
GROUP Amphyglottis SUBGROUP Glossaspis
~*Epidendrum angustifolium Sw. 1788 - See Encyclia angustifolia (Sw.) Schltr. 1918
GROUP Pseudepidendrum SUBGROUP Paniculatum
GROUP Nocturnum SUBGROUP Nocturnum
LATE EARLY
GROUP Spathiger SUBGROUP Rigidum
LATE to
GROUP Andean SUBGROUP Cuniculatum
LATE
EARLIER
GROUP Anisatum type
LATEEARLY
GROUP Andean SUBGROUP Fritzianum
GROUP Ramosum SUBGROUP Rugosum
EARLY THROUGH EARLIER
THROUGH
~Epidendrum ansiferum Rchb. f. 1854 - See Epidendrum secundum Jacq. 1760
~*Epidendrum antenniferum Humb. & Bonpl. 1808 - See Trichoceros antennifer [Humb. & Bonpl.] Kunth 1816
~Epidendrum antenniferum Lindley & Paxton 1851 - See Epidendrum longipetalum A. Rich. & Galeotti 1845
GROUP Alpicolum SUBGROUP Alpicolum
LATER THROUGH
GROUP Alpicolum SUBGROUP Alpicolum
LATER
GROUP Andean SUBGROUP Anthropophorum
GROUP Ramosum SUBGROUP Rugosum
LATER LATE
~Epidendrum antioquiense Schltr. 1920 - Epidendrum secundum Jacq. 1760
GROUP Pseudepidendrum SUBGROUP Turialvae
GROUP Secundum SUBGROUP Secundum
and LATER
~Epidendrum aphyllum (Roxb.) Poir. 1810 - See Dendrobium aphyllum (Roxb.) C.E.C. Fisch. 1928
GROUP Pseudepidendrum SUBGROUP Porphyreum
~Epidendrum apiculatum Lindley 1877 - See Anacheilium aemulum ( Lindl. ) Withner & P.A.Harding 2004
~Epidendrum aporum Garay 1969 - See Epidendrum lockhartioides Schltr. 1923
~Epidendrum aquaticoides var. pusillum C.Schweinf. 1943 - See Epidendrum incapachychilum H gsater & E.Santiago 2015
LATER
Epidendrum aquaticum Lindl. 1843 - See Epidendrum dendrobioides Thunb. 1818
GROUP Secundum SUBGROUP Elongatum
~Epidendrum arachnoideum Barb. Rodr. 1877 - See Epidendrum difforme Jacq. 1760
GROUP Arbusculum SUBGROUP Arbusculum TYPE for the section
to
~Epidendrum arbuscula var. radioferens Ames, F.T.Hubb. & C.Schweinf. 1935 - See Epidendrum radioferens [Ames,F.T.Hubb.& C.Schweinf.]Hagsater 1977
GROUP Nocturnum SUBGROUP Nocturnum
GROUP Alpicolum SUBGROUP Alpicolum
THROUGH MID
to
GROUP Diothonea SUBGROUP Diothonea
to LATE to
GROUP Diothonea SUBGROUP Diothonea
~*Epidendrum argentinense Speg. 1916 - See Encyclia argentinensis (R. Speg.) Hoehne 1952
GROUP Macrostachyum SUBGROUP Macrostachyum
THROUGH
GROUP Albertii SUBGROUP Allenii
THROUGH
GROUP Coronatum SUBGROUP Aristisepalum
LATER
GROUP Coronatum SUBGROUP Aristisepalum
LATER
~Epidendrum aristotelea Raeusch. 1797 - See Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames 1908
GROUP Alpicolum SUBGROUP Alpicolum
to LATE
~ *Epidendrum arminii Rchb.f 1855 - See Prosthechea arminii (Rchb.f.) Withner & P.A.Harding 2004
GROUP Pseudepidendrum SUBGROUP Porphyreum
LATE
~Epidendrum aromaticum (Sw.) J.Parm. 1818 - See Vanilla mexicana Mill. 1768
~*Epidendrum aromaticum Bateman 1838 - See Encyclia incumbens (Lindl.) Mabb 1984
GROUP Secundum SUBGROUP Elongatum
GROUP Anceps SUBGROUP Polyanthum
LATE EARLIER
~Epidendrum articulatum Klotsch 1838 - See Pollardia livida [Lindl.] Withner & Harding 2004
~Epidendrum arundinaceum F. Lehm. & Kraenzl. 1899 - See Epidendrum hymenodes Lindl. 1853
~Epidendrum asperirachis (Garay) A.D. Hawkes 1957 - See Encyclia aspera (Lindl.) Schltr. 1918
~*Epidendrum asperum Lindl. 1834 - See Encyclia aspera (Lindl.) Schltr. 1918
EARLY THROUGH EARLY
GROUP Diothonea SUBGROUP Diothonea
LATE
GROUP Pseudepidendrum SUBGROUP Porphyreum
GROUP Excisum SUBGROUP Leucochilum
~*Epidendrum atropurpureum Willd. 1806 - See Psychilis atropurpurea (Willd.) Sauleda 1988
~Epidendrum atropurpureum var. laciniatum Ames, F.T. Hubb. & C. Schweinf. 1935 - See Psychilis atropurpurea (Willd.) Sauleda 1988
~Epidendrum atropurpureum var. lionetianum Cogn. 1903 - See Encyclia cordigera (Rchb. f.) Dressler 1964
~Epidendrum atropurpureum var. longilabre Cogn. 1903 - See Encyclia cordigera (Rchb. f.) Dressler 1964
~Epidendrum atropurpureum var randii. (Barb.Rodr.) Linden & Rodigas 1886 - See Encyclia randii [Barb.Rodr.]Porto & Brade 1935
~Epidendrum atropurpureum var. roseum (Bateman) Rchb. f. 1854 - See Encyclia hanburyi (Lindl.) Schltr. 1914
~*Epidendrum atrorubens Rolfe 1896 - See Encyclia atrorubens (Rolfe) Schltr. 1918
GROUP Ramosum SUBGROUP Rugosum
THROUGH
GROUP Pseudepidendrum SUBGROUP Paniculatum
LATE to
EARLY
GROUP Polychlamys SUBGROUP Polychlamys
LATE
LATE
GROUP Oerstedella SUBGROUP Aberrans
LATE
~*Epidendrum aurantiacum Batem. ex Lindley 1838 - See Cattleya aurantiaca [Bateman ex Lindley]P.N.Don 1840
GROUP Secundum SUBGROUP Elongatum
GROUP Diothonea SUBGROUP Diothonea
LATER
~Epidendrum aureum Lindley 1853 - See Cattleya aurantiaca [Bateman ex Lindley]P.N.Don 1840
~*Epidendrum auricula Vell. 1831 - See Oncidium auricula (Vell.) Pabst 1957
~Epidendrum auriculigerum Rchb. f. 1888 - See Panarica ionocentra [Rchb.f] Withner & Harding 2004
LATE
GROUP Andean SUBGROUP Vernixium
~Epidendrum auritum Lindl 1843 - See Nidema boothii (Lindl.) Schltr. 1922
~Epidendrum auropurpureum Lindl. 1831 - See Psychilis bifida (Aubl.) Sauleda 1988
~Epidendrum aurorae Dodson & D.E.Benn. 1989 - See Epidendrum fritzianum Hoehne 1952
~*Epidendrum autumnale G.Forst. 1786 - See Earina autumnalis (G.Forst.) Hook.f. 1853
and
GROUP Arbuscula SUBGROUP Incomptum
EARLIER
GROUP Secundum SUBGROUP Secundum
LATER
~Epidendrum bacigalupianum A.D.Hawkes 1957 - See Encyclia maderoi Schltr. 1920
~Epidendrum baculibulbum Schltr. 1923 - See Prosthechea crassilabia [Poepp. & Endl.] Carnevali & Ramierez 2003
~*Epidendrum baculus Rchb. f. 1856 - See Anacheilium baculus [Rchb.f] Withner & Harding 2004
GROUP Arbuscula SUBGROUP Arbuscula
THROUGH LATE
GROUP Excisum SUBGROUP Excisum
~Epidendrum bahamaense Griesb. 1864 - See Encyclia rufa [Lindley]Britton & Millsap 1920
~Epidendrum bahiense Rchb. f. 1859 - See Epidendrum nocturnum Jacq. 1763
GROUP Ramosum SUBGROUP Paranense
GROUP Arbuscula SUBGROUP Arbuscula
LATER
to
to
GROUP Macrostachyum SUBGROUP Macrostachyum
GROUP Polychlamys SUBGROUP Polychlamys
LATE
GROUP Pseudepidendrum SUBGROUP Paniculatum
LATE
~Epidendrum barkeriola Rchb.f 1884 - See Barkeria barkeriola Rchb. f. 1884
~*Epidendrum barringtoniae Sm. 1793 - See Sudamerlycaste barringtoniae (Sm.) Archila 2002
~Epidendrum basilare Klotzsch 1843 - See Epidendrum stamfordianum Bateman 1838
~Epidendrum bathyschistum Schltr. 1919 - See Epidendrum cristatum Ruiz & Pav. 1798
GROUP Secundum SUBGROUP Secundum
to
GROUP Spathiger SUBGROUP Rigidum
LATER
~Epidendrum begotii P.Castro & da Silva 1995 - See Epidendrum dentilobum Ames, F.T.Hubb. & C.Schweinf. 1935
GROUP Spathiger SUBGROUP Coriifolium
LATE THROUGH MID
~*Epidendrum belizense Rchb.f. 1877 - See Encyclia guatemalensis [Klotzsch] Dressler & Pollard 1971
GROUP Spathiger SUBGROUP Coriifolium
LATE EARLY
LATE
~Epidendrum belvederense Fawc. & Rendl. 1909 - See Encyclia isochila (Rchb. f.) Dod 1986
~Epidendrum belvederense var. brevifolium Cogn. 1909 - See Encyclia isochila (Rchb. f.) Dod 1986
~Epidendrum benignum Ames 1923 - See Epidendrum coronatum Ruiz & Pav. 1798
LATE
EARLIER
GROUP Anceps SUBGROUP Polyanthum
EARLIER
EARLIER
THROUGH LATE
GROUP Coronatum SUBGROUP Coronatum
~Epidendrum beyrodtianum Schltr. 1915 - See Anacheilium baculus [Rchb.f] Withner & Harding 2004
LATER
~Epidendrum bicameratum Rchb. f. 1871 - See Prosthechea bicamerata [Rchb.f] Higgins 1997
LATE EARLY
~Epidendrum bicolor Rchb.f. 1861 - See Cattleya bicolor Lindley 1836
~*Epidendrum bicornutum Hooker 1834 - See Caularthron bicornutum [Hooker] Raf. 1836
LATE
~Epidendrum bidentatum Lindley 1853 - See Prosthechea boothiana [Lindl.] Higgins 1997
~ Epidendrum bifalce Schltr. 1921 - See Epidendrum atacazoicum Schltr. 1921
~*Epidendrum bifidum Aubl.1775 - See Psychilis bifida (Aubl.) Sauleda 1988
~Epidendrum bifidum Lindl. ex Rchb.f. 1859 - See Psychilis olivacea (Cogn.) Sauleda 1988
~Epidendrum biflorum G.Forst. 1786 - See Dendrobium biflorum [G Forst.] Sw. 1799
~Epidendrum biflorum Barb. Rodr. 1877 - See Encyclia dichroma (Lindl.) Schltr. 1914
~Epidendrum biflorum Cogn. 1902 - See Epidendrum sculptum Rchb.f. 1854
~Epidendrum bigibberosum Rchb. f. 1862 - See Caularthron bilamellatum (Rchb. f.) R.E. Schult. 1958
~*Epidendrum bilamellatum Rchb. f. 1862 - See Caularthron bilamellatum (Rchb. f.) R.E. Schult. 1958
GROUP Spathiger SUBGROUP Coriifolium
LATER
GROUP Diothonea SUBGROUP Diothonea
~Epidendrum bipapulare Rchb.f 1865 - See Encyclia bipapularis [Rchb.f] Acuna 1939
GROUP Coronatum SUBGROUP Aristisepalum
LATE
~Epidendrum biserrum Rich. 1792 - See Lockhartia biserra (Rich.) Christenson & Garay 1996
~Epidendrum bisetum Lindl. 1841 - See Epidendrum polyanthum Lindl. 1831
GROUP Pseuedepidenrum SUBGROUP Paniculatum
GROUP Arbuscula SUBGROUP Incomptum
GROUP Arbusculum SUBGROUP Incomptum
~Epidendrum bituberculatum Rolfe 1892 - See Epidendrum ibaguense H.B.K. 1816
~Epidendrum blandum Kraenzl. 1911 - See Epidendrum campestre Lindl. 1844
~Epidendrum blepharichilum var. majus C.Schweinf. 1943 - See Epidendrum blepharichilum Kraenzl. 1916
to
GROUP Amphyglottis SUBGROUP Glossaspis
~Epidendrum bletioides Griseb. 1864 - Encyclia isochila (Rchb. f.) Dod 1986
GROUP Arbuscula SUBGROUP Incomptum
~Epidendrum boissierianum Schltr. 1918 - See Epidendrum sculptum Rchb.f. 1854
LATE
to LATER
~Epidendrum boothianum Lindl. 1838 - See Prosthechea boothiana [Lindl.] Higgins 1997
~Epidendrum boothianum subs erythroniioides [Small] Luer 1971 - See Prosthechea boothiana [Lindl.] Higgins 1997
~Epidendrum boothii (Lindl.) L.O. Williams 1939 - See Nidema boothii (Lindl.) Schltr. 1922
to
GROUP Macrostachyum SUBGROUP Macrostachyum
to
EARLY
GROUP Alpicolum SUBGROUP Alpicolum
GROUP Arbuscula SUBGROUP Incomptum
~Epidendrum bourgeaui Schltr. 1918 - See Epidendrum repens Cogn. 1909
LATE
EARLY
GROUP Megalospathum SUBGROUP Megalopspathum
~*Epidendrum brachiatum A. Rich. & Galeotti 1945 - See Prosthechea brachiata [Rich & Gal.] Dressler & Pollard 1971
~Epidendrum brachychilum Lindl. 1846 - See Anacheilium brachychilum [Lindl.] Withner & Harding 2004
EARLIER EARLY
GROUP Pleuranthium SUBGROUP Dendrobii
~*Epidendrum brachychilum Lindl. 1846 - See Prosthechea brachychila (Lindl.) W.E. Higgins 1997
~Epidendrum brachycladium Lindl. 1853 - See Epidendrum blepharistes Barker ex Lindl. 1844
~Epidendrum brachycladium var. crassipes Lindl. 1853 - See Epidendrum blepharistes Barker ex Lindl. 1844
GROUP Ramosum SUBGROUP Platystigma
~*Epidendrum brachycolumnum L.O. Williams 1942 - See Hagsatera brachycolumna (L.O. Williams) R. Gonz lez 1974
GROUP Secundum SUBGROUP Elongatum
~*Epidendrum brachyglossum var. microtum Lindl. 1853 - See Epidendrum microtum (Lindl.) H gsater & L.S nchez 2009
~Epidendrum brachyglossum Cogn 1910 - See Neocogniauxia monophylla (Griseb.) Schltr. 1913
~Epidendrum brachyglossum var. microtum Lindl.1853 - See Epidendrum brachyglossum Lindl.1844
GROUP Macrostachyum SUBGROUP Macrostachyum
~Epidendrum brachyphyllum Lindl. 1853 - See Epidendrum secundum Jacq. 1760
GROUP Alberti SUBGROUP Alberti
LATE EARLY
GROUP Megalospathum SUBGROUP Megalospathum
LATER THROUGH MID
~Epidendrum brachystachyum Thouars 1822 - See Beclardia macrostachya (Thouars) A. Rich. 1828
~ *Epidendrum brachystele Schltr. 1924 - See Epidendrum colombianum A.D.Hawkes 1957
~Epidendrum brachysteloides H gsater 1992 - See Epidendrum colombianum A.D.Hawkes 1957
GROUP Macrostachyum SUBGROUP Macrostachyum
LATER
GROUP Pseudepidendrum SUBGROUP Densiflorum
MID LATER
~*Epidendrum bracteatum Barb. Rodr. 1877 - See Encyclia bracteata (Barb. Rodr.) Schltr. ex Hoehne 1930
~*Epidendrum bracteatum Vell. 1831 - See Rodriguezia bracteata (Vell.) Hoehne 1952
THROUGH LATE
GROUP Ramosum SUBGROUP Platystigma
LATE
EARLIER
~*Epidendrum bractescens Lindl. 1840 - See Encyclia bractescens (Lindl.) Hoehne 1952
GROUP Macrostachyum SUBGROUP Macrostachyum
to LATE to
~Epidendrum bradeanum Kraenzl. 1915 - See Epidendrum fulgens Brongn. 1834
~Epidendrum brasiliense Hawkes 1956 - See Encyclia dichroma (Lindl.) Schltr. 1914
~Epidendrum brassavolae Rchb. f. 1852 - See Panarica brassavolae [Rchb.f] Withner & Harding 2004
GROUP Arbuscula SUBGROUP Incomptum
THROUGH EARLY
LATER
~ Epidendrum brevicaule Schltr.1922 - See Epidendrum schlechterianum Ames 1924
to
~Epidendrum brevicolle Kraenzl. 1921 - See Epidendrum henschenii Barb.Rodr. 1882
~Epidendrum brevifolium Jenn. 1917 - See Encyclia brevifolia (Jenn.) Ackerman & Muj.Benitez 2012
~Epidendrum breviracemum C. Schweinf. 1952 - See Epidendrum jajense Rchb. f. 1854
LATE
EARLY
GROUP Kalopternix SUBGROUP Serpens
LATE EARLY
AND AGAIN LATE EARLY
LATE EARLY
~Epidendrum brittonianum A.D. Hawkes 1957 - See Psychilis olivacea (Cogn.) Sauleda 1988
~Epidendrum broadwayi Ames & C.Schweinf 1932 - See Epidendrum tipuloideum Lindl. 1853
~Epidendrum broughtonoides Griseb. 1866 - See Domingoa haematochila (Rchb. f.) Carabia 1943
GROUP Elleanthoides SUBGROUP Guacamayense
LATE EARLY
~*Epidendrum buchii Cogn. 1910 - See Psychilis buchii (Cogn.) Sauleda 1988
GROUP Nocturnum SUBGROUP Nocturnum
~Epidendrum buenavistae Kraenzl. 1908 - See Epidendrum flexuosum G. Mey. 1818
GROUP Polychlamys SUBGROUP Polychlamys
~Epidendrum bulbophylloides F. Lehm. & Kraenzl. 1899 - See Epidendrum coryophorum (Kunth) Rchb. f. 1861
~*Epidendrum bulbosum Vell 1831 - See Anacheilium bulbosum (Vell.) Withner & P.A.Harding 2004
~Epidendrum bulkeleyi A.D.Hawkes 1957 - See Epidendrum secundum Jacq. 1760
~Epidendrum burgeri Schltr. 1925 - See Epidendrum proligerum Barb. Rodr. 1877
GROUP Excisum SUBGROUP Leucochilum
GROUP Diothonea SUBGROUP Diothonea
LATER LATE
~Epidendrum caespitosum Lam. 1783 - See Liparis cespitosa [Lamarck] Lindley 1825
~Epidendrum caespitosum Poepp. & Endl. 1837-8 - See Hormidium pygmaeum (Hook.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex Hemsl. 1883
~Epidendrum caespitosum Barb.Rodr. 1877 - See Epidendrum orchidiflorum Salzm. ex Lindl. 1831
~Epidendrum cajamarcae Schltr. 1921 - See Epidendrum geminiflorum Kunth 1816
GROUP Megalospathum SUBGROUP Tigriphyllum
GROUP Ramosum SUBGROUP Flexicaule
~*Epidendrum calamarium Lindl. 1838 - See Anacheilium calamarium (Lindl.) Pabst, Moutinho & A.V. Pinto 1981
~Epidendrum calamarium var brevifolium Cogn. 1898 - See Anacheilium calamarium (Lindl.) Pabst, Moutinho & A.V. Pinto 1981
~Epidendrum calamarium var latifolium Cogn. 1898 - See Anacheilium calamarium (Lindl.) Pabst, Moutinho & A.V. Pinto 1981
~Epidendrum calamarium var longifolium Cogn. 1898 - See Anacheilium calamarium (Lindl.) Pabst, Moutinho & A.V. Pinto 1981
GROUP Secundum SUBGROUP Secundum
to LATE to
~Epidendrum calanthum subsp. revertianum (Stehl ) Sastre 1990 - See Epidendrum revertianum (Stehl ) H gsater 1993
~*Epidendrum calanthum var. revertianum Stehl 1939 - See Epidendrum revertianum (Stehl ) H gsater 1993
~Epidendrum calanthum var. rubrum Stehl 1939 - See Epidendrum rubroticum H gsater 1993 or Epidendrum elongatum Jacq. 1789
~Epidendrum calcaratum Vell 1881 - See Bifrenaria tetragona (Lindl.) Schltr. 1908
~Epidendrum calcaratum Sess & Moc. 1894 - See Ionopsis utricularioides (Sw.) Lindl. 1821
~Epidendrum calceolare (Buch.-Ham. ex Sm.) D.Don 1825 - See Gastrochilus calceolaris [Buch.-Ham. ex Sm.] D. Don 1825
~Epidendrum calceolariae J.K nig 1791 - See Dendrobium acerosum Lindl. 1841
GROUP Oerstedella SUBGROUP Verrucosum
LATE EARLY
GROUP Alberti SUBGROUP Alberti
LATE EARLY
~Epidendrum calliferum Lem. 1853 - See Epidendrum cristatum Ruiz & Pav. 1798
~Epidendrum callista Raeusch. 1797 - See Dendrobium amabile O'Brien 1909
~Epidendrum calochielum Hkr. 1841 - See Encyclia alata [Bateman]Schlechter 1914
~Epidendrum caloglossum Schltr. 1921 - See Epidendrum paniculatum Ruiz & Pav. 1798
AGAIN
GROUP Spathiger SUBGROUP Coriifolium
GROUP Ramosum SUBGROUP Ramosum
LATER
GROUP Megalospathum SUBGROUP Vesicicaule
GROUP Megalospathum SUBGROUP Vesicicaule
~Epidendrum calyptrochilum Schltr. 1921 - See Epidendrum rupestre Lindl. 1841
LATE
EARLY
LATE
GROUP Coronatum SUBGROUP Aristisepalum
to Late THROUGH MID
GROUP Ramosum SUBGROUP Platystigma
LATE EARLY
GROUP Alpicolum SUBGROUP Pergracile
LATE
GROUP Arbuscula SUBGROUP Arbuscula
LATER EARLIER
~Epidendrum campylocentroides Pabst 1957 - See Epidendrum cogniauxianum Hoehne 1949
LATE EARLY
LATE EARLY
EARLY
~Epidendrum campylostalix Rchb. f. 1852 - See Pollardia campylostalix [Rchb.f] Withner & Harding 2004
GROUP Elleanthoides SUBGROUP Guacamayense
~Epidendrum canaliculatum Vell. 1825 - See Cattleya loddigesii Lindl. 1824
~Epidendrum canaliculatum (Aubl.) Poir. 1810 - See Tetramicra canaliculata [Aubl.] Urban 1918
EARLY
~Epidendrum cancavilabium C.Schweinf. 1937 - See Epidendrum circinatum Ames 1924
LATE
~Epidendrum candidum Barb.Rodr. 1881 - See Epidendrum saxatile Lindl. 1841
~*Epidendrum candollei Lindl 1839 - See Encyclia candollei (Lindl.) Schltr. 1914
~Epidendrum caninum Burm.f. 1768 - See Dendrobium crumenatum Swartz 1799
~Epidendrum capartianum Linden 1891 - See Encyclia capartiana ( L.Linden ) Fowlie & D.Duveen 1992
~*Epidendrum capense L. f. 1782 - See Mystacidium capense (L. f.) Druce 1917
~Epidendrum capitatum Sess & Moc. 1894 - See Elleanthus capitatus (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb.f. 1862
GROUP Capitellatum Type for the group
LATE
GROUP Pseudepidendrum SUBGROUP Porphyreum
to
~Epidendrum caracasanum Regel 1859 - See Epidendrum heterodoxum Rchb.f. 1854
LATE EARLY
GROUP Arbuscula SUBGROUP Incomptum
to
EARLIER
LATE EARLY
to
GROUP Kalopternix SUBGROUP Garayi
GROUP Diothonea SUBGROUP Diothonea
LATE
to
GROUP Megalospathum SUBGROUP Vesicicaule
GROUP Spathiger SUBGROUP Rigidum
GROUP Macrostachyum SUBGROUP Macrostachyum
~ Epidendrum caribiorum Ackerman & Acev.-Rodr. 2012 - See Epidendrum umbelliferum J.F. Gmel. 1791
~Epidendrum carinatum L. 1753 - See Dendrobium carinatum (L.) Willd. 1805
~Epidendrum carinatum Lindl. 1853 - See Epidendrum eustirum Ames, F.T. Hubb. & C. Schweinf. 1935
~Epidendrum carinatum Vahl 1793 - See Tolumnia variegata (Sw.) Braem 1986
GROUP Excisum SUBGROUP Friderici-guilielmii
LATE EARLIER
GROUP Kalopternix SUBGROUP Garayi
LATER EARLY
~Epidendrum carneum Lindl. 1846 - See Epidendrum ferrugineum Ruiz & Pav. 1798
LATER LATE
~ Epidendrum carnosiflorum C.Schweinf. 1943 - See Epidendrum rugulosum Schltr. 1920
~Epidendrum carnosum var. nutans Cogn. 1898 - See Epidendrum dendrobioides Thunb. 1818
GROUP Carloii Type for the group
to through
~Epidendrum carolinianum Lam. 1783 - See Epidendrum nocturnum Jacq. 1763
LATE
GROUP Nocturnum SUBGROUP Nocturnum
toto
~*Epidendrum carthagenense Jacq. 1760 - See Lophiaris carthagenensis (Sw.) Braem 1993
LATER
GROUP Secundum SUBGROUP Elongatum
~Epidendrum cattleyae hort. - See Cattleya luteola Lindley 1853
~Epidendrum caucae Schltr. 1920 - See Epidendrum calanthum Rchb. f. & Warsz. 1854
~*Epidendrum caudatum L. 1763 - See Brassia caudata (L.) Lindl. 1824
GROUP Amblostoma SUBGROUP Amblostomioides
LATER
GROUP Elleanthoides SUBGROUP Rhombochilum
~Epidendrum cearense Barb. Rod.b. 1881 - See Epidendrum anceps Jacq. 1763
~*Epidendrum cebolleta Jacq. 1760 - See Oncidium cebolleta (Jacq.) Sw. 1800
~Epidendrum cebolleta Schltr. 1920 - See Epidendrum uribei A.D.Hawkes 1957
GROUP Diothonea SUBGROUP Diothonea
LATER EARLY
~Epidendrum centradenia Rchb.f. 1865 - See Epidendrum centropetalum Rchb.f. 1852
~Epidendrum centroamericanum Molinari 2016 - See Epidendrum tripetaloides H gsater & E.Santiago 2015
GROUP Andean SUBGROUP Vernixium
LATE
GROUP Oerstedella SUBGROUP Centropetalum
LATE and EARLY
~Epidendrum centropetalum Rchb.f. 1855 - See Epidendrum viridibrunneum Rchb. f. 1862
~Epidendrum cepiforme Hook. 1839 - See Encyclia candollei (Lindl.) Schltr. 1914
~Epidendrum ceraia Raeusch. 1797 - See Dendrobium crumenatum Swartz 1799
~*Epidendrum ceratistes Lindl. 1844 - See Encyclia ceratistes (Lindl.) Schltr. 1919
GROUP Arbuscula SUBGROUP Incomptum
LATE LATE
LATER
~*Epidendrum cespitosum Lam. 1783 - See Liparis cespitosa [Lamarck] Lindley 1825
LATE EARLY
~*Epidendrum chacaoense Rchb. f. 1854 - See Anacheilium chacaoense [Rchb.f] Withner & Harding 2004
GROUP Coronatum SUBGROUP Aristisepalum
GROUP Oerstedella SUBGROUP Intermixtum
LATE EARLIER
LATER EARLY
GROUP Andean SUBGROUP Fritzianum
GROUP Megalospathum SUBGROUP Vesicicaule
GROUP Alpicolum SUBGROUP Alpicolum